scholarly journals The Sustainable City: Advances in Renewable Energy and Energy Saving Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8382
Author(s):  
Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno ◽  
Quetzalcoatl Hernandez-Escobedo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

According to United Nations data, half of the world’s population lives in cities and forecasts indicate that by the middle of the 21st century, this percentage will have increased to 65%. The increase in the urban population favors the creation of a network of interactions that entails a series of material and energy flows. These cause environmental impacts that affect the quality of life of citizens and the environment as a whole. According to data from the International Energy Agency, cities occupy 3% of the planet’s surface and are responsible for 67% of global energy consumption. The effects caused by this consumption, as well as its impact on the depletion of resources, make it necessary to carry out an exhaustive study of renewable energies and new energy saving systems. This Special Issue aims to present new advances and developments in renewable energy and energy saving systems that allow cities to evolve in a sustainable way.

International Law and the Renewable Energy Sector

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Parker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Regulation ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Climate Change Negotiations ◽  
Energy Charter Treaty ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
International Climate

This chapter examines key legal instruments and mechanisms relevant to international renewable energy regulation. These play an important role in governing unified action and enhancing collaboration and information-sharing on effective policies and investment frameworks aimed at reducing barriers and risks to investments in renewable energy. The mechanisms that are analysed are the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) Statute, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and related international climate change negotiations and declarations, the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), and various sector-specific treaties. The chapter also turns its attention to the primary international organizations that influence present and future directions in international renewable energy policy, such as the Nairobi Programme of Action for the Development and Utilization of New and Renewable Sources of Energy, International Energy Agency, Development Banks, and the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership.

scholarly journals Demand Flexibility Enabled by Virtual Energy Storage to Improve Renewable Energy Penetration

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Fambri ◽  
Marco Badami ◽  
Dimosthenis Tsagkrasoulis ◽  
Vasiliki Katsiki ◽  
Georgios Giannakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Intrinsic Nature ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
New Energy ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Complex Scenario

The increasing resort to renewable energy distributed generation, which is needed to mitigate anthropogenic CO2 emissions, leads to challenges concerning the proper operation of electric distribution systems. As a result of the intrinsic nature of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), this generation shows a high volatility and a low predictability that make the balancing of energy production and consumption difficult. At the same time, the electrification of new energy-intensive sectors (such as heating) is expected. This complex scenario paves the way for new sources of flexibility that will have more and more relevance in the coming years. This paper analyses how the electrification of the heating system, combined with an electric flexibility utilisation module, can be used to mitigate the problems related to the fluctuating production of RES. By using Power-to-Heat (P2H) technologies, buildings are able to store the overproduction of RES in the form of thermal energy for end-use according to the principle of the so-called Virtual Energy Storage (VES). A context-aware demand flexibility extraction based on the VES model and the flexibility upscale and utilisation on district-level through grid simulation and energy flow optimisation is presented in the paper. The involved modules have been developed within the PLANET (PLAnning and operational tools for optimising energy flows and synergies between energy NETworks) H2020 European project and interact under a unified co-simulation framework with the PLANET Decision Support System (DSS) for the analysis of multi-energy scenarios. DSS has been used to simulate a realistic future energy scenario, according to which the imbalance problems triggered by RES overproduction are mitigated with the optimal exploitation of the demand flexibility enabled by VES.

scholarly journals irena and iea: Moving Together Towards a Sustainable Energy Future—Competition or Collaboration?

Climate Law ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Esu ◽  
Francesco Sindico
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Member States ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Oil Crisis ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this article is to critically examine, from a legal perspective, the relationship between the International Energy Agency (iea) and the International Renewable Energy Agency (irena). The iea was established in 1973 in response to the global oil crisis. It currently has 29 member states. Its original mandate has been expanded to include ensuring reliable, affordable, and clean energy. irena was established in 2009. Its main objective is to promote sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy. With 138 member states, and many more in the process of accession, irena is becoming a truly universal organization. Both the iea and irena focus their attention on sustainable energy. Is there an institutional overlap or an unnecessary duplication in scope? Are irena’s activities in sustainable energy, which seemingly parallel those of the iea, justified by its aims and global reach? By addressing these and related questions, the article discusses whether the relationship between the iea and irena can be seen as competition or collaboration. The relationship is analysed within the context of the un Sustainable Energy for All Initiative.

Scenarios for Evaluation of Technology Development Options for Power Generation Equipment

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio J. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Power Generation Equipment ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Commercial Organizations

Several national and international organizations publish long term studies of possible future evolutions of primary and final energy consumption, installed power generation, adoption of new energy technologies and greenhouse gas emissions, for example, in the form of ‘scenarios’. Which scenario or combination of scenarios will come true depends on many factors, not least the choice of technologies to be developed and the amount of resources put into the development of the chosen technologies. Power generation equipment manufacturers thus have a strong influence on how the future of the energy world will unfold, through their technological choices and the investments they make to develop the technologies. However their own future also depends on how external factors evolve, including, for example, public opinion, economics, population growth, competitor technologies etc., which are also considered in the aforementioned scenarios. In this paper a discussion is made of the aspects of scenarios described in the literature that are relevant for technology strategic management within the time scales usually considered by commercial organizations. As a result, two scenarios are proposed, based on those presented by the International Energy Agency and on data from other sources.

Green Traffic Tool Innovation – Design and Implementation of a Solar Car Prototype

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 221-224
Author(s):  
Hui Min Wang ◽  
Xuan Zuo Liu ◽  
Qian Cheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
New Energy

Abstract: Solar car, a combination of a great number of relevant techniques with new energy sources, materials and structure, is both eco-friendly and energy-saving. Our research, whose chief goal is to bring solar cars into our daily life by the device of a prototype, will be concentrated on body structure, steering system and energy flows. A conclusion has been made that the solar car is very potential to be used as the sightseeing car and some optimizations have also been achieved.

Repositioning gas in the power generation mix

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Martin Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Since the turn of the century, gas has been highlighted as the transition fuel to a lower emissions world, and, in 2011, the International Energy Agency published a special report entitled ‘Are we entering the golden age of gas’, which indicated that gas use could rise by over 50% to provide more than 25% of world energy demand by 2035. Even though gas use has risen in tandem with the increase in renewable energy, over the past decade, coal has been the fastest growing fuel because developing countries choose cheap power to provide their growing energy needs. Gas has been, and continues to be, subject to a green, cheap squeeze; squeezed by cleaner renewables on the one hand, and cheaper coal on the other. This paper will look at the impact that increasing amounts of renewable energy has on existing power generation and supply systems, and provide insights into the potential range of outcomes in emission levels, and the need to not only discuss renewable energy target, but to also understand the total energy mix, and the need to reposition gas from a transition fuel to the natural long-term companion of renewables.

Improvement of Hydraulic System of New Energy Saving Die Casting Machine

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 428-431
Author(s):  
Xu Xia Zhu ◽  
Wei Min Zhao ◽  
Jia Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Energy

Due to the growing tension of non-renewable energy supply, in order to enhance sustainable development and competitiveness of the die-casting equipment, developing new energy-saving die casting machine is imperative. In this paper the hydraulic system of die casting machine was studied, mainly about how to adjust and improve its oil supply and oil return system, servo technology and pneumatics were applied, the result shows that the new methods can effectively reduce the overall energy consumption, and improve the efficiency of the system.

A Case Study on Energy Saving and New Energy Services

2012 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Ze Guo Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
New Energy

Energy conservation or energy saving is one of the most important methods for reducing CO2 emissions, which is known to be associated with global warming. Although development of renewable energy sources such as solar or wind energy is necessary, we must first pay attention to the fact that enormous amounts of energy are consumed uselessly at present. Energy saving should therefore be one of the first problems to be tackled. It may not only bring reductions in CO2 emission, but also may lead to savings in expenditure on energy. This paper introduces some of the initiatives taking place in Japan aimed at energy conservation.

THE CHALLENGES FOR THE BIOFUELS SECTOR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EU CLIMATE AND ENERGY POLICY

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Gradziuk ◽  
Błażej Jendrzejewski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate And Energy Policy ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this study was to assessment of the impact of EU climate and energy policy changes on the biofuels sector. The research was carried out on the basis of the reports of the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Energy Regulatory Office, the Central Statistical Office of Poland, the EU Commission, the International Renewable Energy Agency and the International Energy Agency. Tabular and descriptive methods were used. Analyzes covered the years 2007-2015 with perspective until 2030. The analyzes show that realization of assumed obligations in relation to the minimum share of renewable energy used by transportation according to the directive 2009/28/WE of 23 February 2017 may be difficult to be achieve within the proposed deadlines. Currently existing advanced biofuel installations are mainly small prototype devices. Commercialization of those installations would pose a number of threats which could make impossible to reach the assumed production capacity.

The Summery of Warm Mix Agent

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 826-829
Author(s):  
Shu Guang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
New Energy

Compared with hot mix asphalt (HMA), warm mix asphalt (WMA), which reduces the mixing and compaction temperatures and energy consumption and emissions, while maintaining the quality of HMA , is a new energy-saving and environment-friendly paving material, with a broad prospect.In order to develop the warm mix asphalt and prompt the sustainable development of pavement, some kinds of warm mix agent are summarized as follows.

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