scholarly journals A quantitative determination of the plastid pigments in higher plants

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
Green Pigments ◽  
Β Carotene

The  pigments or the plastids belong to two groups: the chlorophylls or green  pigments and the carotenoids or yellow pigments. The chlorophyll group can be  divided in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and protochlorophyll and the  carotenoid group in carotenes (principally β-carotene) and different  xanthophylls. In connection with other research work (light quality and  quantity measurements, photosynthesis, ...) it is important to determine the  chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene and xanthophyll content.    According to this method the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid  content is determined by a spectrophotometric method after extraction with  acetone. The carotenes, after extraction with petroleumether and acetone and  after separating from other pigments by column chromatography, are determined  from preleminary quantitative spectrophotometric calibrations with synthetic  β-carotene. The difference between the carotenoid content and the β-carotene  content gives the amount of xanthophylls.

Etude sur la teneur en pigment de frênes qui croissent dans des conditions différentes

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Light Quantity ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
The One ◽  
Green Pigments

Pigment content of ashes grown up under different circumstances - The pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b,  xanthophyll and carotene) has been researched with ashes grown up under  different light circumstances and varying in age and height.     The results prove that the general laws concerning the influence of light  on the pigment content, don’t always work.     The phenomen is very complex. The light quantity is very important in some  cases, but insignificant in others. It seems origin and height of plants have  a strong influence. The results prove also the influence of the environment  is much higher on small plants as on big ones.     The research indicates finally the correlation between the green pigments,  the yellow pigments, and between the green pigments on the one side and the  yellow ones on the other side.

scholarly journals Quantification of Chlorophyll and Carotene Pigments Content in Mountain Melick (Melica nutans L.) in Relation to Edaphic Variables

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Waldemar Zielewicz ◽  
Barbara Wróbel ◽  
Gniewko Niedbała
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Edaphic Variables ◽  
Β Carotene

The aim of the study was to identify and compare the content of chlorophyll and carotene pigments in mountain melick plants (Melica nutans L.) growing in two forest habitats in the Zielonka Forest Landscape Park in the Greater Poland region, which differed in soil properties and moisture. Leaf blades from the middle level of Melica nutans generative shoots were used as analytical material to measure the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene and total carotenoids. The average (±SD) content of chlorophyll a in the Melica nutans plants growing in the less fertile site (Location I) amounted to 6.67 ± 0.99 mg·g−1 DM. The average content of chlorophyll b in the same plants was 2.44 ± 0.39 mg·g−1 DM. The Melica nutans plants growing in the more fertile site (Location II) had a higher content of chlorophyll a, i.e., 7.76 ± 0.96 mg·g−1 DM, and lower content of chlorophyll b, i.e., 2.36 ± 0.26 mg·g−1 DM. The plants collected from both sites had similar content of β-carotene, i.e., 0.61 ± 0.11 mg·g−1 DM Location I and 0.62 ± 0.07 mg·g−1 DM Location II. The plants growing in the less fertile site (Location I) had significantly higher total carotene content than the plants in the more fertile site (Location II). The content of pigments in the Melica nutans plants was significantly differentiated by the meteorological conditions in the subsequent years of the research. In the first year of the research, the average content of all chlorophyll pigments in the plants was significantly higher than in the second drier year, regardless of the site.

scholarly journals Impact of Moroccan Crocus sativus L. tepals, corms, and stigmas extract on growth and photosynthetic pigments in tomato seedling

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amine Khoulati ◽  
E. Saalaoui
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
By Products ◽  
Crocus Sativus L

An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse to study the effect of aqueous extracts of Crocus sativus L. by-products on tomato plants. Three concentrations of tepals and corms were used by fertigation: 1 g/L, 2 g/L, and 3 g/L. The aqueous extract of the stigmas was used as a foliar application at 0.6 g/L. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block with three repetitions for each concentration. The concentration of tepal extract at 3 g/L significantly (p≤0.05) increased the plants' height, the chlorophyll a, b content. The same results were observed for the foliar treatment with stigmas; however, there was no effect of tepal extract on the carotenoid content. On the other hand, the concentration 2 g/L of the corms extract had a positive impact (p≤0.05) in the chlorophyll b content while the concentration of 3 g/L increased the plant's height, the chlorophyll a (p≤0.05). Current results indicate that Crocus sativus by-products could improve certain physiological aspects of the recipient plants and new and natural biostimulants.

Interactions between Photosynthetic Pigments Bound to Lipid and Protein Particles. Spectroscopic Properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Framçoise Techy ◽  
Monique Dinant ◽  
Jacques Aghion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The spectroscopic (visible) properties of pigment-bearing lipid and protein particles extract­ ed from milk show that: 1) chlorophylls a and b bound to separate particles can form aggregates provided their relative concentration is high enough. Neither pheophytin a nor β-carotene, in the same conditions, form observable aggregates. 2) Chlorophylls a and b can co-aggregate when they are bound to the same particles. Pheophytin a as well as β-carotene seem to prevent the aggregation of chlorophyll a. β-carotene has no effect on the aggregation of chlorophyll b.

scholarly journals How Pre-Harvest Inactivated Yeast Treatment May Influence the Norisoprenoid Aroma Potential in Wine Grapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3369
Author(s):  
Pasquale Crupi ◽  
Marika Santamaria ◽  
Fernando Vallejo ◽  
Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán ◽  
Gianvito Masi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Italian Wine ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are important secondary metabolites in wine grapes and play a key role as potential precursors of aroma compounds (i.e., C13-norisoprenoids), which have a high sensorial impact in wines. There is scarce information about the influence of pre-harvest inactivated yeast treatment on the norisoprenoid aroma potential of grapes. Thus, this work aimed to study the effect of the foliar application of yeast extracts (YE) to Negro Amaro and Primitivo grapevines on the carotenoid content during grape ripening and the difference between the resulting véraison and maturity (ΔC). The results showed that β-carotene and (allE)-lutein were the most abundant carotenoids in all samples, ranging from 60% to 70% of total compounds. Their levels, as well as those of violaxanthin, (9′Z)-neoxanthin, and 5,6-epoxylutein, decreased during ripening. This was especially observed in treated grapes, with ΔC values from 2.6 to 4.2-fold higher than in untreated grapes. Besides this, a principal components analysis (PCA) demonstrated that lutein, β-carotene, and violaxanthin and (9′Z)-neoxanthin derivatives principally characterized Negro Amaro and Primitivo, respectively. Thereby, the YE treatment has proved to be effective in improving the C13-norisoprenoid aroma potentiality of Negro Amaro and Primitivo, which are fundamental cultivars in the context of Italian wine production.

CHANGES IN LEAF PIGMENTS DURING SENESCENCE AND CURING OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. COURT ◽  
JOHN G. HENDEL
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Pigment Concentrations ◽  
Oxygen Substitution ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Carotenoid Degradation

Neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, β-carotene, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were determined in samples collected at intervals from the middle of July through harvest. Harvested leaves were also sampled at intervals during flue curing for pigment determinations. Except where interrupted by rainfall or irrigation, pigment concentrations progressively declined during plant growth; this degradation was accelerated during flue curing. Carotenoid degradation during flue curing was proportional to the degree of oxygen substitution of the carotenoid. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in cured tissue were typically less than 1% of the amounts present at harvest.Key words: Carotenoids, chlorophyll, tobacco (flue-cured), flue curing, senescence

Effect of Nitrate and Ammonium Ions on the Pigment Content (Xanthophylls, Carotenes and Chlorophylls) of Ramalina Capitata

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
M. A. Sanchez-Hoyos ◽  
E. Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractThalli of Ramalina capitata were sprayed with deionized water, 10 mM solutions of KNO3 or NH4Cl, or maintained without any water supply, for 10 days under controlled conditions. The lichens without a water supply showed an increase n antheraxanthin, lutein and β-carotene. The samples treated with deionized water showed a significant increase in violaxathin, antheraxanthin and β-carotene. The lack of a significant difference in zeaxanthin could indicate the absence of de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin via antheraxanthin. Those samples treated with nitrate solution showed a significant increase in all pigments except for antheraxanthin. In contrast, ammonium treatment did not induce changes compared to water alone, except that antheraxanthin decreased. The lichens treated with nitrate exhibited a significant increase in both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, but ammonium affected only chlorophyll b.

scholarly journals ВМІСТ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧНИХ ПІГМЕНТІВ У ЛИСТКАХ ГРЕЧКИ ЗА ДІЇ БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
V. P. Karpenko ◽  
I. I. Mostoviak ◽  
A. A. Datsenko ◽  
R. M. Prytuliak ◽  
O. I. Zabolotnyi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The article presents the results of a field experiment to study the effects of different rates of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin under different methods of using the plant growth regulator Radostim (seed treatment before sowing and spraying crops) on the content of chlorophyll a and b in buckwheat leaves of Yelena variety, their sum and carotenoids. Determination of chlorophyll a and b, their sum and carotenoids was performed in selected samples of buckwheat leaves in the field conditions, in the phases of stem branching and the beginning of flowering according to the method described by V.F. Gavrylenko and T.V. Zhyhalova using a spectrophotometer. The pigment concentration was calculated from Holm-Wettstein's equations for 100 % acetone. It was found that the content of photosynthetic pigments in buckwheat leaves is conditioned by the weather, rates and methods of application of the studied microbial preparations and phases of plant development. In particular, the analysis of chlorophyll and carotenoid content in the early flowering phase of buckwheat plants showed a significant increase compared to the phase of stem branching, which may be due to increased physiological and biochemical processes in plants, against the background of improving mineral nutrition, growth and plant development. Thus, with the multiple use of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin in the rates of 150, 175 and 200 ml and the stimulator of plant growth Radostim in the rate of 250 ml / t for seed treatment before sowing, the content of chlorophylls a and b, their sum and carotenoids with increasing application of Diazobacterin increased and the excess relative to control ranged within: 29–31 % for chlorophyll a; 10–11 % for chlorophyll b; 24–26 % for their sum and 23–24 % for carotenoids. At the same time, with a complex application for pre-sowing seed treatment of a mixture of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin in the rate of 200 ml per hectare of seeds with the stimulator of plant growth Radostym in the rate of 250 ml / t followed by spraying on this background crops the stimulator of plant growth Radostim in the rate of 50 ml / ha buckwheat leaves form the highest content of chlorophyll a in comparison with the control (40 %); chlorophyll b (15 %); the sum of chlorophyll a + b (33 %) and carotenoids (29 %). These data indicate the creation of more favorable conditions for physiological and biochemical processes in plants, including photosynthesis, with the direct positive effect of which, functionally active pigment complex of the leaf apparatus of buckwheat is formed.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SPECTRAL FILTERS ON LEAF PIGMENTS AND ANATOMY OF `SPEARS' CHRYSANTHEMUM

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 648g-648
Author(s):  
Margaret J. McMahon ◽  
John W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Spectral Filtering ◽  
Spectral Filters ◽  
Β Carotene

`Spears' chrysanthemums were grown in chambers fitted with double-walled exolite filled with spectral filtering solutions: a blue textile dye that absorbed red light, CuSO4·5H2O that absorbed far-red light, and H2O that was spectrally non-selective (control). Leaves of `Spears' grown under CuSO4-filters had increased chlorophyll a (23%), chlorophyll b (26%), xanthophyll (22%), and β-carotene (24%) compared to plants grown under H2O or blue-dye filters. Ratios of total carotenoid: chlorophyll and chlorophyll a: chlorophyll b were not affected by filter. Individual leaf area was reduced 25% under CuSO4 filters compared to other filters. Stomates per unit area were not affected by filters, however stomates per leaf were reduced 25% under CuSO4 filters because of leaf size reduction. Stomate length and width were not affected by filter. Leaves from plants grown under CuSO4-filters had an internal structure resembling that of sun-type leaves. Other filters induced a shade-type leaf.

scholarly journals Genetic Association between Foliage Yield and Contributing Traits in Vegetable Chenopods: Implications for Genetic Improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Atul BHARGAVA ◽  
Francisco FUENTES ◽  
Sudhir SHUKLA ◽  
Shilpi SRIVASTAVA ◽  
Deepak OHRI
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Positive Direct

A two-year study was conducted to evaluate the foliage yield potential in 13 germplasm lines of Chenopodium album for 3 successive cuttings. Correlations among foliage yield and its contributing traits, along with path analysis was also worked out. Foliage yield was maximum for C. album IC 107297, followed by C. album H.P. and C. album amaranticolor. The genotype × year interaction was non-significant for all the traits except stem diameter and moisture content. Leaf size, plant height and stem diameter showed significant positive correlation with foliage yield both at phenotypic and genotypic levels in all the cuttings. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b showed positive association with carotenoid content and negative association with ascorbic acid in all the cuttings as well as on pooled basis. Significant negative association was observed between leaves/plant and foliage yield at genotypic level in all the cuttings (Ist cutting: -0.472*; IInd cutting: -0.414*; IIIrd cutting: -0.480*) as well as on pooled basis (-0.591**). Protein content negatively affected foliage yield in all the cuttings. Fibre content had high negative value of direct path for pooled data but positively influenced foliage yield indirectly via leaves/plant, stem diameter, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and protein content. Ascorbic acid positively affected yield in Ist cutting as well as on pooled basis. Leaf size had high positive direct effect and significant positive association with foliage yield that indicates a true relationship between these traits. Leaf size also indirectly affected foliage yield in a positive direction through majority of other traits. Thus, direct selection for leaf size should be exercised to bring about improvement in foliage yield in C. album.

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