scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Opto-Thermal Properties of Natural Clay Bricks Incorporating Dredged Sediments

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4575
Author(s):  
Mattia Manni ◽  
Fabiana Frota de Albuquerque Landi ◽  
Tommaso Giannoni ◽  
Alessandro Petrozzi ◽  
Andrea Nicolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Dredged Sediments ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Potential Exploitation

The brick industry is currently facing a shortage of natural resources. Despite this, the demand for construction bricks is progressively increasing. Alternative materials, such as dredged sediments and solid organic waste, have been recently proposed as options to replace natural clay in brick manufacturing. Potential exploitation of dredged sediments in clay bricks is evaluated in this study. The chemical composition of the mixtures and the opto-thermal properties of brick samples, which differed for the dredged sediment content (from 10% to 50% of the clay weight), were investigated. Chemical analyses detected lower concentrations of heavy metals in bricks incorporating dredged sediments (DS). Negligible variations in thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat were observed by increasing the amount of DS in the mixture. In particular, the thermal conductivity values ranged between 0.45 ± 0.03 W m−1 K−1 (DS-50) and 0.50 ± 0.03 W m−1 K−1 (DS-30). Conversely, the color shift value and spectral reflectance in the infrared field were found directly proportional to the concentration of DS. Using dredged sediments as building material demonstrated to be a solution to the problem of their disposal and the scarcity of raw materials, reducing the global warming score by up to 2.8%.

Integration of Port Dredged Sediments Into the Production of Fired Clay Bricks

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-440
Author(s):  
Ikram Frar ◽  
Houdaifa Bakkali ◽  
Mohammed Ammari ◽  
Laïla Ben Allal
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Substitution Rate ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Dredged Sediments ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Fired Bricks

Bricks manufactured, based on dredged sediments extracted from Tangier and Larache ports in Morocco were investigated. Chemical, physical, geotechnical, mineralogical and environmental characterizations studies of ports dredged sediments were performed. Partial substitution of natural clay by dredged sediments was achieved with different substitution rates by weight (20%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%) to manufacture brick samples at the laboratory scale. The compressive strength was the factor determining the optimal substitution rate of the natural clay. Compressive strength values of fired bricks with different rates of sediments incorporated show that the manufactured bricks have mechanical characteristics relatively close to natural clay until 60% substitution for Larache port dredged sediment (SL) and until 50% for Tangier port dredged sediment (ST). The results in this study confirm that dredged sediments from the ports of Tangier and Larache can be used as an alternative raw materials resource for the manufacturing of fired bricks.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Magnesia Binder Based on Natural and Technogenic Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Elvija Namsone ◽  
Genadijs Sahmenko ◽  
Irina Shvetsova ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Caustic Magnesia

Because of low calcination temperature, magnesia binders are attributed as low-CO2 emission materials that can benefit the environment by reducing the energy consumption of building sector. Portland cement in different areas of construction can be replaced by magnesia binder which do not require autoclave treatment for hardening, it has low thermal conductivity and high strength properties. Magnesium-based materials are characterized by decorativeness and ecological compatibility.The experimental part of this research is based on the preparation of magnesia binders by adding raw materials and calcinated products and caustic magnesia. The aim of this study was to obtain low-CO2 emission and eco-friendly material using local dolomite waste materials, comparing physical, mechanical, thermal properties of magnesium binders.

scholarly journals Copper-Carbon Nanoforms Composites – Processing, Microstructure and Thermal Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 1307-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pietrzak ◽  
A. Gładki ◽  
K. Frydman ◽  
D. Wójcik-Grzybek ◽  
A. Strojny-Nędza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Carbon Phase ◽  
Composites Processing ◽  
Structure Investigations

AbstractThe main current of publication is focused around the issues and problems associated with the formation of composite materials with Cu matrix and reinforcing phases in the various carbon nanoforms. The core of the research has been focused on thermal conductivity of these composites types. This parameter globally reflects the state of the structure, quality of raw materials and the technology used during the formation of composite materials. Vanishingly low affinity of copper for carbon, multilayered forms of graphene, the existence of critical values of graphene volume in the composite are not conducive to the classic procedures of composites designing. As a result, the expected, significant increase in thermal conductivity of composites is not greater than for pure copper matrix. Present paper especially includes: (i) data of obtaining procedure of copper/graphene mixtures, (ii) data of sintering process, (iii) the results of structure investigations and of thermal properties. Structural analysis revealed the homogenous distribution of graphene in copper matrix, the thermal analysis indicate the existence of carbon phase critical concentration, where improvement of thermal diffusivity to pure copper can occur.

scholarly journals Effects of rice husk ash and wollastonite incorporation on the physical and thermal properties of refractory ceramic composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Silva ◽  
Eduardo Pachla ◽  
Ederli Marangon ◽  
Marco Tier ◽  
Ana Paula Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Refractory Ceramic

ABSTRACT The main objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of rice husk ash and wollastonite microfibers incorporation, added per clay partial substituition, on physical and thermal properties of refractory ceramic composites. The raw materials characterization occurred with respect to their chemical composition (XRF), phase composition (XRD) and granulometry by laser. The composites were avaluated by physical properties - apparent porosity, bulk density, water absorption, linear retraction after sinterization and mass variation - and thermal properties - thermal conductivity and thermal shock. The rice husk ash used in the present work proved to have potential as a ceramic precursor in the development of refractories. The clay substitution per ash and the microfiber different percentages resulted in an increase in water absorption and apparent porosity and a reduction in the linear retraction. The increase in porosity suggests that the mullitization was insufficient. Regarding the thermal performance, the thermal conductivity was inversely proportional to the porosity and the microfiber percentage. In addition, the higher the thermal-shock temperature gradient the lower was the number of cycles resisted by the composites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of fired-clay bricks incorporating both mineral and organic wastes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Achik ◽  
Hayat Benmoussa ◽  
Abdellah Oulmekki ◽  
M. Ijjaali ◽  
N. EL Moudden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
New Material ◽  
Materials Used

The clay brick is one of the oldest building materials, and as the use of waste in the bricks can reduce clay consummation and the environmental burden due to the accumulation of waste, the present study was chosen, the addition of mineral and organic waste to the clay brick. The added value of this work, which was carried out within the Institute of Building Materials at VGTU, is that the mixture studied is very special, because the raw materials used are: − Yellow Clay (C) from Fez which is used only in the field of pottery; − Pyrrhotite Ash (PA) which is a mineral waste produced during the manufacture of sulphuric acid from the roasting of pyrrhotite ore. This waste is stored in the open air since 1982 and until now it doesn't have any specific use; − Cedar Sawdust (S) is an organic waste regenerate by the artisanal sector from Fez. The bricks’ technological properties depended on the amount of ashes used. So, adding 5% S to the mixture (20% PA – 80% C) gives rise to a new material that is light, porous with a natural brick red colour. Most importantly, this material exhibits mechanical strength according to the standards of a terracotta brick.

Thermal Conductivity of Fired Clay Bricks Incorporated with Cigarette Butts

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Amira Sarani ◽  
Aeslina binti Abdul Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Cigarette Butts ◽  
Cigarette Butt ◽  
Public Areas

Billions of cigarette butts (CBs) were discarded by smokers directly into the environment. It is known that CBs are one of the environmental pollution that could caused contamination on the street, sidewalks, waterways, beaches and public areas. Due to its small size but large in volume, CBs cannot be collected easily and most of it will be disposed directly to the landfill. Moreover, there is no easy mechanism to ensure the separation of the chemicals trap inside the CBs which is toxic to the environment. Therefore, by incorporating CBs into brick bodies will be an alternative solution to CBs littering and pollution problems. In this study, different percentages of CBs (0%, 2.5% and 5.0%) were incorporated into fired clay brick. Different heating rates were applied during firing stage which are 1oC/min, 3oC/min and 5oC/min respectively. All samples were fired at 1050oC. Thermal conductivity for cigarette butt brick (CB Brick) were tested using Hot Guarded Plate Method. From the results obtained, it could be concluded that; with higher percentages of CBs, the thermal conductivity properties were also improved which is desired but most of the brick manufacturers. CBs incorporated could be an alternative pore formers to improve the thermal properties of fired clay brick. At the same time, the porosity is also increased thus the density was significantly reduced to become lightweight brick.

scholarly journals Thermal characterization of a new effective building material based on clay and olive waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamrani Mohamed ◽  
Khalfaoui Mohamed ◽  
Laaroussi Najma ◽  
Khabbazi Abdelhamid
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Mass Fractions

The influence of thermophysical properties of wall materials on energy performance and comfort in traditional building was investigated. The clay is the most commonly used sustainable building material. The study looked at the effects of the addition of pomace olive on the thermophysical properties of clay bricks to improve the energy efficiency of this ecological material. An experimental measurement of thermal properties of clay mixed with pomace olive was carried out by using the transient and steady state hot-plate and flash methods. The experimental methods are applied to measure the thermal properties of the composite material. The estimation of these thermal characteristics is based on a one dimensional model and the experimental errors are found less than 3%. The composite samples were prepared with different granular classes and mass fractions of the pomace olive in the mixture. The results show that the density of the new material was not substantially influenced by the size of the pomace olive. However, the thermal conductivity and diffusivity decrease from 0.65 W.m-1.K-1 and 4.21×10-7 m2.s-1 to 0.29 W.m-1.K-1 and 2.47×10-7m2.s-1, respectively, according to the variation of the volume fraction of pomace olive from 0 (pure clay) to 71% showing that the olive pomace can be used as effective secondary raw materials in the making of clay bricks.

scholarly journals Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymers Exposed to High Temperature: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui He ◽  
Nan Dai ◽  
Zhenjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stress Strain

Geopolymers are prepared by alkali solution-activated natural minerals or industrial waste materials, which have been widely used as new sustainable building and construction materials for their excellent thermal and mechanical properties. The thermal and mechanical properties of geopolymers at high temperature have attracted great attention from many researchers. However, there are few systematic works concerning these two issues. Therefore, this work reviewed the thermal and mechanical behaviors of geopolymers at high temperature. Firstly, the thermal properties of geopolymers in terms of mass loss, thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity after high temperature were explained. Secondly, the mechanical properties of residual compressive strength and stress-strain relationship of fly ash geopolymers and metakaolin geopolymers after high temperature were analyzed. Finally, the microstructure and mineralogical characteristics of geopolymers upon heating were interpreted according to the changes of microstructures and compositions. The results show that the thermal properties of geopolymers are superior to cement concrete. The geopolymers possess few mass loss and a low expansion ratio and thermal conductivity at high temperature. The thermal and mechanical properties of the geopolymers are usually closely related to the raw materials and the constituents of the geopolymers. Preparation and testing conditions can affect the mechanical properties of the geopolymers. The stress-strain curves of geopolymer are changed by the composition of geopolymers and the high temperature. The silicon-type fillers not only improve the thermal expansion of the geopolymers but also enhance mechanical properties of the geopolymers. But, they do not contribute to reducing the thermal conductivity. the different raw materials, aluminosilicate precursor and reinforcement materials, result in different geopolymer damage during the heating. However, phase transitions can occur during the process of heating regardless of the raw materials. The additional performance enhancements can be achieved by optimizing the paste formulation, adjusting the inner structure, changing the alkali type, and incorporating reinforcements.

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND WATER ABSORPTION OF RECYCLED COCONUT FIBRE AND CRUSHED CLAY BRICK MASONRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renga Rao Krishnamoorth ◽  
Thevaneyan Krista David
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Line Heat Source ◽  
Clay Bricks

This study aims to investigate the thermal conductivity, compressive strength and water absorption analysis of recycled masonry bricks using coconut fiber and crushed clay bricks as a partial sand replacement to create a green building material. The variable ratios of coconut fiber were considered and 10 specimens per sample were manufactured manual process using hand. Four (4) series of brick mix design from the total weight of the sand with different levels of coconut fiber and crushed clay brick replace half of the sand was created as irregular mixes comprises of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of coconut fiber. Overall, the use of coconut fiber and crushed clay brick as a partial sand replacement reduce the brick thermal conductivity. Thermal properties were measured based on the transient line heat source method using a KD2 Pro thermal properties analyzer. The suitable percentage of partial sand replacement for sand-cement brick using coconut fiber in this study was 4% and 50% of crushed clay brick after compared to commercial brick. The average sample of 4% coconut fiber was 0.532 W/mk of thermal conductivity and 18.74MPa compressive strength with density of 1716.28 kg/m3. In short, the thermal insulation potential of coconut fiber and crushed clay brick is highly promising for commercial development in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Thermal properties of commercial hydrobionts’ tissues in the freezing process

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Valery Bogdanov ◽  
Andrei Simdyankin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Specific Heat Capacity ◽  
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Tissue Density

The paper describes changes in thermal properties in the process of freezing of marine raw materials. The study objects were the skin of giant octopus (Octopus dofleini L.), pallium of Pacific squid (Todarodes pacificus L.), milt of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii L .), a nd muscle t issue of Japanese c ucumaria (Cucumaria japonica L.). The mathematical relations of the studied thermal parameters allowing the calculation of specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity coefficient and tissue density of the studied objects in the process of freezing were obtained. It was found that the change in the total specific heat capacity during the freezing of all the objects under study was of the same type: first, this figure increases due to the intensive ice formation in the tissues of hydrobionts, and then decreases due to a significant decrease in the content of the liquid aqueous phase. The values of the total specific heat capacity before the freezing of seafood were determined (kJ/kg·K): 4.26 for squid, 3.58 for milt of Pacific herring, 3.66 for octopus skin, and 3.95 for the shell of cucumaria. It was revealed that an increase in the amount of frozen out water decreased the density of samples of frozen raw materials. This was due to the high (77.4–88.9%) content of water, turning into ice, which has a lower density index. The values of hydrobionts’ tissue density before freezing were obtained ( 0 ρ , kg/m3): 1226.74 for squid, 1209.6 for milt of Pacific herring, 1128.55 for octopus skin, and 031.26 for shell of cucumaria. It was established that the thermal conductivity of the hydrobiont tissue samples in the process of freezing increased with the growth of the proportion of frozen out water contained, approaching the thermal conductivity of ice. The calculated values of thermal conductivity coefficient of seafood tissue prior to freezing equal (W/m·K): 0.52 for squid, 0.47 for milt of Pacific herring, 0.63 for octopus skin, and 0.53 for cucumaria. The obtained thermal characteristics values of the objects studied are recommended for use in technical and technological calculations of aquatic biological resources cooling treatment processes.

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