scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation and Rate of Maternal Weight Gain Affects Placental Expression of Energy Metabolism and Transport-Related Genes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Wellison J. S. Diniz ◽  
Lawrence P. Reynolds ◽  
Pawel P. Borowicz ◽  
Alison K. Ward ◽  
Kevin K. Sedivec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin And Mineral Supplementation ◽  
The Impact

Maternal nutrients are essential for proper fetal and placental development and function. However, the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation under two rates of maternal weight gain on placental genome-wide gene expression have not been investigated so far. Furthermore, biological processes and pathways in the placenta that act in response to early maternal nutrition are yet to be elucidated. Herein, we examined the impact of maternal vitamin and mineral supplementation (from pre-breeding to day 83 post-breeding) and two rates of gain during the first 83 days of pregnancy on the gene expression of placental caruncles (CAR; maternal placenta) and cotyledons (COT; fetal placenta) of crossbred Angus beef heifers. We identified 267 unique differentially expressed genes (DEG). Among the DEGs from CAR, we identified ACAT2, SREBF2, and HMGCCS1 that underlie the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, the transcription factors PAX2 and PAX8 were over-represented in biological processes related to kidney organogenesis. The DEGs from COT included SLC2A1, SLC2A3, SLC27A4, and INSIG1. Our over-representation analysis retrieved biological processes related to nutrient transport and ion homeostasis, whereas the pathways included insulin secretion, PPAR signaling, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Vitamin and mineral supplementation and rate of gain were associated with changes in gene expression, biological processes, and KEGG pathways in beef cattle placental tissues.

PSVIII-22 Maternal vitamin and mineral supplementation affect fetal hepatic expression of genes underlying mineral homeostasis and lipid metabolism in early pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
Wellison Jarles da Silva Diniz ◽  
Alison K K Ward ◽  
Lawrence P P Reynolds ◽  
Pawel P P Borowicz ◽  
Kevin K K Sedivec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Mineral Homeostasis ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin And Mineral Supplementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D 83

Abstract Vitamins and minerals play critical roles in functions such as hormone production, DNA synthesis, regulation of gene expression, and lipid metabolism. However, the impact of vitamin and mineral supplementation on fetal programming and the interplay with gene expression of fetal organs remains unclear. We used a differential gene expression analysis to determine effects of maternal vitamin and mineral supplementation (from pre-breeding to d 83 post-breeding) on fetal hepatic gene expression and the pathways underlying liver function and metabolism at 83 d of gestation. Crossbred Angus beef heifers were supplemented (VTM, n = 7) or not (CON, n = 8) with 113 g•heifer-1•d-1 of mineral premix (Purina® Wind & Rain Storm All-Season 7.5 Complete) from a minimum d 71 before breeding through d 83 of gestation. After breeding, heifers were fed to gain 0.79 kg/d. All heifers were surgically ovariohysterectomized on d 83 and fetal liver collected. Total RNA was isolated from the fetal liver (n = 15) and gene expression measured with RNA-Seq. After library quality control and read mapping, differential expression was performed using edgeR. We identified 53 genes upregulated and 37 downregulated in the VTM group (adj.Pval < 0.1). Genes involved with mineral homeostasis, such as MT1A, MT1E, and MT2A, were among those differentially expressed underlying the mineral absorption pathway. ABCA1 and ABCA6, which are involved in cholesterol and metal ion transport across the plasma membrane, and PPARG and SDR16C5, that act on lipoprotein transport and metabolism, were upregulated in the VTM group. Also upregulated in the VTM group, the CUBN gene plays a role in vitamin and iron metabolism. In summary, maternal vitamin and mineral supplementation from pre-breeding to d 83 of gestation leads to upregulation of fetal hepatic genes acting on mineral homeostasis, lipid transport, and metabolism.

The impact of maternal age, body mass index and maternal weight gain on the glucose challenge test in pregnancy

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinat Hackmon ◽  
Richard James ◽  
Christopher O'Reilly Green ◽  
Asaf Ferber ◽  
Yoni Barnhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Glucose Challenge Test ◽  
Glucose Challenge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

A Longitudinal Study of the Factor VII Rise during Pregnancy

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
pp. 328-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wright ◽  
J. M. Thomson ◽  
A. Sidebotham ◽  
C. F. Hirst ◽  
P. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Foetal Growth ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Activity State ◽  
State Factor

SummaryA longitudinal study of 21 pregnant women has been undertaken using a variety of factor VII assays, including factor VIIa, to investigate the increase of factor VIIc. All assays demonstrated significant rises (p <0.001), most marked for factor VIIa (82%) and factor VIIc rabbit (81%). Smaller rises were seen for factor VIIc bovine (50%) and VII antigen (40%). Three indirect measures of activity state, factor VIIc rabbit:antigen, bovine:antigen and bovine:rabbit, provided conflicting data. Factor VIIa:antigen showed a significant increase of 36% (p <0.001). Within individual pregnancies the change in factor VIIc rabbit and antigen correlated with maternal weight gain (p <0.05). Two activity state measures, bovine:rabbit and bovine:antigen, showed negative correlation with birthweight. The increases in both zymogen and in activity state appear to contribute to the factor VIIc rise. The extent of this rise appears to be influenced by maternal weight gain. Increased factor VII activation is associated with reduced foetal growth.

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