scholarly journals Quantification of Chlorophyll and Carotene Pigments Content in Mountain Melick (Melica nutans L.) in Relation to Edaphic Variables

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Waldemar Zielewicz ◽  
Barbara Wróbel ◽  
Gniewko Niedbała
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Edaphic Variables ◽  
Β Carotene

The aim of the study was to identify and compare the content of chlorophyll and carotene pigments in mountain melick plants (Melica nutans L.) growing in two forest habitats in the Zielonka Forest Landscape Park in the Greater Poland region, which differed in soil properties and moisture. Leaf blades from the middle level of Melica nutans generative shoots were used as analytical material to measure the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene and total carotenoids. The average (±SD) content of chlorophyll a in the Melica nutans plants growing in the less fertile site (Location I) amounted to 6.67 ± 0.99 mg·g−1 DM. The average content of chlorophyll b in the same plants was 2.44 ± 0.39 mg·g−1 DM. The Melica nutans plants growing in the more fertile site (Location II) had a higher content of chlorophyll a, i.e., 7.76 ± 0.96 mg·g−1 DM, and lower content of chlorophyll b, i.e., 2.36 ± 0.26 mg·g−1 DM. The plants collected from both sites had similar content of β-carotene, i.e., 0.61 ± 0.11 mg·g−1 DM Location I and 0.62 ± 0.07 mg·g−1 DM Location II. The plants growing in the less fertile site (Location I) had significantly higher total carotene content than the plants in the more fertile site (Location II). The content of pigments in the Melica nutans plants was significantly differentiated by the meteorological conditions in the subsequent years of the research. In the first year of the research, the average content of all chlorophyll pigments in the plants was significantly higher than in the second drier year, regardless of the site.

scholarly journals A quantitative determination of the plastid pigments in higher plants

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
Green Pigments ◽  
Β Carotene

The  pigments or the plastids belong to two groups: the chlorophylls or green  pigments and the carotenoids or yellow pigments. The chlorophyll group can be  divided in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and protochlorophyll and the  carotenoid group in carotenes (principally β-carotene) and different  xanthophylls. In connection with other research work (light quality and  quantity measurements, photosynthesis, ...) it is important to determine the  chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene and xanthophyll content.    According to this method the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid  content is determined by a spectrophotometric method after extraction with  acetone. The carotenes, after extraction with petroleumether and acetone and  after separating from other pigments by column chromatography, are determined  from preleminary quantitative spectrophotometric calibrations with synthetic  β-carotene. The difference between the carotenoid content and the β-carotene  content gives the amount of xanthophylls.

Interactions between Photosynthetic Pigments Bound to Lipid and Protein Particles. Spectroscopic Properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Framçoise Techy ◽  
Monique Dinant ◽  
Jacques Aghion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The spectroscopic (visible) properties of pigment-bearing lipid and protein particles extract­ ed from milk show that: 1) chlorophylls a and b bound to separate particles can form aggregates provided their relative concentration is high enough. Neither pheophytin a nor β-carotene, in the same conditions, form observable aggregates. 2) Chlorophylls a and b can co-aggregate when they are bound to the same particles. Pheophytin a as well as β-carotene seem to prevent the aggregation of chlorophyll a. β-carotene has no effect on the aggregation of chlorophyll b.

Effect of phenol on Β-carotene content in total carotenoids production in cultivation ofRhodotorula glutinis

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong Kyun Kim ◽  
Pyoung Kyu Park ◽  
Hee Jeong Chae ◽  
Eui Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Β Carotene

CHANGES IN LEAF PIGMENTS DURING SENESCENCE AND CURING OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. COURT ◽  
JOHN G. HENDEL
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Pigment Concentrations ◽  
Oxygen Substitution ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Carotenoid Degradation

Neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, β-carotene, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were determined in samples collected at intervals from the middle of July through harvest. Harvested leaves were also sampled at intervals during flue curing for pigment determinations. Except where interrupted by rainfall or irrigation, pigment concentrations progressively declined during plant growth; this degradation was accelerated during flue curing. Carotenoid degradation during flue curing was proportional to the degree of oxygen substitution of the carotenoid. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in cured tissue were typically less than 1% of the amounts present at harvest.Key words: Carotenoids, chlorophyll, tobacco (flue-cured), flue curing, senescence

Effect of Nitrate and Ammonium Ions on the Pigment Content (Xanthophylls, Carotenes and Chlorophylls) of Ramalina Capitata

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
M. A. Sanchez-Hoyos ◽  
E. Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractThalli of Ramalina capitata were sprayed with deionized water, 10 mM solutions of KNO3 or NH4Cl, or maintained without any water supply, for 10 days under controlled conditions. The lichens without a water supply showed an increase n antheraxanthin, lutein and β-carotene. The samples treated with deionized water showed a significant increase in violaxathin, antheraxanthin and β-carotene. The lack of a significant difference in zeaxanthin could indicate the absence of de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin via antheraxanthin. Those samples treated with nitrate solution showed a significant increase in all pigments except for antheraxanthin. In contrast, ammonium treatment did not induce changes compared to water alone, except that antheraxanthin decreased. The lichens treated with nitrate exhibited a significant increase in both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, but ammonium affected only chlorophyll b.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SPECTRAL FILTERS ON LEAF PIGMENTS AND ANATOMY OF `SPEARS' CHRYSANTHEMUM

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 648g-648
Author(s):  
Margaret J. McMahon ◽  
John W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Spectral Filtering ◽  
Spectral Filters ◽  
Β Carotene

`Spears' chrysanthemums were grown in chambers fitted with double-walled exolite filled with spectral filtering solutions: a blue textile dye that absorbed red light, CuSO4·5H2O that absorbed far-red light, and H2O that was spectrally non-selective (control). Leaves of `Spears' grown under CuSO4-filters had increased chlorophyll a (23%), chlorophyll b (26%), xanthophyll (22%), and β-carotene (24%) compared to plants grown under H2O or blue-dye filters. Ratios of total carotenoid: chlorophyll and chlorophyll a: chlorophyll b were not affected by filter. Individual leaf area was reduced 25% under CuSO4 filters compared to other filters. Stomates per unit area were not affected by filters, however stomates per leaf were reduced 25% under CuSO4 filters because of leaf size reduction. Stomate length and width were not affected by filter. Leaves from plants grown under CuSO4-filters had an internal structure resembling that of sun-type leaves. Other filters induced a shade-type leaf.

Carotenoid Production by Lactoso-Negative Yeasts Co-Cultivated with Lactic Acid Bacteria in Whey Ultrafiltrate

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginka I. Frengova ◽  
Simova D. Emilina ◽  
Dora M. Beshkova
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Active Synthesis ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Cell Accumulation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Dry Cell ◽  
Β Carotene

Two strains were selected - the lactoso-negative yeast Rhodotorula rubra GED2 and the homofermentative Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei Ha1 for co-cultivation in cheese whey ultrafiltrate (WU) and active synthesis of carotenoids. Under conditions of intensive aeration (1.0 l/1 min, 220 rpm), a temperature of 30 °C, WU with 55.0 g lactose/l, initial pH = 5.5, the carotenoid content in the cells reached a maximum, when the growth of the cultures had come to an end, i.e. in the stationary phase of the yeast. The maxima for dry cell accumulation (27.0 g/l) and carotenoid formation (12.1 mg/l culture medium) did not coincide on the 5th and 6th day, respectively. A peculiarity of the carotenoid-synthesizing Rh. rubra GED2 strain, co-cultivated with L. casei Ha1, was the production of carotenoids with high β-carotene content (46.6% of total carotenoids) and 10.7% and 36.9% for torulene and torularhodin, respectively.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Content in Cherry Tomatoes Correlated to the Color Space Values L*, a*, b*: A Non-destructive Method of Estimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Shilpa Pandurangaiah ◽  
Sadashiva A T ◽  
Shivashankar K S ◽  
SudhakarRao D V ◽  
Ravishankar K V
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Cherry Tomatoes

Cherry tomatoes are rich sources of carotenoids. The carotenoids are known to be precursors of vitamin A and also act as an antioxidant. It is important to visually judge the tomato surface color for higher β carotene content since this is the major provitamin AA carotenoid. Estimation of carotenoids by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and spectrophotometric methods in tomatoes are very expensive and time consuming. Therefore, colorimeters can be used to describe the color and determine the carotenoid content in a relatively easy and inexpensive manner. The objective of this study was to determine, if the carotenoid content within cherry tomatoes measured by conventional method could correlate with colorimetric CIE (Commission International del’Eclairage) L*, a*, b* color space values. Strong correlations were found between color surface value a* and total carotenoids (0.82) and lycopene content (0.87). We also observed positive correlation for the b* color value with β carotene (0.86). The L* value was negatively correlated (-0.78) with an increase in carotenoids. These close associations between color space values L*, a*, b* and carotenoids will help the breeders to quickly screen large germplasm/ breeding lines in their breeding program for improvement in carotenoid content through this time saving, inexpensive and nondestructive method at fully ripe stage.

scholarly journals The Effect of Differentiated Nutrition on the Content of Antioxidants in Broccoli

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Anton Uher ◽  
Miroslav Šlosár ◽  
Tomáš Lošák ◽  
Jaroslav Hlušek
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Β Carotene

The aim of this work is to determine the impact of differentiated nutrition, using different rates of nitrogen and sulphur, on the level of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E1 (α-tocopherol), vitamin C and β-carotene in the broccoli rosette. The experimental broccoli variety was Tiburon F1. It is a strong medium-late variety with a vegetation period of 82 days. In the 3-year field trial we observed the effects of different rates of nitrogen and sulphur on the amount of antioxidant compounds in broccoli. The experiment consisted of four fertilisation treatments: 1) unfertilised control, 2) fertilised with 200 kg N.ha−1, 3) also fertilized with 200 kg N.ha−1 and supplemented with 50 kg S.ha−1, 4) 200 kg.ha−1 and 60 kg S.ha−1 was applied. To determine the amount of β-carotene and vitamin E1, the slightly modified method of Olives Barb et al. (2006) was used. The vitamin C content was determined by titration. Nitrogen nutrition has a significant impact not only on the amount of harvested broccoli, but also on the content of β-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E1. The average content of β-carotene for the entire experimental period ranged from 24.84 mg.kg−1 to 30.13 mg.kg−1 of fresh mass. The content of β-carotene in broccoli rosettes increased as per the following order of treatments: control > N:S (200:50 kg.ha−1) > N:S (200:60 kg.ha−1) > N (kg.ha−1). The β-carotene content increased significantly only in treatment 2 (30.13 mg.kg−1) as compared to all the other treatments. The level of vitamin C revealed the significant effect of fertilisation in all the treatments (567.9–614.2 mg.kg−1) in contrast to the control variant (528.4 mg.kg−1). What is more, in treatment 4 the content of vitamin C increased significantly in contrast to fertilised treatments 2 and 3. The average content of vitamin E1 ranged from 4.33 mg.kg−1 to 4.88 mg.kg−1 of fresh mass. There were no significant differences among the untreated control and fertilised treatments 2 and 3. The only significant decrease in the content of vitamin E1 was detected in treatment 4 as against the unfertilised treatment 1.

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