scholarly journals The Influence of Different Smoking Procedures on the Content of 16 PAHs in Traditional Dry Cured Smoked Meat “Hercegovačka Pečenica”

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Puljić ◽  
Krešimir Mastanjević ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Dragan Kovačević ◽  
Jelena Vranešević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inner Parts

During smoking, meat products may get contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), especially the ones that are smoked in traditional (uncontrolled) conditions. This study aims to evaluate the difference in PAH content in samples of traditional dry cured pork meat products, “Hercegovačka pečenica”, produced in (1) a traditional smokehouse and (2) in industrial chambers. The study revealed that the content of the four priority PAHs (PAH4) in samples produced in a traditional smoking manner highly exceeded (up to 10 times) the maximal limits set for PAHs (12 µg/kg). PAH4 in all samples subjected to industrial smoking procedures was below the limit of quantification. All samples had below-the-limit-of-quantification values for Benzo[a]pyrene. The surface layer of the samples produced in traditional conditions had the highest total content of PAH16. The inner parts of all samples, whether traditional or industrial, had significantly lower PAH16 concentration than the surface layer.

Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Pork Meat Products Obtained in Traditional Systems in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Alexandra Tăbăran ◽  
◽  
Ionuţ Vlad Cordiş ◽  
Anca Becze ◽  
Sorin Daniel Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples from a Nigerian bitumen seepage: Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry quantification

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
AU Itodo ◽  
R Sha’Ato ◽  
MI Arowojolu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Bitumen exploration was flagged off at Irele, a Nigerian field in 2003. The relationship between the seepage pollutants and receiving water bodies is the focus of this study. We hereby present the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) level in two categories of bitumen contaminated waters; source (RS) and delivery (RD) points. Results were compared with uncontaminated water (RC) as control experiment. The PAHs were extracted by Liquid-Liquid extraction using dichloromethane and analyzed by Gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS). The mean concentration of PAHs was 8.39, 3.93 and 0.57 ppb for source, delivery point and control respectively. The Benzo[e]pyrene concentrations obtained were higher than 1-10 ppb in most samples, indicating anthropogenic and petrogenic sources of the pollutants. Most of the PAH concentrations obtained were within natural concentrations, However, Benzo (e) pyrene and Indenol (1, 2, 3 – cd) pyrene exceeded the expected limit. The predominance of 4-6 member ring showed that the PAHs were more of pyrolytic than mixed sources. Method validation gave the Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification values in the range of 0.03-0.12 and 0.10-0.61 respectively. The Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) coefficient (r) was used to determine the interactions of the PAHs detected with parametric factors. All the physicochemical parameters studied except pH shows positive correlation. Statistical test at P <0.05 indicated that the difference in PAHs concentrations is not significant when compared with maximum acceptable PAHs concentration (MAC) for water, which is an indication that the water is safe.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(4), 319-326, 2018

scholarly journals Application of QUECHERS Extraction Coupled With GC/MS for Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Organochloride Pesticides in Lake Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Magloire A. N. Gbaguidi ◽  
Alassane A. K Youssao ◽  
Michael K. Saizonou ◽  
Romain O. P. Singbo ◽  
Léonce F. Dovonon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organochloride Pesticides ◽  
Benin Republic

The extensive development of industries gives birth to many chemicals which brings contaminations towards environment. The present study is to apply QUECHERS extraction coupled with GC/MS for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochloride pesticides (OCPs) in Lake Nokou&eacute; of Benin Republic. The method was first benchmarked with standard PAHs and OCPs, and limit of detection (2-194 ppb) and limit of quantification (8-645 ppb) were obtained with recovery rate of 91-110%. The method was then applied to the detection of PAHs and OCPs in the lake water, no benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene or pyrene was detected. The main origin of PAH compounds in Nokou&eacute; Lagoon are material combustion and fuels for Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons and due to remoteness pollution for organochorid pesticides compounds.

Survey of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoked Foods

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
A J Malanoski ◽  
E L Greenfield ◽  
C J Barnes ◽  
J M Worthington ◽  
F L Joe
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract A survey was conducted jointly by the Food and Drug Administration and the Department of Agriculture to ascertain the types and amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in smoked foods. The samples include many varieties of meat products, poultry, fish, and other miscellaneous items. All samples were analyzed by the published methods of Howard et al. Results indicate that many smoked foods contain small amounts (0.5—7.0 ppb) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

An environmentally friendly method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different soil typologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Flavia De Nicola ◽  
Estefanía Concha-Graña ◽  
Enrica Picariello ◽  
Valeria Memoli ◽  
Giulia Maisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Industrial Soil ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Environmental contextPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that tend to accumulate in soil. We developed an environmentally friendly analytical method for PAHs to evaluate human health risks associated with their presence in soils. The method is feasible for the analysis of soils with widely varying PAH contamination levels, and is well suited to environmental monitoring studies of relevance to human health. AbstractA microwave-assisted extraction, with a dispersive solid-phase purification step followed by programmed temperature vaporisation–gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, is proposed as an environmentally friendly, simple and cheap analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Different extraction and clean-up operating variables were tested to achieve satisfactory analytical performances: trueness from 92 to 114%, limit of quantification (LOQ) from 0.4 to 2µgkg−1 for most PAHs and intermediate precision, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD), below 10%. The method was validated using both Certified Reference Material and real soil samples collected at sites subjected to different human activities. PAH contents ranged from 0.11 (in holm oak forest soil) to 1mgkg−1 d.w. (in an industrial soil) according to the anthropic gradient. The soil PAH contents measured were used to estimate the risk to human health, which suggested the exposure to the PAHs in soil as a potential risk for human health, especially at the industrial site. The feasibility of the method for soils with different PAH contamination degrees makes it relevant in monitoring programs.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and chlorinated pesticides in background air in central Europe – investigating parameters affecting wet scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Shahpoury ◽  
G. Lammel ◽  
A. Holubová Šmejkalová ◽  
J. Klánová ◽  
P. Přibylová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Wet Scavenging

Abstract. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated pesticides (CPs) were measured in air and precipitation at a background site in central Europe. ∑ PAH concentrations in air and rainwater ranged from 0.7 to 327.9 ng m−3 and below limit of quantification (< LOQ) to 2.1 × 103 ng L−1. The concentrations of PCBs and CPs in rainwater were < LOQ. ∑ PCB and ∑ CP concentrations in air ranged from < LOQ to 44.6 and < LOQ to 351.7 pg m−3, respectively. The potential relationships between PAH wet scavenging and particulate matter and rainwater properties were investigated. The concentrations of ionic species in particulate matter and rainwater were significantly correlated, highlighting the importance of particle scavenging process. Overall, higher scavenging efficiencies were found for relatively less volatile PAHs, underlining the effect of analyte gas-particle partitioning on scavenging process. The particulate matter removal by rain, and consequently PAH wet scavenging, was more effective when the concentrations of ionic species were high. In addition, the elemental and organic carbon contents of the particulate matter were found to influence the PAH scavenging.

Monitoring of the total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in arable soils in Poland

Chemosphere ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1284-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Maliszewska-Kordybach ◽  
Bozena Smreczak ◽  
Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas ◽  
Henryk Terelak
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Formation Mechanism of Benzo(a)pyrene: One of the Most Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edina Reizer ◽  
Imre Csizmadia ◽  
Árpád Palotás ◽  
Béla Viskolcz ◽  
Béla Fiser
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen ◽  
Deep Exploration

The formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a strong global concern due to their harmful effects. To help the reduction of their emissions, a crucial understanding of their formation and a deep exploration of their growth mechanism is required. In the present work, the formation of benzo(a)pyrene was investigated computationally employing chrysene and benz(a)anthracene as starting materials. It was assumed a type of methyl addition/cyclization (MAC) was the valid growth mechanism in this case. Consequently, the reactions implied addition reactions, ring closures, hydrogen abstractions and intramolecular hydrogen shifts. These steps of the mechanism were computed to explore benzo(a)pyene formation. The corresponding energies of the chemical species were determined via hybrid density funcional theory (DFT), B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) and M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p). Results showed that the two reaction routes had very similar trends energetically, the difference between the energy levels of the corresponding molecules was just 6.13 kJ/mol on average. The most stable structure was obtained in the benzo(a)anthracene pathway.

Effect of fatty acid on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the proposed formation mechanism during electric roasting

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 3193-3207
Author(s):  
Congcong Liu ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Keping Ye ◽  
Yun Bai ◽  
Xiaobo Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Atom ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the influences of the animal fat and fatty acid type on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to propose a formation mechanism of PAHs in fat during electric roasting, which is a method of non-direct-contact-flame heating. Design/methodology/approach The effects of animal fats and model fat on the formation of PAHs were valued on the basis of the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography data. The corresponding products of the FAME pyrolysis were detected by TG-FTIR. The proposal formation mechanism of PAHs was based on the summary of the literature. Findings Contrary to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, DF had higher risk with 280.53 ng/g of concentration after being roasted than the others animal fats of red meat in terms of PAHs formation. This research also ensured the importance of fat on PAHs formation, the concentration of PAHs in pure fats was higher after being electric roasted than that in meat patties and juice which made from corresponding animal fat. What is more, during pure animal fats and meat products being processed, less PAHs formed in the fat with lower extent of unsaturation and lower content of linolenate. In the same way, methyl linolenate demonstrated the significant increasement to PAHs formation compared to the other fatty acids. And, the number of carbon atom and the extent of unsaturation in fatty acid affects the formation of PAHs during roasting. The detection of alkene and alkane allows to propose a formation mechanism of PAHs during model fat being heated. Further study is required to elucidate the confirm moleculars during the formation of PAHs. Originality/value This work studied the effect of the carbon atom number and the unsaturation extent of fats and model fats on the formation of PAHs. This work also assure the important of alkene and alkane on the pyrolysis of model fats. This study also researched the formation and distribution of PAHs in pure fats and meat products after being heated.

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