scholarly journals S4 Features and Artificial Intelligence for Designing a Robot against COVID-19—Robocov

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Pedro Ponce ◽  
Omar Mata ◽  
Esteban Perez ◽  
Juan Roberto Lopez ◽  
Arturo Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

Since the COVID-19 Pandemic began, there have been several efforts to create new technology to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic around the world. One of those efforts is to design a new task force, robots, to deal with fundamental goals such as public safety, clinical care, and continuity of work. However, those characteristics need new products based on features that create them more innovatively and creatively. Those products could be designed using the S4 concept (sensing, smart, sustainable, and social features) presented as a concept able to create a new generation of products. This paper presents a low-cost robot, Robocov, designed as a rapid response against the COVID-19 Pandemic at Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, with implementations of artificial intelligence and the S4 concept for the design. Robocov can achieve numerous tasks using the S4 concept that provides flexibility in hardware and software. Thus, Robocov can impact positivity public safety, clinical care, continuity of work, quality of life, laboratory and supply chain automation, and non-hospital care. The mechanical structure and software development allow Robocov to complete support tasks effectively so Robocov can be integrated as a technological tool for achieving the new normality’s required conditions according to government regulations. Besides, the reconfiguration of the robot for moving from one task (robot for disinfecting) to another one (robot for detecting face masks) is an easy endeavor that only one operator could do. Robocov is a teleoperated system that transmits information by cameras and an ultrasonic sensor to the operator. In addition, pre-recorded paths can be executed autonomously. In terms of communication channels, Robocov includes a speaker and microphone. Moreover, a machine learning algorithm for detecting face masks and social distance is incorporated using a pre-trained model for the classification process. One of the most important contributions of this paper is to show how a reconfigurable robot can be designed under the S3 concept and integrate AI methodologies. Besides, it is important that this paper does not show specific details about each subsystem in the robot.

Abstract 134: Digital-AF II: Impact of Smartphone-Based Atrial Fibrillation Screening in the General Population for Primary Stroke Prevention

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Proesmans ◽  
Peter Vanacker ◽  
Frederik H Verbrugge ◽  
Pieter Vandevoort ◽  
Matthieu Ruttgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
The Impact

Background: Opportunistic AF screening for primary stroke prevention is recommended in patients aged above 65 based on stroke risk models. Logistics hamper uniform screening with 12-lead ECG. Novel technologies, e.g. photoplethysmography-based (PPG) apps, may overcome this, providing readily available screening at low cost. We assessed the feasibility of smartphone screening and the impact on subsequent clinical care. Methods: A media campaign educated on AF, recruited subjects, and gave access to a PPG-based app to assess the heart rhythm. Subjects were instructed to measure twice daily for 8 days. An algorithm classified the traces as regular, possible AF, non-AF irregularity, or insufficient quality. PPGs of possible irregularities or AF were reviewed by medical technicians and cardiologists. If AF was confirmed, a physician visit was recommended. Questionnaires collected data on clinical care. Results: In 2 weeks, 62,821 subjects onboarded, resulting in 588,336 60-second PPG traces. The screened population was 49±15 years, 58% was male. In 791 subjects (1.3%), AF was diagnosed by the algorithm and offline confirmed. This group was older (62±11 years, p<0.001), more frequently male (76%, p<0.001) and had a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (1.00±1.00 vs 2.00±2.00, p<0.001). The proportion with CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 1 is 81.3% for the AF cohort vs 64.3% in non-AF cohort. The AF yield increased from 0.52% with 1 recording to 1.84% after 8 days. Of the AF patients, 335 (42%) were known, 373 (47%) newly identified, and 83 (11%) did not give this information. A physician was consulted by 138 (17%) newly identified patients, findings were confirmed in 71 (9%), 46 (6%) received antithrombotic therapy. Conclusion: This digital screening, targeting the general population and using only smartphones, demonstrates the feasibility to collect data in a scalable and low-cost way. Next to single timepoint ECG, twice-daily PPG may detect a significant number of asymptomatic AF patients.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Low-Cost Motion Capture Systems Can Provide Comparable Spatial Accuracy to High-End Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Thewlis ◽  
Chris Bishop ◽  
Nathan Daniell ◽  
Gunther Paul
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gait Kinematics ◽  
Occupational Tasks ◽  
Soft Tissue Artifact ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Linear Accuracy ◽  
Motion Capture Systems

The objective quantification of three-dimensional kinematics during different functional and occupational tasks is now more in demand than ever. The introduction of new generation of low-cost passive motion capture systems from a number of manufacturers has made this technology accessible for teaching, clinical practice and in small/medium industry. Despite the attractive nature of these systems, their accuracy remains unproved in independent tests. We assessed static linear accuracy, dynamic linear accuracy and compared gait kinematics from a Vicon MX-f20 system to a Natural Point OptiTrack system. In all experiments data were sampled simultaneously. We identified both systems perform excellently in linear accuracy tests with absolute errors not exceeding 1%. In gait data there was again strong agreement between the two systems in sagittal and coronal plane kinematics. Transverse plane kinematics differed by up to 3° at the knee and hip, which we attributed to the impact of soft tissue artifact accelerations on the data. We suggest that low-cost systems are comparably accurate to their high-end competitors and offer a platform with accuracy acceptable in research for laboratories with a limited budget.

Year-in-advance Forecasting of the Indian Monsoon Rainfall

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid A. Bryson ◽  
William H. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Indian Monsoon ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Indian Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Lunar Tides ◽  
Hemispheric Temperature ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
The Impact

The paper starts out by discussing factors which influence the Indian monsoon rainfall—including Northern Hemispheric temperature changes, long-period soli–lunar tides, and the tidelike phenomena associated with the wobble of the Earth relative to its spin-axis. When the effects of these factors on precipitation are quantified and integrated into a thermodynamical–statistical model, long-range climatic forecasts can be made that are better than chance or than predicting ‘normal’ up to two or more years in advance.Climatic changes have had profound effects on the peoples of India through the controlling influence of the monsoon on Indian agriculture. We now have a technological tool, never before available, that might lessen the impact of variations of the monsoon by forecasting these variations one to two years in advance. The two-years-in-advance 1982 monsoon rainfall forecast for June and July, using the same station models that produced the excellent 1981 forecast, indicates that there is a two-to-one chance that the 1982 Indian monsoon rainfall will be less, in general, in June and July, than it was in 1981. The question which we wish to ask the reader is: How can this new technology be used? For example, how can this type of information be used for planning and policy-making in order to ensure less uncertainty about food supplies in the future than in the past?This region cannot depend upon the monsoon to bring plentiful rain every year, and, therefore, it is essential that we should continue to improve our forecasting capability and that others learn to make optimum use of these forecasts.

The Edgard Project

2020 ◽  
pp. 259-275
Author(s):  
Fernando Luiz Fogliano ◽  
André Gomes de Souza ◽  
Guilherme Henrique Fidélio de Freitas ◽  
Rachel Lerner Sarra ◽  
Juliana Pereira Machado
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ethical Approach ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Conversational Interface ◽  
Critical Mind ◽  
The Impact

As Artificial Intelligence technologies advance, their use becomes increasingly widespread, and what was once a fantasy of being able to communicate with a virtual being is now part of our everyday lives. New issues arise with every new technology, and discussions are needed to avoid significant problems. By looking at what is happening now and at the impact that AI has and will continue to have, one needs to remember history and its contradictions with a critical mind to have a more ethical approach to technology innovations. This chapter focuses on the Edgard Project, an intersection between Contemporary Art and Conversational Interface Design. Consisting of a chatbot named Edgard, the project emerges as an artistic approach to encourage critical thinking about the technology that gives him “life” and highlights the contradictions of AI through its ironic discourse and outdated interface.

scholarly journals Improved Arrangement and Capacity for Medication Transactions: A Pilot Study to Determine the Impact of New Technology on Medication Storage and Accessibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Author(s):  
Matthew Kelm ◽  
Udobi Campbell
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
Pharmacy Technician ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medication Storage ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Time

Purpose: A new-generation automated dispensing cabinet (ADC) deployment is described. Methods: A single-center retrospective-prospective pilot product performance study was conducted, and prospective nurse satisfaction survey and pharmacy technician product performance feedback survey were performed to determine the impact of new technology on medication storage and accessibility. The study measured efficiency of the 9:00 am medication pull for nursing users, assessment of nursing perceptions of medication administration pre- and postinstallation of the cabinetry, pharmacy technician perceptions of working with the cabinetry, and assessment of the efficiency of the pharmacy technician restock process. Results: In total, 2981 total nursing medication retrieval processes for the 9 am standard medication administration time (SMAT) time were analyzed: 1321 in the preoptimization phase and 1660 in the postoptimization phase. Analysis of the mean time per transaction confirmed a significant improvement from 10.5 to 10.3 seconds per transaction ( P = .026) in the postoptimization configuration. The modified assessment of nursing satisfaction survey demonstrated increased satisfaction with many aspects of the new-generation cabinetry. Pharmacy technician survey data highlighted beneficial aspects of the device, while restock data showed an increase in the time spent restocking the cabinet from 11.5 seconds in the preoptimization phase compared with 21.3 seconds in the postoptimization phase ( P < .0001). Conclusion: ADC installation and inventory optimization had a statistically significant improvement in the mean time per nursing transaction. Nursing and pharmacy technician surveys demonstrated a trend of enhanced satisfaction with the platform.

scholarly journals Pre-transplant Psoas Muscle Density as a Ready-to-Use and Low-cost Predictor of Patient Survival After Liver Transplant

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Rosa Bertuzzo ◽  
Matteo Renzulli ◽  
Alfredo Clemente ◽  
Alessandro Cucchetti ◽  
Lorenzo Maroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Explanted Liver ◽  
The Impact

Background: Sarcopenia, defined as low muscle mass with reduced function, is frequently encountered in cirrhotic patients and is a major predictor of adverse events, including post-liver transplant (LT) outcome. Objectives: This study assessed the impact of sarcopenia using computed tomography (CT)-based measurements on post-LT mortality and complications. Methods: From January 2008 to June 2016, 646 adult patients underwent 613 LTs at our institution. We analyzed the postoperative outcome of 287 patients who had pathologically proven cirrhosis on the explanted liver and who had performed a CT examination three months before LT. Psoas muscle density (PMD) was detected for every patient using standard instruments present in the radiological workstation and was related to postoperative survival rates and complications. Statistical analysis was carried out using the appropriate tests. Results: Postoperative mortality was 6.3%. At least one grade III-IV postoperative complication was experienced by 121 patients. Respiratory and infective complications occurred in 30 and 32 patients, respectively. Also, PMD was an independent predictor of postoperative mortality (P = 0.021), respiratory complications (P = 0.015), and infections (P = 0.010). The ROC analysis identified a PMD ≤ 43.72 HU as the best cutoff value for predicting 90-day mortality after LT. Conclusions: Psoas muscle density accurately predicted post-LT mortality and complications. Its ease and low-cost determination can allow widespread use of this parameter to improve clinical care and help with the decision to give these patients some priority on the transplant waiting list.

scholarly journals The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning in Eye Diseases: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Nuzzi ◽  
Giacomo Boscia ◽  
Paola Marolo ◽  
Federico Ricardi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Clinical Overview

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subset of computer science dealing with the development and training of algorithms that try to replicate human intelligence. We report a clinical overview of the basic principles of AI that are fundamental to appreciating its application to ophthalmology practice. Here, we review the most common eye diseases, focusing on some of the potential challenges and limitations emerging with the development and application of this new technology into ophthalmology.

Understanding artificial intelligence: insights on China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Veglianti ◽  
Yaya Li ◽  
Elisabetta Magnaghi ◽  
Marco De Marco
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ecological Constraints ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Broad Level

Purpose The high frequency of disruption and dislocation of many industries, the migration to low-cost countries of different assets and activities, the increase in systemic risk, the birth of social and ecological constraints, as well as the new worldwide competitors require businesses and the overall society to change. In a so-called Industry 4.0. era, understanding the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in developed as well as in underdeveloped economies has become increasingly crucial. The purpose of this study is to shed the light on the peculiarities of Chinese AI assessing the state of art of AI in this unique and valuable context. Design/methodology/approach Through a research based on a qualitative data analysis, the present paper suggests a new way to analyse AI and to support a better understanding of the local Chinese aspects influencing its development and implementation. Findings The development and implementation of AI in China required tailor solutions which account for the following three main dimensions: the location (i.e. territorial extension, the administrative boundaries); the government approach; and the human capital. Originality/value The analysis presents a broad level activity. In addition, the paper focused on Chinese scientific literature and different types of data (i.e. institutional documents, professional reports, websites and speeches in Chinese). The paper used a multi-faceted approach, including also the tacit knowledge of the authors about the context under investigation.

Money-laundering risk and preventive measures in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-714
Author(s):  
Irfan Hassan Jaffery ◽  
Riffat Abdul Latif Mughal
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Task Force ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Financing Of Terrorism ◽  
Customer Due Diligence ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of anti-money laundering/combating of financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) measures in Pakistan. Key variables of AML/CFT regulations of Pakistan are used. This study explores the impact of customer due diligence, record keeping, wire transfers, correspondent banking, reporting of transactions, new technology and internal controls/compliance/trainings on money-laundering risk. Design/methodology/approach Data is collected with the help of questionnaires developed in light of Financial Actions Task Force (FATF) recommendations and the AML/CFT regulations of Pakistan. Findings Results show that customer due diligence, correspondent banking and new technology may help control money-laundering risk in Pakistan, whereas impact of record keeping, wire transfers and reporting of transactions did not have an effect on money-laundering risk. This study suggests a better implementation of these measures. Research limitations/implications The current study was limited to Pakistani banks. For more conclusive results, future studies should replicate similar studies in other countries. Practical implications Findings of this study may help the State Bank of Pakistan in taking measures to simplify the process of implementing FATF rules and regulations regarding AML/CFT, regular monitoring and trainings to the staff of banks and development finance institutions in customer due diligence, correspondent banking and new technology. Further, it helps to take appropriate measures in resolving banks-specific issues related to AML/CFT. Social implications Effective AML/CFT control measures would strengthen socio-economic growth in a country. Further, formalization, compliance and integrity would eliminate money laundering risk. It would create an economy that works with equity and promotes transparency. Originality/value This research paper supports implementation of AML/CFT regulations, proper monitoring and novel supervision of banks.

scholarly journals Journalism Featuring Artificial Intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-667
Author(s):  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Anna Bychkova ◽  
Sergey Ovanesyan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The Media ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with mass media techniques based on the algorithms of artificial intelligence, principles of machine learning and deep learning based on neural networks, and recommenders. The authors provide an analytical review of experiences of applying these techniques in various spheres, namely, data processing and analysis, automated production of reports on current events and facts, interactive communication with audience, tracking newsworthy events, fact-checking, visual discovery, video content production, and others. The mass media techniques are demonstrated by the list of examples of Reuters News Tracer, Wordsmith, Heliograf, Perspective (an interface of applied programming), Newswhip, Quackbot, Guardian Chatbot, Wibbitz, Factmata, et al. Factmata is given special attention to as a complex approach to algorithmization of the Media that includes such methods as contextualization of statements, arguments and stories, and keeping a blacklist of domains which the algorithms mark as hateful, hyperpartisan, toxic, or fake news. The authors note that machine learning of algorithms for generating and analyzing texts is becoming easily accessible. Moreover, the new generation of algorithms based on artificial intelligence is able to identify text sentiment. The analysis of the impact of the media environment, including such factors as echo chamber and filter bubble, on information users shows that information can now be compared to a drug which is almost legal and easily available for use by any social group, and its users, due to targeting and personalization, are transforming into its «ideal consumers».

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