Current Challenges and Prospects of Indonesian Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs): A Review

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) management can lead to various benefits for community livelihood and forest sustainability. However, such management has not been carried out optimally and sustainably in Indonesia, due to various limiting factors including ineffective policies, undeveloped cultivation technologies, and inadequate innovation in processing technologies. Further, the diversity of NTFPs species requires that policy-makers determine the priority species to be developed. Agarwood (Aquilaria spp. and Gyrinops spp.), benzoin (Styrax spp.), sandalwood (Santalum album L.), and cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) are aromatic NTFPs species in Indonesia that forest-dwellers have utilized across generations. This paper reviews the current governance, cultivation systems, processing and valuation, and benefits and uses of these species. We also highlights the future challenges and prospects of these NTFPs species, which are expected to be useful in designing NTFPs governance, in order to maximize the associated benefits for the farmers and all related stakeholders.

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Pemanfaatan Getah Pinus dan Perannya Terhadap Penghidupan Masyarakat di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

ULIN Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.32522/ujht.v5i1.4151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Tajuddin Tajuddin

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Forest Products ◽

Primary Data ◽

Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽

Pine Resin ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Forest Sustainability ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Quantitative Descriptive

Pine forest in South Sulawesi is one of the evidence of successful reforestation and has been utilized by the community in the form of tapping pine resin. This article explains the permits types of the utilization/collection of pine resin by the community, the role of pine resin in community livelihoods, and various problems in the utilization of pine resin by the community in South Sulawesi. Qualitative/quantitative descriptive analysis is used to analyze primary data obtained through interviews and secondary data analysis obtained from relevant agencies. We found that the utilization/collection of pine resin in South Sulawesi by the community used four schemes or permits types, namely: Business License for Non-Timber Forest Product Utilization, Licence for Collection of Non-Timber Forest Products, Social Forestry Schemes Permits, and Cooperation of Forest Utilization. Furthermore, for the community livelihoods, utilization/collection of pine resin has provided extra incomes and employment for local communities and workers from outside. However, labor limitations, fluctuations in the price of pine resin, relying on the community on business partners, and tapping techniques that contradict the principle of forest sustainability is still becoming the problems in the utilization/collection of pine resin in South Sulawesi.

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SISTEM INSENTIF JASA LINGKUNGAN DI HUTAN LARANGAN ADAT RUMBIO KABUPATEN KAMPAR, RIAU

Wahana Forestra Jurnal Kehutanan ◽

10.31849/forestra.v12i1.203 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 56-75

Author(s):

Enny Insusanty ◽

Emy Sadjati

Keyword(s):

Forest Conservation ◽

Forest Products ◽

Survey Method ◽

Environmental Services ◽

Ahp Method ◽

Incentive Programs ◽

Forest Sustainability ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Depth Interviews

The Indigenous Prohibited Forestof Rumbio provide benefits for the community in the form of non-timber forest products and environmental services in the form of water resources, but amid the increasing demand for land and economic demands put pressure on forests that threaten forest sustainability. Therefore, this study examines the factors that influence the participation of surrounding communities in conservation and environmental management activities and environmental services incentive system that can be adopted in the Indigenous Prohibited F orestof Rumbio. The method used in this research is survey method with questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Data analysis is descriptive using AHP method and multiple linear regression. This study result in that developed incentive programs for people around. The Indigenous Prohibited Forest of Rumbio in the framework of forest conservation are employment (24.17%), subsidy in second rank (20.15%) and improvement of conservation techniques in third rank (18. 90%). Factors that significantly influence the participation of respondents are education, knowledge, level of dependence on forests, customary institutions. Incentives are directed to the payment of environmental services by granting rights in the management of environmental services such as water use, non-timber forest product development, and tourism and education activities involving the community.

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Assessment of the Role of Environmental factors and Associated Plants for the Mass Cultivation of Santalum album L in Nepal and India

Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews ◽

10.31579/2692-9406/016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 01-15

Author(s):

Roshan Yadav

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Forest Products ◽

Santalum Album ◽

Mass Cultivation ◽

The Family ◽

Santalum Album L

Sandalwood (White Sandal) is the fragrant heartwood of some species of genus Santalum. The widely distributed and economically important Santalum genus belongs to the family Santalaceae which includes 30 genera with about 400 species, many of which being completely or partially parasitic (John, 1947). The word Sandal has been derived from Chandana (Sanskrit), Chandan (Persian), Savtador (Greek) and Santal (French). There are references of Sandalwood in Indian mythology, folklore and ancient scripts. ‘Chandana’ the Sanskrit name ascribed to Santalum album L. was known and used in India from the earliest historic times and is frequently mentioned in the ancient Sanskrit writings, some of which dated before Christian era. Kautilya’s Arthashastra (320 B.C.) considered Sandal as one of the important forest products to increase royal revenue.

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Kesesuaian lahan untuk pengembangan tanaman kayu putih dan implikasinya terhadap teknik silvikultur

Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) ◽

10.29244/jpsl.10.1.43-51 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 43-51

Author(s):

Ronggo Sadono ◽

Djoko Soeprijadi ◽

Pandu Yudha Adi Putra Wirabuana

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Forest Products ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Land Suitability ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Forest Industry ◽

Strategy Study ◽

Construction Plant ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

Cajuput is a plant that plays an important role for forest industry development. Its leaves contain essential oil and become one of the non-timber forest products. The productivity of cajuput leaves is affected by certain factors, one of them are the level of land suitability. This study investigated the land suitability for cajuput establishment and its inference on silviculture strategy. Study location was situated in Forest Resort Gubugrubuh, Gunungkidul District. Data collection was conducted in 3 site that converted as the priority site of cajuput plantation namely site 75, site 78, and site 80. We used 6 indicator of land attributes including altitude, slope, rainfall, temperature, soil acidity, and soil organic carbon. The assessment of land suitability was determined by qualitative approach using storie and root square method. The result showed the level of land suitability was classified into N1 (currently not suitable) referring to the storie method, meanwhile it was categorized into S3 (marginally suitable) according to the root square method. This study also discovered the distinctive land attributes which became the limiting factors of cajuput growth in each site. The best silviculture strategies for supporting cajuput development in each site were terrace construction, plant distance management, and fertilization.

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Illegal rattan extraction trends in the Ankasa Conservation Area in Ghana

Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management ◽

10.26796/jenrm.v2i3.49 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 84-92

Author(s):

R. Obour, D. Amankwaa, A. Asare

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Forest Products ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Techniques ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

The North ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

Protected Areas (PAs) are created for the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, but many of Ghana’s PAs are subjectto severe pressures and threats, the main pressures being the illegal extraction of natural resources. Rattans are indisputablyone of the most important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Ghana’s Protected Areas that is without doubt one of thereasons for which it has drawn the attention of researchers. In this study the illegal rattan extraction patterns in the AnkasaConservation Area (ACA) in Ghana was inspected. Simple random sampling and Snowball sampling techniques were used. Datacollection employed the use of semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field enumeration of rattans as well as an analysisof Effective Patrol Man-days (EPMDS) from 2004 to 2012. The results showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75, p<0.05, r2 = 0.557) between patrol effort and rattan extraction encounters. In addition, there was a general reduction in illegalrattan extraction encounters from 2004 to 2012 at a rate of 4.3 per year. The highest illegal rattan extraction incidences wererecorded in 2006 (76 encounters), 2005 (35 encounters), 2008 (22 encounters), 2004 (18 encounters) and the least incidencewere recorded in both 2010 (3 encounters) and 2011 (3 encounters).The research also revealed that Eremospatha macrocarpawas the most extracted rattan species followed by Laccosperma secundiflorum. The major rattan extraction and trade routesoriginate in the northern parts and in the area east of the reserve and also south of Draw River Forest Reserve. Generally, rattanpoaching in Ankasa Conservation Area has declined, but there are still human incursions in the northern part of the reserve. Thestudy recommended an intensification of patrols in the north of the reserve. Also, enrichment planting and Agroforestry practicesof inter-cropping rattans with seasonal crops should be pursued vigorously for the local communities.

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Market Survey of Non-Timber Forest Products in the Sunyani Municipality

Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management ◽

10.26796/jenrm.v3i2.58 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 44-53

Author(s):

S.D. Akoto

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Forest Products ◽

Packaging Materials ◽

Medicinal Products ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Rural Livelihood ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Communal Lands ◽

Forest Lands

This study sought to: (1) identify the types and sources of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) traded; (2) find the frequencyof the NTFPs trade and (3) identify the challenges in NTFPs trading in the Sunyani Municipality. The survey was carried outfrom February, 2014 to April, 2014 mainly at the Sunyani Central and Nana Bosoma Markets in the Sunyani Municipality. Thetarget population comprised NTFPs collectors (gatherers), sellers and consumers. Respondents were purposively sampled. Atotal of 100 respondents were engaged in this study. The NTFPs were grouped into six categories namely; food, medicine,building materials, packaging materials, artefacts and domestic utensils. Key informants’ interviews were also conducted atthe Sunyani Forest Services Division to triangulate the data already gathered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was usedto analyze the data obtained. The study demonstrated that domestic utensils (37%), food (33%), medicinal products (12%),packaging materials (9%), artefacts (6%) and building materials (3%) were the types of NTFPs traded in the two market centers.The results also showed that majority of the respondents (77%) harvest their NTFPs from forest lands as against 23% whoharvest from communal lands. A significant proportion of the respondents (52%) traded in above 40 kg of NTFPs and only 4%were seen trading in 10 kg of NTFPs. The study further highlighted that food (28%) and domestic utensils (26%) were regularlybrought to the market centers on weekly basis whilst significant proportions of medicinal products (9%), building materials(3%) and artefacts (4%) were brought to the market venues on monthly basis. Cumbersome permit procedure (40%), increasedmarket demand (15%) and financial constraints (20%) were identified as some of the challenges encountered in NTFPs tradingin the Sunyani Municipality. To ensure strict monitoring and sustainability of the resource, there is the need for sensitizationprogramme on the importance of NTFPs in rural livelihood and why their conservation is vital in meeting the needs of thepresent generation whilst not undermining their potential in supplying the needs of future generations.

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Histochemical basis of the distinct anatomical features and characterization of primary and secondary metabolites during somatic embryogenesis in Santalum album L.

Trees ◽

10.1007/s00468-021-02199-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manokari M. ◽

Saurabhkumar R. Mehta ◽

Priyadharshini S. ◽

Mahesh Kumar Badhepuri ◽

Jayaprakash K. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Santalum Album ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽

Santalum Album L

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Optimization of Different Factors for Initiation of Somatic Embryogenesis in Suspension Cultures in Sandalwood (Santalum album L.)

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7050118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 118

Author(s):

Manoj Kumar Tripathi ◽

Niraj Tripathi ◽

Sushma Tiwari ◽

Gyanendra Tiwari ◽

Nishi Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Suspension ◽

Nutrient Medium ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Cell Suspension Cultures ◽

Suspension Cultures ◽

Embryonic Axis ◽

Santalum Album ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Santalum Album L ◽

Embryogenic Tissues

Santalum album (L.) is a prized tropical tree species of high therapeutic and industrial importance. The wood of these naturally grown plants is extensively harvested to acquire therapeutically important metabolite santalol and be used for additional functions such as in wood statuette industries. Due to high demand, it is crucial to maintain a sufficient plant population. An easy protocol for establishing cell suspension culture initiated from the loose embryogenic callus mass of sandalwood was realized by shifting 6–8-week-old morphogenic calli acquired from the mature embryonic axis and cotyledon explant cultures in fluid media. The asynchronous embryogenic cultures were sloughed with clumps of flourishing cell clumps and embryos of various progressive phases along with diffident non-embryogenic tissues. The frequency of embryo proliferation was evidenced to determinethe expansion pace of embryogenic masses under diverse conditions. The intonation of initiation and creation of cell suspension was under the directive of the influence of exogenous plant growth regulators amended in the nutrient medium at different concentrations and combinations. Maximum relative growth rate (386%) and clumps/embryoids in elevated integers (321.44) were accomplished on MS nutrient medium fortified with 2.0 mg L−1 2,4-D in association with 0.5 mg L−1 BA and 30.0 g L−1 sucrose raised from mature embryonic axis-derived calli. Plantlet regeneration in higher frequency (84.43%) was evidenced on MS medium amended with 1.0 mg L−1 each of TDZ and GA3 in conjunction with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 20.0 g L−1 sucrose. Mature embryonic axis-derived calli were found to be constantly better than mature cotyledon-derived calli for raising profitable and reproducible cell suspension cultures. Regenerants displayed normal growth and morphology and were founded successfully in the external environment after hardening.

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