scholarly journals Selection of Specific Nanobodies against Lupine Allergen Lup an 1 for Immunoassay Development

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Yaozhong Hu ◽  
Chuan Zhang ◽  
Feier Yang ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Target Antigen ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Reliable Detection ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Selection Of

The declaration of lupine supplements is mandatory to avoid lupine allergy for sensitive individuals. However, reliable detection methods against lupine allergen remain critical to prevent the unintended consumption of allergen contaminated food. In this study, we have immunized an alpaca with lupine protein extracts and retrieved nanobodies (Nbs). Nevertheless, the target antigen has been recognized as Lup an 1, which has been classified as β-conglutin, and confirmed to connect with lupine allergy. After selection of the best Nb-pair, a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed providing a linear range of 0.036–4.4 μg/mL with detection limit of 1.15 ng/mL. This immunoassay was confirmed by detecting the samples with spiked allergen, and a recovery from 86.25% to 108.45% with coefficient of variation (CV) less than 4.0% has been determined. Generally, this study demonstrated the selection of Nbs against allergen with crude protein content to develop the immunoassay for lupine surveillance in foods.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF FEED QUALITY PARAMETERS OF LEAVES AND STEMS OF DIFFERENT ALFALFA GENOTYPES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Onur Okumus ◽  
Beyza Ciftci ◽  
Sati Uzun ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Feed Quality ◽  
High Effect ◽  
Selection Of

This research was carried out to determine feed quality parameters of leaves and stems of different alfalfa genotypes. A total of 12 alfalfa genotypes was used as the plant material for the study. Alfalfa plants were harvested at the flowering stage. The plants were dried at 70°C and grinded in a hand-mill with 1 mm sieve for chemical analysis. In leaf, the acid detergent fiber (ADF) content of genotypes varied between 21.62 - 27.40%, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content between 33.98 - 39.95%, and crude protein content between 24.68 - 28.45%, whereas in stem ADF content of genotypes varied between 50.99 - 57.72%, NDF content between 66.96 - 76.79 %, crude protein content between 8.46 - 11.00%. The RFV ranged from 159.18 to 197.27% and 53.22 to 67.06% for leaf and stem respectively. The leaf to stem ratio of genotypes ranged from 0.72 to 1.60. Considering current results from different genotypes, genotype has a high effect on feed quality. In addition, the rate of leaf to stems is also effective on feed quality. While the protein ratio of the leaves was higher than the stems, the ADF and NDF contents were found to be lower than the stems. So, in the selection of alfalfa genotypes, attention should be paid to the leaf to stem ratio as well as the yield.

The effect of physiological state (late pregnancy) on the diet selection of ewes

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
S.D.B. Cooper ◽  
I Kyriazakis ◽  
D. H. Anderson ◽  
J. D. Oldham
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Previous studies of diet selection, in a controlled environment (Hou et al, 1991; Kyriazakis & Oldham, 1992) have demonstrated that growing lambs are able to select, from foods differing in crude protein content, a diet which meets their requirements for protein. Little consideration has been given to the effect of other physiological states upon diet selection. The ewe in the last eight weeks before lambing has been chosen as further model; during this period ewes have an increasing requirement for metabolisable energy and protein in order to supply the growth and development of the foetus and maternal tissues. In addition the foetus has an increasing absolute requirement for glucose, which must be supplied by the ewe herself via gluconeogenesis.The objective of this experiment was determine whether ewes are able to select a diet, from a pair of foods, which enables them to supply these requirements for metabolisable energy and protein. Secondly it was hoped that the size of the pool of non amino precursors could be altered and so it would be possible to test whether the availability of such precursors would have an influence upon the selection for protein.

Early productivity and crude protein content of establishing forage swards composed of combinations of native grass and legume species in mixed-grassland ecoregions

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenalee M. Mischkolz ◽  
Michael P. Schellenberg ◽  
Eric G. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Western Wheatgrass

Mischkolz, J. M., Schellenberg, M. P. and Lamb, E. G. 2013. Early productivity and crude protein content of establishing forage swards composed of combinations of native grass and legume species in mixed-grassland ecoregions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 445–454. We evaluated the early establishment productivity of forage swards of native, perennial, cool and warm season grasses, and legumes as they have the potential to provide non-invasive, productive, and drought resistant rangelands. Seven species with agronomic potential and a broad native geographic distribution were selected for testing including: nodding brome [Bromus anomalus (Coult.)], blue bunch wheatgrass [Pseudoregneria spicata (Pursh)], western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.)], side oats grama [Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.)], little blue stem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)], purple prairie clover [Dalea purpurea (Vent.)], and white prairie clover [Dalea candida (Willd.)]. Forage swards, including all seven monocultures, 21 two-species mixtures and a mixture with all species, were planted in two sites, Saskatoon and Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Western wheatgrass (WWG) had the highest overall plant density and the strongest effect on the forage yield of the forage swards; however, productivity and crude protein content were not reduced when other species were also included in the forage sward. Dalea spp. did not establish as well as the other species, but had the highest crude protein concentrations. This work provides insight into forage sward development at the establishment stage; additional work is required to determine long-term species impacts for well established forage swards.

scholarly journals Identification of the Optimum Environments for the High Yield and Quality Traits of Lentil Genotypes Evaluated in Multi-Location Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8247
Author(s):  
Dimitrios N. Vlachostergios ◽  
Christos Noulas ◽  
Anastasia Kargiotidou ◽  
Dimitrios Baxevanos ◽  
Evangelia Tigka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

Lentil is a versatile and profitable pulse crop with high nutritional food and feed values. The objectives of the study were to determine suitable locations for high yield and quality in terms of production and/or breeding, and to identify promising genotypes. For this reason, five lentil genotypes were evaluated in a multi-location network consisting of ten diverse sites for two consecutive growing seasons, for seed yield (SY), other agronomic traits, crude protein (CP), cooking time (CT) and crude protein yield (CPY). A significant diversification and specialization of the locations was identified with regards to SY, CP, CT and CPY. Different locations showed optimal values for each trait. Locations E4 and E3, followed by E10, were “ideal” for SY; locations E1, E3 and E7 were ideal for high CP; and the “ideal” locations for CT were E3 and E5, followed by E2. Therefore, the scope of the cultivation determined the optimum locations for lentil cultivation. The GGE-biplot analysis revealed different discriminating abilities and representativeness among the locations for the identification of the most productive and stable genotypes. Location E3 (Orestiada, Region of Thrace) was recognized as being optimal for lentil breeding, as it was the “ideal” or close to “ideal” for the selection of superior genotypes for SY, CP, CT and CPY. Adaptable genotypes (cv. Dimitra, Samos) showed a high SY along with excellent values for CP, CT and CPY, and are suggested either for cultivation in many regions or to be exploited in breeding programs.

scholarly journals A Students’ Preferences-Based Approach to Select Methods for Detecting and Handling Free-Riding

2021 ◽  
pp. 027347532199210
Author(s):  
Else-Marie van den Herik ◽  
Tim M. Benning
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Free Riding ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Ranking Task ◽  
Handling Methods ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Marketing Educators

Free-riding is a serious challenge in group projects. While there are various methods to reduce free-riding, marketing educators still face a difficult task when selecting an appropriate method for their course. In this study, we propose a students’ preferences-based approach that supports marketing educators with the selection of methods to detect and handle free-riding. To measure these preferences, students completed an online survey based on a choice task about two methods to detect free-riding and a ranking task about four methods to handle free-riding ( n = 254). Their answers were analyzed using chi-squared tests, Borda scores, and rank-ordered logit models. The results show that (a) neither Dutch nor international students have a clear preference for one of the two detection methods (the reporting system vs. the process evaluation system), (b) grade discussion (a possible reduction of the free-rider’s grade based on a conversation with the course coordinator about each student’s contribution) is the most preferred method to handle free-riding, and (c) international students have a stronger preference for stricter handling methods. Marketing educators can apply the proposed approach, or use our specific findings, for designing methods to reduce free-riding in their courses.

99 Relationship between crude protein content and larval growth in Tenebrio molitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Kerensa Hawkey ◽  
Jon Stubberfield ◽  
Tim Parr ◽  
John Brameld ◽  
Andrew Salter
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Crude Protein Content
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