Eucalyptus Amplifolia and Corymbia Torelliana in the Southeastern USA: Genetic Improvement and Potential Uses

Eucalyptus amplifolia and Corymbia torelliana genetic improvement has been conducted in the lower southeastern USA by UF and collaborators since 1980. The collective accomplishments in genetic resources and potential commercial uses are summarized. For example, fast-growing, freeze-resilient E. amplifolia seeds are provided by 1st and 2nd generation seedling seed orchards (SSO) and a 2nd generation clonal seed orchard (CSO), while C. torelliana seed are available from 1st and 2nd generation SSOs. Breeding values (BV) have been developed for guiding the deployment of improved genotypes. Collaborative genetic improvement of these species is ongoing, including testing E. amplifolia in 11 countries and development of hybrid clones. Short Rotation Woody Crop (SRWC) systems may increase productivity and extend uses beyond conventional mulchwood to products such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), biochar, and energywood, while other possible applications include honey production, windbreaks, dendroremediation, and carbon sequestration. C. torelliana may be paired with E. grandis in two-row windbreaks to maximum windbreak effectiveness and may sequester as much carbon as E. grandis.

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Estimation of Genetic and Phenotypic Parameters for Growth Traits in a Clonal Seed Orchard of Pinus kesiya in Malawi

ISRN Forestry ◽

10.1155/2013/346982 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edward Missanjo ◽

Gift Kamanga-Thole ◽

Vidah Manda

Keyword(s):

Growth Traits ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Direct Selection ◽

Tree Model ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Individual Level ◽

Clonal Seed Orchard ◽

Pinus Kesiya ◽

Individual Tree Model ◽

The Individual

Genetic and phenotypic parameters for height, diameter at breast height (dbh), and volume were estimated for Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon clonal seed orchard in Malawi using an ASReml program, fitting an individual tree model. The data were from 88 clones assessed at 18, 23, 30, 35, and 40 years of age. Heritability estimates for height, dbh, and volume were moderate to high ranging from 0.19 to 0.54, from 0.14 to 0.53, and from 0.20 to 0.59, respectively, suggesting a strong genetic control of the traits at the individual level, among families, and within families. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between the growth traits were significantly high and ranged from 0.69 to 0.97 and from 0.60 to 0.95, respectively. This suggests the possibility of indirect selection in trait with direct selection in another trait. The predicted genetic gains showed that the optimal rotational age of the Pinus kesiya clonal seed orchard is 30 years; therefore, it is recommended to establish a new Pinus kesiya clonal seed orchard. However, selective harvest of clones with high breeding values in the old seed orchard should be considered so that the best parents in the old orchard can continue to contribute until the new orchard is well established.

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Paternity analysis with microsatellites in a Danish Abies nordmanniana clonal seed orchard reveals dysfunctions

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x05-299 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 1054-1058 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

O K Hansen ◽

E D Kjær

Keyword(s):

Asymptotic Variance ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Paternity Analysis ◽

Effective Population ◽

Population Number ◽

Clonal Seed Orchard ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Male Gametes ◽

Abies Nordmanniana ◽

The Status

A paternity analysis using five microsatellite markers was conducted in a Danish clonal seed orchard with 13 Abies nordmanniana (Stev.) Spach clones. The purpose was to investigate potential seed-orchard dysfunctions, with special emphasis on nonequal pollen contributions and selfing. Male paternity was found for 232 seedlings germinated from seeds collected on three ramets, each of eight clones, and the relative contribution of each clone to the gene pool of male gametes was calculated. Furthermore, 49 ramets were genotyped to check for erroneous grafting. The effect of an unbalanced male contribution was quantified by means of two measures: (1) the status number (NS), which reflects buildup of coancestry in the seed-orchard crop as a result of a low number of clones and an unequal male contribution, and (2) the asymptotic variance effective population number (Ne(v)). The contributions by pollen donors from the 13 clones were highly skewed. Three clones were fathers to more than 75% of the progenies, while making up only 24% of the ramets in the seed orchard. Four clones sired no progenies at all. The unequal contribution on the male side corresponded to NS = 4.2 and Ne(v) = 5.8. Some selfing was observed, which may give rise to concern if clonal seed orchards with few clones are established. The estimated maximum pollen contamination from outside the seed orchard was 4.3%. No graftinglabelling errors were identified.

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IDENTIFICATION OF TEAK MISTLETOE SPECIES AND BASIC INFORMATION OF UTILIZATION AS MEDICINAL PLANT

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.7.3.s61-s63 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. S61-S63

Author(s):

Zainal Muttaqin ◽

Sri Wilarso Budi R ◽

Basuki Wasis ◽

Iskandar Z Siregar ◽

Corryanti .

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Forest Product ◽

Hemiparasitic Plants ◽

Clonal Seed Orchard ◽

Host Trees ◽

Key Species ◽

Chemical Content ◽

High Control ◽

Attack Intensity

Mistletoe is hemiparasitic plants (macroparasite) on seasonal and annual plants include trees, however, mistletoes are also beneficial as key species that fill in the ecological niche, and a potential to non-wood forest product such as medicinal plants as one of them. The objectives of this research are to identify species of teak mistletoes at Padangan Clonal Seed Orchard (CSO) in Perum Perhutani and to aim its posibilities as medicinal plant. The inventory methods on species of teak mistletoes was carried out in compartements/blocks of teak clones that are designated as Observation Sample Plots (OSPs/PCP) of the attack intensity from low, medium, high, control; and four units Observation Measurement Plots (OMPs/PUP) on each OSPs/PCP. Continously, it was analized by comparing the same species of mistletoes on other host trees as reference which was efficacious to be used as medicinal plant. Three species of mistletoes parasitizing teak clone stands were identified as Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. of family of Loranthaceae which is also attacking other host trees, Macrosolen tetragonus (Blume) Miq. of family of Loranthaceae too, Viscum articulatum Burm. F. of family of Santalacea/Viscaceae that is hyperparasite on two other mistletoes. The comparison with the same teak mistletoe but on different host trees shows that including D. pentandra and V. articulatum have the potential for hypertension treatment. D. pentandra is used too for medicine to cure ilness, wounds, fester and recovery from parturition. Known that chemical content this mistletoe comprise of flavonoid ingrident, fenolat acid (terulat acid, para hidroksi benzoate acid, kumarat acid, protokatekuat acid and vanilat acid. As for the utilization of M. tetragonus hasn’t been discovered up to this moment.Key words: mistletoe, identification, teak clone, non-wood forest product, medicinal plant

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Seed Germination Variation among Crop Years from a Pinus sylvestris Clonal Seed Orchard

Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.9734/ajraf/2019/v3i130031 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Melusi Rampart

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Thermal Time ◽

Base Temperature ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Seed Collection ◽

Clonal Seed Orchard ◽

The Mean

Maternal effects were assessed by germinating seeds sourced over multiple years from the same cloned mother trees, comparing germination capacity and rate between crop years. The relationships between climatic variables, seed characteristics and germination capacity were determined, and thermal time parameters were used to predict seed dormancy release and germination under the climatic conditions in the year after seed collection. There were significant differences in seed weight (P < 0.05), seed length and embryo occupancy (both P < 0.001) among crop years. Temperature during the seed development period explained 70% of the variation in seed weight and 63% of the variation in embryo occupancy. Germination capacity was significantly (P <0.001) different among crop years, among temperatures and among chilling durations, and thermal time requirements for germination increased from older (2007) to younger (2012) seeds. The mean base temperature without chilling was 7.1°C, while after chilling it was 4.6°C and 3.6°C for four and eight weeks chilling respectively. The mean thermal time to 50% germination without chilling was 135.1°Cd, while after chilling it was 118.3°Cd and 154.0°Cd for four and eight weeks chilling respectively. This experiment demonstrates that year-to-year differences in the environment experienced by mother trees during seed maturation can affect seed germination characteristics.

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Short-rotation Woody Crop Biomass Production for Bioenergy

Biofuel Crop Sustainability ◽

10.1002/9781118635797.ch6 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 205-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L.C. Kiser ◽

T.R. Fox

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Short Rotation ◽

Woody Crop ◽

Crop Biomass

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Soil respiration and net ecosystem productivity in a chronosequence of hybrid poplar plantations

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2020-0006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (4) ◽

pp. 488-502

Author(s):

Scott X. Chang ◽

Zheng Shi ◽

Barb R. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Populus Deltoides ◽

Hybrid Poplar ◽

Stand Age ◽

Net Ecosystem Productivity ◽

Ecosystem Productivity ◽

Short Rotation ◽

C Dynamics ◽

Woody Crop

Forest stand age can affect ecosystem carbon (C) cycling and net ecosystem productivity (NEP). In Canada, establishment of short-rotation plantations on previously agricultural lands has been ongoing, but the effect of stand development on soil respiration (Rs) and NEP in such plantations is poorly understood. These types of data are essential for constraining ecosystem models that simulate C dynamics over the rotation of a plantation. We studied Rs (including autotrophic, Ra, and heterotrophic, Rh) and NEP in 2008 and 2009 in a chronosequence of 5-, 8-, 14-, and 16-yr-old (ages in 2009) hybrid poplar (Populus deltoides × Populus × petrowskyana var. Walker) plantations in northern Alberta. The highest Rs and NEP were generally found in the 14-yr-old stand. Seasonal variations in Rs were similar among the plantations, with most of the variation explained by soil temperature at the 10 cm depth in 2008 with far less explained in 2009, a much drier year. In diurnal measurements, hysteresis was found between soil respiration and soil temperature, with the patterns of hysteresis different among stand ages. Soil respiration in the 14-yr-old plantation had the greatest sensitivity to temperature changes. Stand age did not affect the Rh:Rs ratio, whereas the NEP exhibited strong inter-annual variability. We conclude that stand age was a major factor affecting Rs and NEP, and such effects should be considered in empirical models used to simulate ecosystem C dynamics to evaluate potentials for C sequestration and the C source–sink relationship in short-rotation woody crop systems.

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Genetic variation, mating patterns and gene flow in a Pinus pinaster Aiton clonal seed orchard

Annals of Forest Science ◽

10.1051/forest:2008049 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (7) ◽

pp. 706-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lúcia Fernandes ◽

Margarida Rocheta ◽

Jorge Cordeiro ◽

Sandra Pereira ◽

Sophie Gerber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Pinus Pinaster ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Mating Patterns ◽

Clonal Seed Orchard

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Stand-Alone Power System for Monitoring and Control of the Temperature

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2570 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 291-294 ◽

pp. 2570-2573

Author(s):

Florin Dragomir ◽

Otilia Elena Dragomir ◽

Adrian Oprea

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Power Supply ◽

Temperature Regulation ◽

Green Energy ◽

Financial Impact ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Honey Production ◽

Increase Productivity ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

And Control

The main objective of the article is to stimulate interest of the consumers for the green energy considering the environmental and the financial impact (in this case by increasing productivity) of this one. For these arguments, this article proposes a real application, with autonomy in the power supply, for control the temperature in the hive using energy from alternative sources (through a solar panel). The temperature regulation is controlled by a microcontroller. For setting the temperature of the hive some bees are used at the expense of honey production. If there would be no need to adjust the temperature of the hive bees when the hive would increase productivity (worker bees population and honey production).

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Assessing the Influence of Summer Organic Fertilization Combined with Nitrogen Inhibitor on a Short Rotation Woody Crop in Mediterranean Environment

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2014/371895 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Anita Maienza ◽

Giovanni Mughini ◽

Luca Salvati ◽

Anna Benedetti ◽

Maria Teresa Dell'Abate

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Nutrient Recycling ◽

Nitrification Inhibitor ◽

Plant Productivity ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Nitrification Inhibitors ◽

The European Union ◽

Short Rotation ◽

Woody Crop

The European Union Directive 91/676/EEC, known as Nitrates Directive, has dictated basic agronomic principles regarding the use of animal manure source as well as livestock and waste waters from small food companies. The use of nitrification inhibitors together with animal effluents as organic fertilizers could be beneficial for nutrient recycling, plant productivity, and greenhouse gas emission and could offer economic advantages as alternative to conventional fertilizers especially in the Mediterranean region. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in plant productivity between bovine effluent treatments with (or without) addition of a nitrification inhibitor (3,4 DMPP) in a short rotation woody crop system. Results of the field experiment carried out in a Mediterranean dry environment indicated that the proposed strategy could improve tree growth with indirect, beneficial effects for agroforestry systems.

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