scholarly journals How Relevant Are Non-Use Values and Perceptions in Economic Valuations? The Case of Hydropower Plants

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sousa ◽  
Anabela Botelho ◽  
Lígia M. Costa Pinto ◽  
Marieta Valente
Keyword(s):  
Stated Preference ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Non Market Valuation

The construction of hydropower plants, particularly of large ones, is far from being a consensual decision: advocates defend their construction based on the unquestionable benefits hydropower provides, while critics argue that these facilities are far from harmless and cause adverse impacts on the environment, being not only against the construction but also demanding the destruction of existing ones. We review a selection of recent empirical studies concerning impacts of hydropower developments, to make a case for the consideration of non-use values in the economic valuation of the environmental and social impacts of hydropower plants, through the use of non-market valuation methodologies. Additionally, we present data from a case study of hydropower economic valuation, where different subgroups of the population with differing degrees of contact and familiarity with hydropower rate their perception of impacts. Respondents with more contact are less penalizing of hydropower than other respondents. We conclude that non-use values are non-negligible and can be valued through stated preference methods, but researchers should take into consideration perceptions and the role of users and non-users. Non-use values should thus not be neglected by policy makers and regulators at the planning and public consultation stages or as part of the decommissioning decision.

Using a choice experiment to estimate non-use values: the case of Cheimaditida wetland, Greece

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Birol ◽  
K. Karousakis ◽  
P. Koundouri
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Optimal Policies ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Valuation Technique ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Non Market Valuation

This paper aims to assist policy makers in formulating efficient, effective and sustainable wetland management policies by providing them with the results of a non-market valuation technique using the Cheimaditida wetland in Greece as a case study. A choice experiment is employed to estimate the benefits of the non-use values of the Cheimaditida wetland that accrue to the Greek public. The results indicate that there are positive and significant non-use values of this wetland. These results can aid in the design of socially optimal policies for the sustainable management of the Cheimaditida wetland, with implications for other wetlands in Greece and the rest of Europe.

An Analytical Approach to Cruise Tourism As an Option For Development: a Case Study of the Sultanate of Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Heba Aziz ◽  
Osman El-Said ◽  
Marike Bontenbal
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Expenditure ◽  
Return Intention

The objective of this study was to measure the level of cruise tourists' satisfaction as well as the relationship between satisfaction, recommendation, return intention, and expenditure. Also, the impact of factors such as nationality, length of the visit, and age on the level of expenditure was measured. An empirical approach for data collection was followed and a total of 152 questionnaires were collected from cruise tourists visiting the capital city of Oman, Muscat, as cruise liners anchor at Sultan Qaboos Port. Results of the regression analysis supported the existence of a causal relationship between satisfaction with destination attributes, overall satisfaction, recommendation, return intention, and expenditure. It was found that the average expenditure varies according to age and length of the visit. Recommendations for policy makers were suggested on how to increase the role of cruise tourism in strengthening the economy.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, PERFORMANCE AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL CAPITAL: A CASE STUDY OF FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS IN THAILAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950008
Author(s):  
CHONNATCHA KUNGWANSUPAPHAN ◽  
JIBON KUMAR SHARMA LEIHAOTHABAM
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Institutional Capital ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation of female entrepreneurs and business performance, and analyzes the moderating role of institutional capital on the entrepreneurial orientation-performance link. The results of the study highlight the important role of entrepreneurial orientation, including proactiveness, innovativeness and risk-taking, in directing business performance of female entrepreneurs and the complex interplay among entrepreneurial orientation variables. It also indicates that accessibility to institutional capital, through regulative, cognitive and normative dimensions, encourages female entrepreneurs to be more entrepreneurially oriented, thus leading to better business performance. In addition, this research proposes an integrated framework to guide policy makers on how institutional capital can play a crucial role in helping female entrepreneurs, stressing the importance of becoming entrepreneurial oriented and thus, achieving superior business performance.

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2021 ◽  
pp. 280-295
Author(s):  
Nur Farhah Mahadi ◽  
Nor Razinah Mohd. Zain ◽  
Shamsuddeen Muhammad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of Islamic social finance towards realising financial inclusion in achieving nine of the seventeen goals of sustainable development goals (SDGs) which are SDG1, SDG2, SDG3, SDG4, SDG5, SDG8, SDG9, SDG10, and SDG17 in the 2030 agenda for SDGs, as propagated by United Nations Member States in 2015. Then, a critical analysis is made to explain the possible contribution of Islamic social finance in achieving financial inclusion which is aligned with SDGs that brings balanced to the physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual of the community in supporting overall economic growth which finally combats the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research and empirical studies can be conducted to explore the relationship between Islamic social finance, financial inclusion, and SDGs which in tandem with Maqᾱṣid al-Sharῑ῾ah to equip ourselves in unpredictable economic hiccups during COVID-19. The results may also motivate the financial industries to promote Islamic social finance products and corporate social responsibilities as well as enhance the development of Islamic social finance towards achieving financial inclusion in fulfilling SDGs which soon will provide significant social impacts as the results will enable new initiatives by industries and policy makers to develop Islamic social finance in attaining financial inclusion to achieve SDGs which is seen as being parallel with Maqᾱṣid al-Sharῑ῾ah especially in resolving economic issues of COVID-19.

Valuation of Biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Bartkowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Stabilizing Effect

Massive population declines and species extinction have characterized the 20th and early 21st centuries. These local and global phenomena do not only involve the loss of particular species, habitats, and ecosystem services; they also result in a general reduction in biotic diversity. Ecological research has long indicated the importance of biodiversity within and across ecosystems. However, capturing the economic value of biodiversity remains a challenge. Biodiversity is a multidimensional public good; it encompasses the diversity of genes, species, functional groups, habitats, and ecosystems. A large empirical literature in biology and ecology indicates that biodiversity has a stabilizing effect on ecosystems—the higher the biodiversity within a given ecosystem type, the more well-functioning (productive, stable, and resilient) is the ecosystem. However, the economic importance of biodiversity goes beyond this stabilizing effect. The multidimensionality and complexity of the biodiversity concept has resulted in a multitude of approaches to its economic valuation. While the theoretical and conceptual literature has focused on biodiversity as insurance and as a pool of options, empirical studies have been much more diverse. Given the public-good nature and complexity of biodiversity, stated preference methods are particularly common. The focus on biodiversity valuation has fostered many important theoretical and methodological developments. Many estimates exist of the willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation in different countries across the world; however, relatively few studies have been conducted in developing countries despite the considerably higher biodiversity levels there as compared with the better-covered developed countries. Valuation of biodiversity is a controversial subject, and the economic, predominantly anthropocentric approach has been criticized frequently. However, non-anthropocentric accounts of biodiversity value are problematic for their own reasons; an important question is whether biodiversity has intrinsic value and, if yes, whether this can be captured within the economic perspective. Valuation of biodiversity remains a vibrant topic at the intersections of disciplines such as ecology, environmental ethics, and economics.

scholarly journals Cross-Border Open Innovation of Early Stage Tech Incubation: A Case Study of FORGE, the First UK-China Accelerator Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunming Shao ◽  
Lei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Border Trade

This paper is a case study of FORGE, the first UK-China cross border accelerator program, conducted in the context of TusPark Newcastle, an overseas innovation center by TUS Holdings in the United Kingdom. It engages with current research that examines the role of trust, particularly in the area of cross-border trade. We suggest that this is especially pertinent for early stage technology companies, since in many cases, their products, business models and even founder reputations, are more unformed. We also look at the topic of cross-border incubation, particularly with China as the target market, and provide new insights for understanding the channels and barriers for international commercialization in China for early stage tech startups. Finally, we provide some suggestions for policy-makers on both sides to better coordinate efforts to increase innovation relationships like FORGE.

A Place for Immigrants in the Ghetto: The Rise and Fall of the NaunynRitze Youth Centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhat Güney ◽  
Bülent Kabaş ◽  
Fatih Çömlekçi
Keyword(s):  
Immigrant Youth ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Youth Centre

In this work, we attempt to examine the role of strategies like arts sponsorship and culturalism in the solution of immigrant youth issues around a specific immigrant place. This is a case study that focuses on the NaunynRitze Youth Centre in Berlin-Kreuzberg, which was presented as a successful example by policy makers and the public in the 1990s when the footsteps of the crisis of multiculturalism had begun to be heard in Germany. Our research shows that the social engineering strategies shaped around a multikulti production base are not permanent or sustainable as long as these institutions are also given the responsibility of eliminating the cycle of crime and violence in addition to promote individual artistic development and subcultural entities. As long as political figures and the public opinion continue to generally see the immigrant youth as a danger to the secure and untarnished development of society, it does not appear possible for the multiculturalism and the immigrant youth work system to develop.

scholarly journals Promoting the creation of Innovation Ecosystems: the case of the University of Porto

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Melo Brito
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
The University ◽  
Key Success Factor ◽  
Knowledge Valorisation

Universities are increasingly acting as promoters of innovation, economic growth and regional development, a trend that has attracted the attention of both policy makers and researchers. The objective of this paper is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of higher education institutions as dynamic promoters of growth and development. The University of Porto is used as a case study to explore how universities can act as innovation ecosystems leaders and integrators. The main contributions of the paper are threefold. First, the case puts in evidence a key success factor: the talent to transform the knowledge produced by universities into valuable solutions for companies and other organisations. Second, links between universities and industry must assume a long-term and relational nature rather than an intermittent and transactional character. Finally, the success of university-based ecosystems depends on the integration of a diversity of actors, resources and competences. This means that a sustainable strategy of innovation and knowledge valorisation requires an approach that fosters both internal and external networking.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER AND EIGHT KEY COMPETENCE FOR LIFELONG LEARNING. CASE STUDY POLISH SCHOOL IN REZEKNE

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Sylwia Szulc
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Teacher Competences ◽  
Polish School ◽  
The Impact

In this article author present the impact of teacher competences on the role played in school. The object of the research is the role played by the teacher in the State Polish Grammar School in Rezekne. In order to compare theory with practice, empirical studies have been conducted in the two - month practice in State Polish Grammar School in Rezekne, which were completed within the practice of Erasmus+.

The Role of Use and Nonuse Values on Festival Attendees' Behavioral Intentions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-138
Author(s):  
Renuka Mahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Life Cycle Theory ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Nonuse Values ◽  
Willingness To Recommend ◽  
Intention To Revisit

This article distinguishes between use and nonuse values in their impact on two behavioral intentions to a rural cultural festival. Results from the case study showed that in the willingness to recommend the festival and intention to revisit by repeat tourists, both use and nonuse values were influential but first timers' intention to revisit was mainly affected by use values. In addition, there was support for the recency–frequency–monetary value paradigm and the distance decay theory with some evidence of a nonlinear relationship between distance and behavioral intention. The life cycle theory and length of festival stay on the other hand saw mixed effects on the two types of behavioral intention. Overall, a two-pronged marketing strategy based on the importance of use and nonuse values to attract first timers and repeat tourists could be considered for a cultural festival.

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