scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Effectively Enhances the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Wang ◽  
Huini Zhong ◽  
Lingjun Zhu ◽  
Yingdan Yuan ◽  
Linhao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
N Content ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Funneliformis Mosseae ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gleditsia Sinensis

The Chinese honey locust tree Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae) is a precious ecological and economic tree species that has wide-ranging usage. However, knowledge regarding seedling cultivation (especially the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)) is scarce, which limits the developent of Gleditsia plantations. A pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions to estimate the effects of three AMF strains (Funneliformis mosseae 1, Funneliformis mosseae 2, and Diversispora tortuosa) on the growth, photosynthetic rate, and nutrient content of G. sinensis seedlings. Results showed that the growth parameters (seedling height, basal diameter, dry biomass) of the seedlings were significantly increased by each of the three AMF strains, associated with high root colonization rates (greater than 75%). Chlorophyll concentrations and photosynthetic rates were also increased by AMF, and phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in the three organs (leaf, stem, and root), and nitrogen (N) content in the leaf and stem of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) seedlings were significantly higher than in non-AM seedlings. Mycorrhizal dependency of the AM seedlings was greater than 350%, and significantly correlated with the increased P and K content in all three organs and increased N content in the leaf and stem. Positive effects of F. mosseae on growth and the nutrient content of seedlings were higher than those of D. tortuosa, but no significant different effects on G. sinensis seedlings were observed between the two strains of F. mosseae. Hence, growth of G. sinensis seedlings was effectively enhanced by AMF, with F. mosseae being more suitable for the inoculation of G. sinensis seedlings. These results indicate that arbuscular mycorrhization is beneficial for the growth of young G. sinensis plants. Further research is needed to determine whether the effects can be reproduced in a forest situation.

scholarly journals Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth, Photosynthesis, and Nutrient Uptake of Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino Seedlings under Salt Stress

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Wang ◽  
Zhiyuan Fu ◽  
Qiong Ren ◽  
Linjun Zhu ◽  
Jie Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Funneliformis Mosseae ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Zelkova Serrata

Salinity is the primary restriction factor for vegetation conservation and the rehabilitation of coastal areas in Eastern China. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been proved to have the ability to alleviate salt stress in plants. However, the role of AMF in relieving salt stress among indigenous trees species is less well known, limiting the application of AMF in the afforestation of local area. In this study, a salt-stress pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of AMF on Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino, a tree species with significant potential for afforestation of coastal area. The Z. serrata seedlings inoculated with three AMF strains (Funneliformis mosseae 1, Funneliformis mosseae 2, and Diversispora tortuosa) were subjected to two salt treatments (0 and 100 mM NaCl) under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the three AMF strains had positive effects, to a certain extent, on plant growth and photosynthesis under normal condition. However, only F. mosseae 1 and F. mosseae 2 alleviated the inhibition of growth, photosynthesis, and nutrient uptake of Z. serrata seedlings under salt stress. The two AMF strains mitigated salt-induced adverse effects on seedlings mainly by increasing the leaf photosynthetic ability and biomass accumulation by reducing Na+ content, increasing P, K+, and Mg2+ content, as well as by enhancing photosynthetic pigments content and the stomatal conductance of leaves. These results indicated that AMF inoculation is a promising strategy for the afforestation of coastal areas in Eastern China.

scholarly journals The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on Euterpe oleracea mart. (açaí) seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ying Chu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Black Plastic

With the objective of verifying the response of Euterpe oleracea seedlings to seven arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, an experimental trial was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of E. oleracea were sown in carbonized rice husk. Germinating seeds were initially transferred to plastic cups, containing fumigated Reddish Yellow Quartz Sand and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Two months later, seedlings were transferred to 2 kg black plastic bags, containing the same soil without fumigation. Plant growth and mineral nutrients were evaluated nine months after mycorrhizal inoculation. Differential effects were observed among the species tested, with Scutellispora gilmorei being the most effective ones in promoting growth and nutrient content of E. oleracea seedlings. The increment resulted from inoculation with S. gilmorei were 92% in total plant height, 116% in stem diameter, 361% in dry matter production, 191% in N, 664% in P, 46% in K, 562% in Ca, 363% in Mg and 350% in Zn contents, comparing to uninoculated controls. Infected root length was positively correlated to nutrient content and plant growth. It was concluded that growth and nutrient uptake of E. oleracea seedlings could be significantly improved by inoculation of effective arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals Influence of bioproducts and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of sweet cherry trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Sławomir Głuszek ◽  
Edyta Derkowska ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Mirosław Sitarek ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cherry Trees

The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.

Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Abeer ◽  
E. F. Abd_Allah ◽  
A. A. Alqarawi ◽  
Dilfuza Egamberdieva
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Efficient Protection

The aim of present study was to examine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and some key physio-biochemical attributes in cowpea (<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> [L.] Walp.) subjected to salt stress. Salt stress (200 mM NaCl) reduced growth, biomass, relative water content and chlorophyll pigment content in cowpea leaves. AMF ameliorated the negative impact of salinity on the growth parameters studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) enhanced under salt stress and AMF inoculation further enhanced their activity, thus strengthening the plant’s defense system. Proline content increased in salt stressed plants as well as AMF-inoculated plants providing efficient protection against salt stress. Besides this AMF also increased uptake of mineral elements which have direct impact on the osmoregulation of the plants. The present study shows that AMF possesses the potential to enhance salt tolerance of cowpea.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Regulate Flowering of Hyacinths orientalis L. Anna Marie

2018 ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-Miao Xie, Q.-Sheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Flower Stem ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent positive effects on growth performance, nutrient absorption and stressed tolerance of host plants, whereas it is not clear whether AMF can affect flowering traits of ornamental plants. In this work, Diversispora spurca, D. versiformis, and Funneliformis mosseae were applied to rhizosphere of potted hyacinth (Hyacinths orientalis L. Anna Marie) plants. After four months of mycorrhizal inoculation, root could be colonized by exogenous AMF species, varied from 38% to 49%, whilst F. mosseae had the best mycorrhizal status. Out of these AMF species used, only F. mosseae-inoculated plants recorded greater raceme length and biomass production of single flowerlet, raceme, and flower stem. F. mosseae also induced the flowering earlier in 2 days and prolonged flowering time for 3 days. D. versiformis postponed 2 days for flowering. Mycorrhizal plants recorded considerably higher acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) levels in flowers, irrespective of AMF species. F. mosseae-inoculated plants had significantly higher methyl jasmonate (MeJA) concentrations in flowers than other AMF- or non-AMF-treated plants. These results thereby conclude that F. mosseae can be used to regulate flowering of H. orientalis L. Anna Marie, including flowering earlier and prolonging flowering time, which is closely associated with IAA, ZR and MeJA levels in flowers.

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