scholarly journals Efficiency of Wood-Processing Enterprises—Evaluation Based on DEA and MPI: A Comparison between Slovakia and Bulgaria for the Period 2014–2018

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Stanislava Krišťáková ◽  
Nikolay Neykov ◽  
Petar Antov ◽  
Mariana Sedliačiková ◽  
Roman Reh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

The ongoing transition to a low-carbon, sustainable forest-based economy, and the adoption of circular bioeconomy principles in the wood-processing industry is associated with the optimization of natural resources, application of environmentally sustainable production technologies, adoption of technological and organizational innovations, and increased economic efficiency and competitiveness. The implementation of all these measures can help to reach the biggest challenge of our time in the fight against climate change in a cost-effective and competitive way. The aim of this study was to estimate the technical efficiency of wood-processing companies in the Slovak Republic and the Republic of Bulgaria by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist productivity index (MPI), and to reveal some factors for efficiency improvements. The economic efficiency evaluation based on official data was performed using selected indices of four wood-processing companies in each country in the period 2014–2018. The study implemented an output-oriented DEA model with constant returns to scale as a nonparametric linear approach for measuring the efficiency of production decision-making units (DMUs). The results obtained revealed that the studied Slovak companies were more efficient with better management in terms of machinery planning and overhead utilization. Markedly, the Bulgarian companies achieved better materials management and current planning quality. Increased economic efficiency of wood-processing enterprises in both countries can be realized through investments in innovative technological improvements, and enhanced research and development activities.

scholarly journals Economic Efficiency of Forest Enterprises—Empirical Study Based on Data Envelopment Analysis

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Nikolay Neykov ◽  
Stanislava Krišťáková ◽  
Iveta Hajdúchová ◽  
Mariana Sedliačiková ◽  
Petar Antov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Forest Enterprises ◽  
Major Factors

Countries are forced to develop bio-based economic strategies to promote efficient use of renewable natural resources. The transition towards a sustainable forest bio-based economy is associated with resource efficiency optimization, adoption of innovative bio-based approaches in terms of technological improvements and cost effectiveness, and an opportunity to reach multiple societal challenges. This paper is focused on a comparative analysis of the forestry sector in the Republic of Bulgaria and the Slovak Republic by estimating the economic efficiency of four Bulgarian state-owned forest enterprises and four Slovak forest enterprises. The evaluation of economic efficiency was carried out using selected indicators of the studied enterprises over a period of five years. A data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach was used as a non-parametric linear technique for measuring the relative efficiency of a set of production decision-making units (DMUs). The Malmquist productivity index (MPI) was used to assess the pure efficiency changes (PEC) and technological changes (TCs) of the studied forest enterprises. Data for 2014–2018 were processed. The results obtained for the economic efficiency study outlined the major factors affecting the differences in efficiency scores. The long-term sustainability and increased economic efficiency of forest enterprises in both countries can be achieved by improvements in forest management and investments in research and development activities.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Microfinance providers in Pakistan: An Empirical Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Altaf Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Umer ◽  
Kishwar Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Efficient Frontier ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Loan Portfolio ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Loan Amount

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the efficiency of microfinance institutions in Pakistan using quarterly data from microfinance connect of second quarter of 2006 and second quarter of 2016 for comparison of two different time span. To estimate efficiency of microfinance institutions in Pakistan, the Data Envelopment Analysis are employee. Out of 52 microfinance providers in Pakistan, only 15 microfinance institutions is sample across the industry based on profile of gross loan portfolio of each microfinance provider.  to estimate the efficiency of microfinance providers in Pakistan (i.e. constant returns to scale, variable returns to scale and scale efficiency), Malmquist productivity Index and total factor productivity of the microfinance institutions, two input variables(loan amount disbursed, total staff) and output variables (gross loan portfolio and number of active borrowers) are used. The results of the study conclude that MFIs in Pakistan are working below their optimum scales measurements and only one microfinance provider (Khushali Bank) out of 15 in our sample in 2007 and (Thardeep rural support program) in 2016 works on efficient frontier and while others are inefficient. It recommended that the institutions should increase loan amount disbursed and invest resources to the train their staff. Moreover, microfinance providers should expand by increasing number of offices to assist community.

scholarly journals The Impact of Monitoring Mechanism on Efficiency Change and Productivity Growth of Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naznin Sultana Chaity ◽  
S.M. Shafiul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Monitoring Mechanism ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

This paper focuses on understanding the effects of monitoring mechanism (i.e., board quality as well as ownership structure) on efficiency and productivity changes of private commercial banks in Bangladesh over the period from 2007 to 2016. Two non-parametric methods - data envelopment analysis and malmquist productivity index - were used to determine the efficiency and productivity of private commercial banks in Bangladesh. Based on constant returns to scale, five inputs and two outputs have been used to determine the efficiency scores and to identify any improvement in productivity over the period. It was found that private commercial banks of Bangladesh are at the efficiency level of 80.84%. The productivity of all private commercial banks does not follow any trend. Out of twenty two (22) PCBs, only nine (9) banks could manage to increase productivity. Hypothesis test (one sample t-test) are conducted to validate the results. The impact of stock market crisis period on the overall productivity and efficiency of the banks is also evident.

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of operational efficiency of wood industry using data envelopment analysis and Malmquist productivity index

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jože Kropivšek ◽  
Matej Jošt ◽  
Petra Grošelj ◽  
Darko Motik ◽  
Andreja Pirc Barčić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Using Data

The wood industry, as a traditional sector, represents a very important part of the economy in terms of ensuring a sustainable development of society and transition to a low-carbon society in both countries studied, Slovenia and Croatia. For its further development, it is crucial to know the current position of the industry. The best way to achieve this is an analysis of financial data and international comparative evaluation of its operational efficiency. The aim of the research is to compare the relative efficiency of the wood industry using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MI), focusing on the Slovenian and Croatian wood industry sectors (C16 and C31) for a recent five-year period (from 2013-2017). With this purpose, the combined measure DEA/MI was applied. The analysis includes only the highest rated companies with more than fi ve employees, divided into 12 clusters regarding the company size. As a result, it was established that clusters CRO-C31- micro, CRO-C16-micro and SI-C16-larger have the highest operational efficiency, due to the effects of different financial indicators, especially activity and liquidity ratios. In general, within the grouped clusters regarding country and subsector, groups SI-C16 and CRO-C31 achieve the highest values for the average of weighted score of efficiency, while CRO-C16 achieves the lowest values.

scholarly journals Malmquist Productivity Index Approach in Assessing Performance of Commercial Banks: Evidence from Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-55
Author(s):  
Hari Prasad Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Interest Income ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Interest Expense

Using the DEA-based Malmquist total factor productivity index, this article measures the total factor productivity of Nepalese commercial banks during the period 2010-2011 to 2016-2017. It also examines whether the ownership structure and size of banks affect their efficiency. An input-oriented DEA model is used with aggregate panel data covering all the 28 commercial banks that are currently operating in Nepal. This article adopts constant returns to scale approach to measure and compare the efficiency and productivity of banks and to establish a benchmark for their performance. Interest expense, operating non-interest expense, deposits and labor are used as inputs variables and interest income, operating non-interest income and loan and advances as outputs variables. These data are extracted from the annual reports of the respective commercial banks. The mean efficiency score measured in terms of total factor productivity change resulted 1.008, which indicates that the efficiency level of Nepalese commercial banks has been increasing very slowly at the rate of 0.8% annually. Ownership structure of the banks influences marginally on the efficiency level of banks. The domestic private banks are relatively more efficient than the joint venture banks and the latter are comparatively more efficient than the public banks. The size of banks makes no significant difference in the efficiency level of banks.

scholarly journals Economic efficiency of agricultural production in Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
José R. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Allocative Inefficiency

This study measures levels of technical, allocative and economic efficiency in agricultural crop production for Brazil in 1995. A nonparametric frontier model (DEA) under constant returns to scale was used. On average, the results suggest that the sector suffers from moderate technical inefficiency and from strong allocative inefficiency. If full technical efficiency were achieved, the crop production would increase by more than 30% over that obtained in 1995. Land and labor were overutilized, while fertilizers and pesticides were underutilized. Climate, soil conditions and irrigation use affected technical efficiency levels, and education in rural areas helped explain the extent of allocative efficiency. The state of São Paulo State was the only production unit in Brazil operating in full efficiency in 1995.

scholarly journals A STUDY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN OPTOELECTRONICS INDUSTRY USING MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING METHODS

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chu LIU ◽  
An-Chin CHENG ◽  
Shih-Hui CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Decision Making Unit ◽  
The Future ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

This study assessed the operational efficiency of the optoelectronics industry in the Southern Taiwan Science Park (STSP) between 2007 and 2011 by using multiple criteria decision making methods (data envelopment analysis, Malmquist productivity index and Bootstrap). The data analysis showed that during the study period, meaning that the operational efficiency gap among manufacturers in STSP is widening. Among these manufacturers, eight manufacturers exhibited constant returns to scale, which was more than a half of the overall decision making unit (DMU), indicating that the operational scale of these manufacturers was nearing the optimal scale. Based on Malmquist productivity index (MPI) analysis, the factors that affect the operational efficiencies of optoelectronics manufacturers’ were as follow: operational cost, the number of employees, and the amount of fixed assets. The development should be focused on increasing technological efficiency and technological change in the future. Finally, based on Bootstrap, the results showed that the focus should be on the production technology while improving productive efficiency to ensure sustainable development of the entire domestic optoelectronics industry in the future.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effects of Energy and Environmental Efficiency at China’s Provincial Level

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-han Ma ◽  
Jin-chi Hsieh ◽  
Yung-ho Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Provincial Level

China’s economic development status continues to grow, but its environmental degradation issue is also becoming a global concern. This study uses dynamic network data envelopment analysis (DN-DEA) to evaluate the energy using efficiency and environmental efficiency in China over the period 2014–2017. The result shows that the former is greater than the latter for all years. This study utilizes a policy-oriented matrix to find the relationship between energy efficiency and Malmquist productivity index (MPI), showing that Chongqing and 13 other provinces have relatively poor energy efficiency, and they therefore must formulate a more effective energy policy to improve undesirable gas emissions. Shanghai and 6 other provinces exhibit relatively good energy efficiency, but are not progressing in MPI, and hence they must develop a stable energy strategy to avoid different efficiencies of catch-up and frontier-shift across time periods. High energy-consuming industries must also choose a low-carbon energy strategy so that they can promote economic development, while taking into account environmental protection in China’s provincial level.

scholarly journals Circular economy opportunities for economic efficiency improvement in wood-based panel industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Neykov ◽  
Petar Antov ◽  
Viktor Savov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Great Volume ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Biomass Availability

The enhanced technological possibilities to utilise wood waste and residues in the production of wood-based panels can help towards the transition to a circular, low-carbon bioeconomy. The cascading use of wood resources, defined as “the efficient utilisation of resources by using residues and recycled materials for material use to extend total biomass availability within a given system” is one of the leading principles for achieving this goal. The wood-based panel industry is characterised by significant amounts of waste and residues that present a great volume potential for cascading. The aim of the present study is to define the basic guidelines for cascading use of wood waste from the production of wood-based panels and analyse the economic impact in terms of economic efficiency in line with the circular and bioeconomy principles. Time series analysis of wood waste and raw material flows in the Republic of Bulgaria, economic assessment of the current utilisation of wood waste in the wood-based panel industry along with comparative analysis of the potential utilization methods have been presented. The existing technical and market barriers to the cascading use of wood have also been discussed.

scholarly journals Relaxing constraints as a conservation policy

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Groom ◽  
Charles Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Conservation Policy ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Relative Prices ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Technological Constraints ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

AbstractEco-entrepreneurs in developing countries are often subject to market or institutional constraints such as missing markets. Conservation interventions which relax constraints may be both cost effective and poverty reducing. A simulation using data from an intervention in Madagascar to relax the technological constraints of forest honey production investigates this possibility. Cost-effectively achieving dual environment-development goals is shown to depend on the severity of constraints, relative prices, along with the nature and efficiency in use of technology. Success is more likely for technologies exhibiting close to constant returns to scale or high-input complementarity. Forest honey does not meet these requirements. Ultimately, where market or institutional constraints are present, knowledge of the recipient technology is required for more informed, efficient and perhaps more politically acceptable conservation policy.

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