scholarly journals Exergy Footprint Assessment of Cotton Textile Recycling to Polyethylene

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Alexandra Plesu Popescu ◽  
Yen Keong Cheah ◽  
Petar Sabev Varbanov ◽  
Jiří Jaromír Klemeš ◽  
Mohammad Reda Kabli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Fraction ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Cotton Waste ◽  
Polyethylene Production ◽  
Exergy Performance

Circular economy implementations tend to decrease the human pressure on the environment, but not all produce footprint reductions. That observation brings the need for tools for the evaluation of recycling processes. Based on the Exergy Footprint concept, the presented work formulates a procedure for its application to industrial chemical recycling processes. It illustrates its application in the example of cotton waste recycling. This includes the evaluation of the entire process chain of polyethylene synthesis by recycling cotton waste. The chemical recycling stages are identified and used to construct the entire flowsheet that eliminates the cotton waste and its footprints at the expense of additional exergy input. The exergy performance of the process is evaluated. The identified exergy assets and liabilities are 138 MJ/kg ethylene and 153 MJ/kg ethylene, reducing the Exergy Footprint by 75% and the greenhouse gas footprint by 43% compared to the linear pattern of polyethylene production. The exergy requirements for producing raw cotton constitute a large fraction of the liabilities, while the polyethylene degradation provides the main asset in the reduction of the Exergy Footprint.

scholarly journals Possibility Routes for Textile Recycling Technology

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3834
Author(s):  
Damayanti Damayanti ◽  
Latasya Adelia Wulandari ◽  
Adhanto Bagaskoro ◽  
Aditya Rianjanu ◽  
Ho-Shing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Textile Recycling

The fashion industry contributes to a significant environmental issue due to the increasing production and needs of the industry. The proactive efforts toward developing a more sustainable process via textile recycling has become the preferable solution. This urgent and important need to develop cheap and efficient recycling methods for textile waste has led to the research community’s development of various recycling methods. The textile waste recycling process can be categorized into chemical and mechanical recycling methods. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art regarding different types of textile recycling technologies along with their current challenges and limitations. The critical parameters determining recycling performance are summarized and discussed and focus on the current challenges in mechanical and chemical recycling (pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrothermal, ammonolysis, and glycolysis). Textile waste has been demonstrated to be re-spun into yarn (re-woven or knitted) by spinning carded yarn and mixed shoddy through mechanical recycling. On the other hand, it is difficult to recycle some textiles by means of enzymatic hydrolysis; high product yield has been shown under mild temperatures. Furthermore, the emergence of existing technology such as the internet of things (IoT) being implemented to enable efficient textile waste sorting and identification is also discussed. Moreover, we provide an outlook as to upcoming technological developments that will contribute to facilitating the circular economy, allowing for a more sustainable textile recycling process.

Recycling and Reuse of Fashion

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Chand Prakash Saini ◽  
M. K. Nair ◽  
K. Tara Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Fast Fashion ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
The World

The chapter examines the role of recycling and reuse of fashion in order to achieve environmental sustainability. The chapter supports its conclusion by various reports that recycling of textile waste can be solutions to many environmental issues caused by fast fashion. However, textile recycling is an old term; in recent years, it has gained attention again due to fast fashion culture in significant parts of the world, which has resulted in overconsumption of textiles and led to waste generation. Waste recycling has become a multibillion industry. New ways are being created in terms of the development of sorting machines, design inputs, and innovative high-value products to make recycling a profitable proposition. The chapter also highlights how the second-hand market of clothes and the internet as a facilitator can help in reducing textile waste.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions by Reusing and Recycling Used Clothing in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8214
Author(s):  
Toshiro Semba ◽  
Yuji Sakai ◽  
Miku Ishikawa ◽  
Atsushi Inaba
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Textile Recycling

According to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 73% of used clothing is landfilled or incinerated globally and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fabric manufacturing in 2015 amounted to 1.2 billion tons. It must be reduced in the future, especially by reusing and recycling used clothing. Based on this perspective, researchers calculated the energy consumption and GHG emissions associated with reusing and recycling used clothing globally with a life cycle assessment (LCA). However, no study was conducted so far to estimate the total GHG emission reductions in Japan by reusing and recycling used clothing. In this study, the amount of used clothing currently discharged from households as combustible and noncombustible waste and their fiber types were estimated using literature. Then, the methods for reusing and recycling of used clothing were categorized into the following 5 types based on fiber type, that is, “reuse overseas,” “textile recycling to wipers,” “fiber recycling,” “chemical recycling” and “thermal recycling.” After that, by applying LCA, the GHG emission reductions by above 5 methods were estimated, based on the annual discharged weights of each fiber type. Consequently, the total GHG emissions reductions by reusing and recycling 6.03 × 108 kg of used clothing totally were estimated around 6.60 × 109 kg CO2e, to range between 6.57 × 109 kg CO2e and 6.64 × 109 kg CO2e, which depended on the type of “chemical recycling.” The largest contribution was “reuse overseas,” which was 4.01 × 109 kg CO2e corresponded to approximately 60% of the total reduction. Where, it was assumed that used clothing were exported from Japan to Malaysia which was currently the largest importing country. In this case, GHG emissions to manufacture new clothing in China, the largest country currently to export them to Japan, can be avoided, which are 29.4 kg CO2e and 32.5 kg CO2e respectively for 1 kg jeans and 1 kg T-shirts. Adding the GHG emissions for overseas transportation to this, on average, 32.0 kg CO2e per kg of used clothing was reduced by “reuse overseas,” which was 19.6 times larger than GHG emissions by incineration, 1.63 kg CO2e per kg, in which carbon neutrality for cotton was not counted. As the result, the total GHG emission reductions above mentioned, around 6.60 × 109 kg CO2e, corresponds to 70% of the GHG emissions by incineration of total household garbage in Japan.

scholarly journals Industrial textile recycling and reuse in Brazil: case study and considerations concerning the circular economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Correa do Amaral ◽  
Welton Fernando Zonatti ◽  
Karine Liotino da Silva ◽  
Dib Karam Junior ◽  
João Amato Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Industrial Sustainability ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Production Trend

Abstract Textile products are present in all aspects of our lives and drive a significant part of the world economy. Issues related to enterprise competitiveness, sustainability, limitation of natural resources, environmental and social impacts are increasingly considered. In this context, the recovery and recycling of textile materials are essential. This study aimed to present an overview of the Brazilian textile and clothing industry, highlighting the mechanical and chemical recycling processes and reuse. We also discuss the reasons for importing textile waste, and considerations about circular economy concepts, correlating them to the key factors and obstacles involving industrial operation of textile recycling. The authors conducted technical visits to textile recycling industries in order to observe the production processes and identify their main challenges. Nevertheless, the initiatives show that Brazil is on track for industrial sustainability, following a global production trend.

Eco-friendly post-consumer cotton waste recycling for regenerated cellulose fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangcheng Liu ◽  
Shuyan Liu ◽  
Tian Liu ◽  
Tuan Liu ◽  
Jinwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Cotton Waste

German Textile Waste Recycling Industry Processing and its Implications in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1345-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Fu Liu ◽  
Tian Yi
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Recycling Economy ◽  
Reuse System

Textile recycling can save resource and energy, as well as make huge economic benefits. Under the background of recycling economy, it is imperative to build textile recycling and reuse system in China, as there are many problems in Chinese textile waste recycling market. This paper introduces the background of textile waste recycling and explores the detail of advanced textile recycling mode in Germany as a case study, through which the author points out that we can learn from the German mode and choose Yangtze River Delta as a pilot area to establish the textile waste recycling system.

Characterizations on the Effect of Processing of Polymers Blend with Petroleum Coke (Part I)

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 644-648
Author(s):  
Syed Bakar Sharifah Shahnaz ◽  
Rita Khanna ◽  
Sahajwalla Veena ◽  
Hussin Kamarudin ◽  
N.Z. Noimam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Interfacial Behaviour

Global demand for plastics has grown significantly over the past decades, and will continue to expand with rising income levels in emerging economies; a number of approaches have been used to recycle polymer waste. While chemical recycling is one of the key methods used as it recovers and reuses the polymer in high-end product; new avenues for waste recycling need to be developed. In-depth interfacial behaviour investigation was carried out to study interactions between polymers and petroleum coke (PC). Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) polymers are three major polymers that abundantly found in waste streams were chosen and their properties and the effect of petroleum coke presence on the degradation process of polymer have been characterized. The polymer was mixed and homogenized prior pyrolysis up to 600C. The residues yield after pyrolysis was collected and analyzed.

scholarly journals Towards Circular Economy: Different Strategies for Polyurethane Waste Recycling and the Obtaining of New Products

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Ugarte ◽  
Tamara Calvo-Correas ◽  
Itziar Gonzalez-Gurrutxaga ◽  
Cristina Peña-Rodriguez ◽  
Oihane Etxeberria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Great Volume ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethanes ◽  
Polyurethane Waste ◽  
High Production ◽  
Flexible Foam

As a consequence of the high production and simultaneous consumption of polyurethanes (PU) a great volume of PU waste is landfilled. In this scenario, suitable and efficient routes for PU waste recycling have been searched for many years. In this work two series of PUs using different recycled PU sources were synthesized: a thermoplastic PU series using a glycolysated polyol obtained from the glycolysis of elastomeric PU waste (chemical recycling) and a PU flexible foam series loaded with PU dust waste created in the shaping of PU surf tables (mechanical recycling). Results showed that the incorporation of recycled components in the formulation improved mechanical properties both in the case of thermoplastic polyurethanes and polyurethane foams. The optimum glycolysated polyol was fixed in 15% over the total polyol weight for thermoplastic PUs. In the case of foams, a maximum of 20% PU dust over the polyol weight was incorporated.

Current options for characterizing, sorting, and recycling polymeric waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel José da Silva ◽  
Hélio Wiebeck
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Polymer Recycling ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Polymeric Waste

Several researches and technologies on polymer recycling have been driven and justified by the uncontrolled and crescent polymer waste generation in the world. Herein, a critical and concise review on the recent and well-established recycling practices for polymer waste is presented, taking into account not only thermoplastics (or plastics) but also thermosets and elastomers. Moreover, sorting and characterization techniques for polymer waste recycling are detailed and their importance is discussed. An in-depth analysis of the literature indicated that novel and advanced recycling methods for polymeric waste (PW) present difficulties to be applied in the industrial sector, mainly the scientific innovations in the chemical recycling area. In the current scenario, new challenges for the recycling sector are linked to highly contaminated PW from electrical, electronic, and medical products.

scholarly journals Waste Management Strategies in Textile & Garment Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (9S) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Gupta Khusbu Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Wasteful Consumption

Textiles and Apparel (T&A) sector is one of the most significant industrial sectors and plays a major role towards contribution to national economy, employment generation and exports in developing countriesand most essential consumer goods industry. However, textile industry is accused of being one of the most polluting industries. Not only production but consumption of textiles also produces waste. To counter the problem, textile industry has taken many measures for reducing its negative contribution towards environment. One of such measures is textile recycling- the reuse as well as reproduction of fibers from textile waste. Recycling can be done through thermal, material, chemical and mechanical processes. Textile recycling is beneficial for environmental and economic conditions, reducing demand for textile chemicals, requirement of landfill space is reduced, consumption of less energy and reducing of water wastage. Market research, and efforts are needed to increase consumer awareness and to encourage manufacturers to increase the use of recycled textile waste into new products. Fashion consumption and sustainability are often opposing ideas. Fashion consumption is a highly resource-intensive, wasteful practice; and sustainability frowns on wasteful consumption. Sustainability in the fashion business is still an emerging agenda, not yet established, and many authors have recognised the importance of investigating how sustainability could be achieved

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