scholarly journals Capture of Pollutants from Exhaust Gases by Low-Temperature Heating Surfaces

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Zongming Yang ◽  
Victoria Kornienko ◽  
Mykola Radchenko ◽  
Andrii Radchenko ◽  
Roman Radchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heating Surface ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Graphic System ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Heating Surfaces ◽  
Temperature Heating

One of the most effective methods towards improving the environmental safety of combustion engines is the application of specially prepared water-fuel emulsions (WFE). The application of WFE makes it possible to reduce primary sulfur fuel consumption and reveals the possibility of capturing the pollutants from exhaust gases by applying condensing low-temperature heating surfaces (LTHS). In order to realize such a double effect, it is necessary to investigate the pollution processes on condensing LTHS of exhaust gas boilers (EGB), especially the process of low-temperature condensing a sulfuric acid vapor from exhaust gases to investigate the influence of condensing LTHS on the intensity of pollutants captured from the exhaust gases. The aim of this research is to assess the influence of the intensity of pollutants captured from exhaust gases by condensing LTHS in dependence of water content in WFE combustion. Investigations were carried out at a special experimental setup. The processing of the results of the experimental studies was carried out using the computer universal statistical graphic system Statgraphics. Results have shown that in the presence of a condensing heating surface, the degree of capture (purification) of pollutants from the exhaust gas flow is up to 0.5–0.6.

scholarly journals Absorption of pollutants from exhaust gases by low-temperature heating surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Victoria Kornienko ◽  
Mykola Radchenko ◽  
Roman Radchenko ◽  
Marcin Kruzel ◽  
Dmytro Konovalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heating Surface ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Exhaust Gases

One of the most effective methods aimed to improving the environmental safety is fuel oil combustion in the form of specially prepared water-fuel emulsions. The combustion of water-fuel emulsion in internal combustion engines makes it possible to reduce a rate of low-temperature corrosion at wall temperatures below the dew point temperature of sulfuric acid vapor, to install a condensing lowtemperature heating surface in the exhaust gas boiler that leads to increase the efficiency of boiler. Therefore, it is of great importance to assess the effect of the presence of condensate (water, acid) and pollution on these surfaces on the processes of NOx, SO2 absorption from exhaust gases. Investigations of SO2, NOx and particulate matter emission were carried out on the experimental installation for fuel oil and water-fuel emulsion combustion with different water content. Using condensing heating surface enables to reduce the concentration of NOx and SO2 by 65 %. Experimental studies have shown that condensing heating surface ensures the capture of up to 30 % of particulate matter from the exhaust gas flow.

scholarly journals СОКРАЩЕНИЕ ВЫБРОСОВ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ ПРИ СЖИГАНИИ ВОДОТОПЛИВНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ C ИСПОЛЬЗАНИЕМ ЭФФЕКТА "МИКРОВЗРЫВОВ"

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Виктория Сергеевна Корниенко ◽  
Роман Николаевич Радченко ◽  
Юрий Георгиевич Щербак
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Exhaust Gas Cleaning

The requirements of international organizations in the field of environmental protection, reduction of heat losses and thermal emissions from the burning of organic fuels, increasing the efficiency and reliability of operation both stationary and ship's power plants (SPP) acutely raise the question of the development of complex cleaning technologies. The study aims to develop a system for complex exhaust gas cleaning of the internal combustion engine (ICE). For performing tasks in the technology of the proposed method were envisaged 6 stages of a technological process. It was established that the primary and decisive factor for solving the tasks in development a complex system for improving environmental indicators, reducing corrosion and heat emissions is the organization of the water-fuel emulsion (WFE) combustion process in the ICE based on sulfur fuels with water content of about 30% and using the effect of "microexplosions" drops of water. The conducted experimental studies have shown that when WFE is burned with water content Wr = 30 %, an equimolar (or almost this) NO2: NO ratio necessary for activating the absorption properties of exhaust gases is created in gases. The results of studies have shown that under these conditions, passivation of the metal surface with a temperature below of dew point temperature of H2SO4 vapors takes place and therefore it becomes possible to significantly reduce the low-temperature corrosion of the condensation surface. This made it possible to install a low-temperature condensing heating surface with a surface temperature below the dew point of sulfuric acid vapor at the outlet of exhaust gas boiler after the ICE. Analysis of the experimental dates shows that: 1 m2 of condensing surface absorbs 3.4 mg/m3 of NOx and 0.89 mg/m3 of SO2, which makes it possible to decrease the NOx concentration by 1.55 times and SO2 - in 1.5 times. There is a process of precipitation of toxic solid ash and soot particles: from 150...170 mg/m3 (at the outlet of ICE when WFE is burnt with Wr = 30 %) to 70...90 mg/m3 after the condensing surface. Consumption of water with alkaline properties decreases when NOx, SO2, CO2 concentration is reduced in front of scrubbers. Reducing pollution of heating surfaces increases the cleaning period of EGB in 2.5 times. The developed complex system can be used to clean the ICE gases to the level recommended by IMO.

Application of preliminary low-temperature heating for cold forming of complex parts on cold former

2021 ◽  
pp. 396-399
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Lavrinenko ◽  
Yu.A. Lavrinenko ◽  
R.S. Fayruzov ◽  
A.S. Ayrapetyan ◽  
A.S. Kirsanov
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
40Kh13 Steel ◽  
Temperature Heating ◽  
Complex Parts

The results of experimental studies of flow curves of 32CrB4, 20G2R and 1.4034 (analogue of 40Kh13 steel) steels at different heating temperature of workpieces are presented. Rational intervals of preliminary lowtemperature heating of workpieces made of studied steels are obtained. It allows to decrease forces during cold forging, loads on the working tool and to increase of tool life time up to 2 times.

CO2-Free Power Generation: A Study of Three Conceptually Different Plant Layouts

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjo¨rn Fredriksson Mo¨ller ◽  
Mohsen Assadi ◽  
Ulf Linder
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Air Turbine

Ever since the release of the Kyoto protocol the demand for CO2-free processes have been increasing. In this paper three different concepts with no or a very small release of CO2 to the atmosphere are evaluated and compared concerning plant efficiency and investment cost. A novel approach to biomass gasification is proposed to provide fuel for a combined gas turbine cycle, where the biomass is considered to be a renewable fuel with zero impact regarding CO2 in the exhaust gases. The gasification concept used is a Dual Pressurised Fluidised Bed Gasifier (DPFBG) system, using steam and recycled product gas as fluidising agent in the gasification reactor. In the separate combustion reactor air is used as fluidising agent. The second cycle is a hybrid fuelled Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle with post-combustion CO2-separation. Steam used for regenerating the amines in the separation plant is produced using a biomass boiler, and natural gas is used as fuel for the humid air turbine. With this fuel mix the net release of CO2 can even be less than zero if the exhaust gas from the steam generator is mixed and cleaned together with the main exhaust gas flow. The third cycle proposed is a combined cycle with postcombustion CO2-separation and the steam generation for the CO2-separation integrated in the bottoming steam cycle. All power cycles have been modelled in IPSEpro™, a heat and mass balance software, using advanced component models developed by the authors. An equilibrium model is employed both for the gasification and the separation of CO2 from exhaust gases. All three power cycles show efficiencies around 45%, which is high for a biomass gasification cycle. The HAT and the combined cycle show efficiency drops of about 8 percentage points, due to the post-combustion treatment of exhaust gases.

scholarly journals Application of the F-statistic of the Fisher-Snedecor distribution to analyze the significance of the effect of changes in the compression ratio of a diesel engine on the value of the specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas flow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Puzdrowska
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Specific Enthalpy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Impact

The paper discusses the impact of changes in the compression ratio on the operating parameters of a diesel engine, e.g. on the temperature of exhaust gases. It presents the construction of the laboratory test stand, on which experimental measurements were realized. It is characterized how the actual changes of the compression ratio were introduced to the existing engine. The program of experimental investigations taking into account the available test stand and measurement possibilities was described. A statistical and qualitative analysis of the obtained measurement results was made. The use of F statistics of the Fisher-Snedecor distribution was proposed to assess the significance of the effect of compression ratio changes on the specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas stream. The specific enthalpy of exhaust gases was analysed for one cycle of diesel engine work, determined on the basis of the course of quickly varying temperature of exhaust gases. The results of these analyses are discussed and the utilitarian purpose of this type of evaluation in parametric diagnostics of piston engines is presented.

scholarly journals Predicting performance of a thermal shield of a spacecraft in a high-temperature gas flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ivanovna Gracheva
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Thermal Shield ◽  
Predicting Performance ◽  
Temperature Heating ◽  
High Temperature Gas

A fundamental understanding of the mechanism of material interaction with a medium is based on correspondence between experimental studies and actual operating conditions of a given model or a structure. We estimated performance of thermal shield structures based on computations brought about considering physical properties of materials obtained under conditions simulating re-entry of a spacecraft into the atmosphere.A thermal shield is considered of a layered type shell, made of fiber glass with phenol-phormaldehide matrix. Both elastic and thermo-physical characteristics are varied depending on the temperature change.A thermal-stressed state of a cylindrical shield subjected to action of a high-temperature gas flow, is defined based on solving a 3D problem simultaneously using equations of theory of elasticity, thermal conductivity, and numerical analysis. Results are given as dependencies of stress distributions through the thermal coating, taking into account such parameters of atmosphere in re-entry as temperature, heating rate, pressure of a gaseous medium.

Application of TiO2 Catalyst for Low-Temperature SCR of NOx in New Style PC Kiln

2014 ◽  
Vol 529 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Chun Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Catalytic Reaction ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Low Temperature Scr ◽  
Scr Of Nox

Low-temperature SCR denitration in new style PC kiln was conducted using TiO2 catalyst. First, the theoretical quantity of ammonia consumption was calculated and applied in this experiment. Maintain the volume of exhaust gas flow and ammonia consumption quantity, concentration of NOx reduced from initial 503 mg/Nm3 of 120°C to 57.5 mg/Nm3 of 170 °C after catalytic reaction. When excess ammonia was injected into SCR reactor, efficiency of the denigration increased linearly too with temperature increasing and achieving the maximum of 89.45% under conditions of 170 °C, ammonia flow rate of 4.00 SL/min. After 20h continuous operating, efficiency of the denigration fluctuated ± 1% only. Pore of TiO2 catalyst have not blocked by exhaust smoke, that is to say: Low-temperature SCR TiO2 catalyst can be long-term used in new style PC kiln.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF WASTE GATE VALVE IN REGULATING EXhaust GAS FLOW TOWARDS THE TURBOCHARGER FOR THE FLEXIBLE COMBUSTION PROCESS ON THE TANGGUH JAYA LNG/C SHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-624
Author(s):  
Asman Ala ◽  
Diah Zakiah ◽  
Faisal Fadly
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gate Valve ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Sides

A turbocharger is an auxiliary engine that functions to supply air into the cylinder and in general every turbocharger has two sides, namely, the compressor side and the turbine side, the rotation of the turbocharger is generated from the remaining exhaust gases from combustion in the cylinder which goes to the turbine side of the turbocharger and produces rotation. on that side and also rotates at the same speed on the compressor side of the turbocharger. The amount of air that will enter the cylinder depends on the rotation of the turbocharger itself, if the rotation of the turbocharger is too fast it will produce too much air in the cylinder which results in knocking or knocking on the main drive engine, whereas if the turbocharger rotates too slowly it will result in too little quantity of air resulting in a misfire or failure of combustion in the cylinder. To determine the rotational speed of the turbocharger, we need a tool that can regulate the quantity of the remaining exhaust gases from combustion in the cylinder, namely the waste gate valve. When the writer carried out the sea practice, the writer experienced various interesting things about the waste gate valve, such as the opening that did not match the degree of the waste gate valve to the difference in the indicator readings on the waste gate valve. In this case the author will analyze the cause of the imperfect supply of air entering the cylinder caused by the non-optimal performance of the waste gate valve.

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