scholarly journals Heat Release Kinetics upon Water Vapor Sorption Using Cation-Exchanged Zeolites and Prussian Blue Analogues as Adsorbents: Application to Short-Term Low-Temperature Thermochemical Storage of Energy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3505
Author(s):  
Salma Benzaria ◽  
Ekaterina Mamontova ◽  
Yannick Guari ◽  
Joulia Larionova ◽  
Jérôme Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Integral Heat

In view of potential uses in short-term thermochemical heat storage by sorption of water vapor, the capacity to release a sufficient heat amount at the appropriate rate of a Prussian blue analogue (PBA) containing hexacyanocobaltate vacancies has been compared with those of 13X type zeolites possessing Na+, Ce3+, Ce4+, or Tb3+ extra-framework compensating cations. The extended structural and surface characterization demonstrated good reproducibility of the preparation procedures performed on a 10-g scale. The adsorbents were tested under dynamic conditions of gas flow with the aid of either a gas flow calorimeter (120 mL h−1 helium flow) to measure the amount and rate of the integral heat release or a laboratory-scale test rig (15,000 to 22,800 mL h−1 nitrogen flow) to monitor the outlet temperature of nitrogen heated by adsorption. For a regeneration temperature of 353 K and a partial H2O pressure of 2.8 kPa in helium, the PBA sample yielded an integral heat ranging between 900 and 1020 kJ kg−1 with a very slow heat release lasting for even 12–14 h. The zeolite-based materials generated between 350 and 950 kJ kg−1 more rapidly (up to 6–7 h), depending on the nature and the content of compensating cations, as well as on the dehydration state achieved during regeneration. With the laboratory-scale test rig, the efficiency of heat extraction by convection was about 65% for Na-13X and only 38% for PBA, and it diminished with decreasing flow rate.

Design and testing of a laboratory scale test rig for wave energy converters using a double‐sided permanent magnet linear generator

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addy Wahyudie ◽  
Mohammed Jama ◽  
Tri Bagus Susilo ◽  
Bisni Fahad Mon ◽  
Hussein Shaaref ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Linear Generator ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Energy Converters

scholarly journals Flexible distillation test rig on a laboratory scale for characterization of additively manufactured packings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Neukäufer ◽  
Nadin Sarajlic ◽  
Harald Klein ◽  
Sebastian Rehfeldt ◽  
Heiko Hallmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Column Wall ◽  
First Results ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Scale Test

Additive manufacturing is increasingly being used to develop innovative packings for absorption and desorption columns. Since distillation has not been in focus so far, this paper aims to fill this gap. The objective is to obtain a miniaturized 3D printed packed column with optimized properties in terms of scalability and reproducibility, which increases process development efficiency. For this purpose, a flexible laboratory scale test rig is presented combining standard laboratory equipment with 3D printed components such as innovative multifunctional trays or the column wall with packing. The test rig offers a particularly wide operating range (F=0.15 Pa…1.0 Pa) for column diameters between 20 mm and 50 mm. First results regarding the time to reach steady-state, operational stability and separation efficiency measurements are presented using a 3D printable version of the Rombopak 9M. Currently, innovative packings are being characterized, which should exhibit a optimized bevavior regarding scalability, reproducibility and separation efficiency.

Comparison of Active Control Algorithms for Rotor Unbalance Compensation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Tammi ◽  
Antti Laiho
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuator ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Scale Test

This paper shows a short introduction to three unbalance compensation algorithms and an experimental comparison of those algorithms. The algorithms have been tested experimentally on a laboratory-scale test rig equipped with an electromagnetic actuator. So called Convergent Control algorithm has been found the most suitable for the current purpose in terms of performance and simplicity. The algorithms are subjected further tests on rotor unbalance compensation in an electrical machine. This paper shows some initial considerations for those further tests.

scholarly journals Study of high-temperature oxygen combustion (HiTOx) and its heating performance using a laboratory-scale test furnace

2021 ◽  
pp. 117077
Author(s):  
Hisashi Nakamura ◽  
Yuji Kuwayama ◽  
Takakazu Onishi ◽  
Takuya Tezuka ◽  
Susumu Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Heating Performance ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Test Furnace

scholarly journals Study of the Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in a Controlled Composting Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Vaverková ◽  
František Toman ◽  
Dana Adamcová ◽  
Jana Kotovicová
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Material ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Scale Test

Study of the Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in a Controlled Composting EnvironmentThe objective of this study was to determine the degrability/biodegradability of disposable plastic bags available on the market that are labeled as degradable/biodegradable and those certified as compost. The investigated materials were obtained from chain stores in the Czech Republic and Poland. Seven kinds of bags (commercially available) were used in this study. One of them was a disposable bag made of HDPE and mixed with totally degradable plastic additive (TDPA additive). Another was a disposable made of polyethylene with the addition of pro-oxidant additive (d2w additive). One was labeled as 100% degradable within various periods of time, from three months up to three years, and four were certified as compostable. The test was carried out in a controlled composting environment. The biodisintegration degree of the obtained pieces was evaluated following a modified version of ČSN EN 14806 Norm "Packaging - Preliminary evaluation of the disintegration of the packaging materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory scale test" and a modified version of ČSN EN ISO 20200 "Plastics - Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in laboratory-scale test" (ISO 20200:2004). The emphasis was put on determination whether the bags are degradable/biodegradable or not.

Introducing a New Test Rig for Film Cooling Measurements With Realistic Hole Inflow Conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Fraas ◽  
Tobias Glasenapp ◽  
Achmed Schulz ◽  
Hans-Jörg Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Cooling Hole ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Density Ratios ◽  
Operational Range ◽  
Film Cooling Holes

Further improvements in film cooling require an in-depth understanding of the influencing parameters. Therefore, a new test rig has been designed and commissioned for the assessment of novel film cooling holes under realistic conditions. The test rig is designed for generic film cooling studies. External hot gas flow as well as internal coolant passage flow are simulated by two individual flow channels connected to each other by the cooling holes. Based on a similarity analysis, the geometry of the test rig is scaled up by a factor of about 20. It furthermore offers the possibility to conduct experiments at high density ratios and realistic approach flow conditions at both cooling hole exit and inlet. The operational range of the new test rig is presented and compared to real engine conditions. It is shown that the important parameters are met and the transfer-ability of the results is ensured. Special effort is put onto the uniformity of the approaching hot gas flow, which will be demonstrated by temperature and velocity profiles. A first measurement of the heat transfer coefficient without film cooling is used to demonstrate the quality of the measurement principle.

Investigation of the Flow Phenomenon Inside Gas Ejectors With Moist Gas Entrainment

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Wang ◽  
Mark Pellerin ◽  
Pravansu Mohanty ◽  
Subrata Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Symmetric Model ◽  
Design And Optimization

This paper focuses on the gas flow study of an ejector used in applications where moist gases are being entrained. Two parts of work are presented. In the first part, characteristics of gas flow inside an ejector, as well as the ejector's performance under various operating and geometric configurations, were studied with a three-dimensional computational model. Measurements were also performed for validation of the model. In the second part, focus was given to the potential condensation or desublimation phenomena that may occur inside an ejector when water vapor is included in the entrained stream. Experiments using light-attenuation method were performed to verify the presence of a second phase; then, the onset of phase change and the phase distribution were obtained numerically. A two-dimensional axis-symmetric model was developed based on the model used in the first part. User-defined functions were used to implement the phase-change criteria and particle prediction. A series of simulations were performed with various amounts of water vapor added into the entrained flow. It was found that both frost particles and water condensate could form inside the mixing tube depending on the operating conditions and water vapor concentrations. When the concentration exceeds 3% by mass, water vapor could condense throughout the mixing tube. Some preliminary results of the second phase particles formed, e.g., critical sizes and distributions, were also obtained to assist with the design and optimization of gas ejectors used in similar applications.

scholarly journals Impact of Lightning Data Assimilation on Forecasts of a Leeward Slope Precipitation Event in the Western Margin of the Junggar Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3584
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yu Xin ◽  
Chenghai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Junggar Basin ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
Precipitation Prediction ◽  
Analysis Experiment ◽  
Short Term Forecasting

A moderate precipitation event occurring in northern Xinjiang, a region with a continental climate with little rainfall, and in leeward slope areas influenced by topography is important but rarely studied. In this study, the performance of lightning data assimilation is evaluated in the short-term forecasting of a moderate precipitation event along the western margin of the Junggar Basin and eastern Jayer Mountain. Pseudo-water vapor observations driven by lightning data are assimilated in both single and cycling analysis experiments of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) system. Lightning data assimilation yields a larger increment in the relative humidity in the analysis field at the observed lightning locations, and the largest increment is obtained in the cycling analysis experiment. Due to the increase in water vapor content in the analysis field, more suitable thermal and dynamic conditions for moderate precipitation are obtained on the leeward slope, and the ice-phase and raindrop particle contents increase in the forecast field. Lightning data assimilation significantly improves the short-term leeward slope moderate precipitation prediction along the western margin of the Junggar Basin and provides the best forecast skill in cycling analysis experiments.

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