scholarly journals The mercapturomic profile of health and non-communicable diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalves-Dias ◽  
Morello ◽  
Semedo ◽  
Correia ◽  
Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites

The mercapturate pathway is a unique metabolic circuitry that detoxifies electrophiles upon adducts formation with glutathione. Since its discovery over a century ago, most of the knowledge on the mercapturate pathway has been provided from biomonitoring studies on environmental exposure to toxicants. However, the mercapturate pathway-related metabolites that is formed in humans—the mercapturomic profile—in health and disease is yet to be established. In this paper, we put forward the hypothesis that these metabolites are key pathophysiologic factors behind the onset and development of non-communicable chronic inflammatory diseases. This review goes from the evidence in the formation of endogenous metabolites undergoing the mercapturate pathway to the methodologies for their assessment and their association with cancer and respiratory, neurologic and cardiometabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Diagnostic morphology: biophysical indicators for iron-driven inflammatory diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etheresia Pretorius ◽  
Douglas B. Kell
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Biophysical Indicators ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Most non-communicable diseases involve inflammatory changes in one or more vascular systems, and there is considerable evidence that unliganded iron plays major roles in this.

scholarly journals The neonatal microbiome in utero and beyond: perinatal influences and long-term impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 275-291
Author(s):  
Lee Hill ◽  
Ruchika Sharma ◽  
Lara Hart ◽  
Jelena Popov ◽  
Michal Moshkovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Microbiome Development

Abstract The neonatal microbiome offers a valuable model for studying the origins of human health and disease. As the field of metagenomics expands, we also increase our understanding of early life influences on its development. In this review we will describe common techniques used to define and measure the microbiome. We will review in utero influences, normal perinatal development, and known risk factors for abnormal neonatal microbiome development. Finally, we will summarize current evidence that links early life microbial impacts on the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, obesity, and atopy.

scholarly journals Low Birthweight as a Risk Factor for Non-communicable Diseases in Adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugenia Bianchi ◽  
Jaime M. Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Renal Physiology ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health And Disease

According to studies undertaken over the past 40 years, low birthweight (LBW) is not only a significant predictor of perinatal death and morbidity, but also increases the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research on LBW as a risk factor for NCDs in adults. The Barker hypothesis was based on the finding that adults with an LBW or an unhealthy intrauterine environment, as well as a rapid catch-up, die due to NCDs. Over the last few decades, terminology such as thrifty genes, fetal programming, developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), and epigenetic factors have been coined. The most common NCDs include cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2), hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia, proteinuria, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies in mothers who experienced famine and those that solely reported birth weight as a risk factor for mortality support the concept. Although the etiology of NCD is unknown, Barry Brenner explained the notion of a low glomerular number (nGlom) in LBW children, followed by the progression to hyperfiltration as the physiopathologic etiology of HT and CKD in adults based on Guyton's renal physiology work. Autopsies of several ethnic groups have revealed anatomopathologic evidence in fetuses and adult kidneys. Because of the renal reserve, demonstrating renal function in proportion to renal volume in vivo is more difficult in adults. The greatest impact of these theories can be seen in pediatrics and obstetrics practice.

scholarly journals Strategies to reduce non-communicable diseases in the offspring: negative and positive in utero programming

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 642-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rodriguez-Caro ◽  
S. A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Economic Cost ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Unhealthy Diet

AbstractNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major problem as they are the leading cause of death and represent a substantial economic cost. The ‘Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Hypothesis’ proposes that adverse stimuli at different life stages can increase the predisposition to these diseases. In fact, adverse in utero programming is a major origin of these diseases due to the high malleability of embryonic development. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature on in utero programming and NCDs highlighting potential medical strategies to prevent these diseases based upon this programming. We fully address the concept and mechanisms involved in this programming (anatomical disruptions, epigenetic modifications and microbiota alterations). We also examine the negative role of in utero programming on the increased predisposition of NCDs in the offspring, which introduces the passive medical approach that consists of avoiding adverse stimuli including an unhealthy diet and environmental chemicals. Finally, we extensively discuss active medical approaches that target the causes of NCDs and have the potential to significantly and rapidly reduce the incidence of NCDs. These approaches can be classified as direct in utero programming modifications and personalized lifestyle pregnancy programs; they could potentially provide transgenerational NCDs protection. Active strategies against NCDs constitute a promising tool for the reduction in NCDs.

scholarly journals Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: A Translational View in Oral Non-Communicable Diseases

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Sven Niklander ◽  
María José Bordagaray ◽  
Alejandra Fernández ◽  
Marcela Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vegf Signaling ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are vital regulators of angiogenesis that are expressed in response to soluble mediators, such as cytokines and growth factors. Their physiologic functions include blood vessel formation, regulation of vascular permeability, stem cell and monocyte/macrophage recruitment and maintenance of bone homeostasis and repair. In addition, angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in chronic pathologic conditions, such as tumorigenesis, inflammatory immune diseases and bone loss. According to their prevalence, morbidity and mortality, inflammatory diseases affecting periodontal tissues and oral cancer are relevant non-communicable diseases. Whereas oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered one of the most common cancers worldwide, destructive inflammatory periodontal diseases, on the other hand, are amongst the most prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions affecting humans and also represent the main cause of tooth loss in adults. In the recent years, while knowledge regarding the role of VEGF signaling in common oral diseases is expanding, new potential translational applications emerge. In the present narrative review we aim to explore the role of VEGF signaling in oral cancer and destructive periodontal inflammatory diseases, with emphasis in its translational applications as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of B Cell Aging in Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill de Mol ◽  
Johan Kuiper ◽  
Dimitrios Tsiantoulas ◽  
Amanda C. Foks
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Age Related ◽  
T Cell Regulation ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
B Cell Subsets ◽  
And Function

Aging is considered to be an important risk factor for several inflammatory diseases. B cells play a major role in chronic inflammatory diseases by antibody secretion, antigen presentation and T cell regulation. Different B cell subsets have been implicated in infections and multiple autoimmune diseases. Since aging decreases B cell numbers, affects B cell subsets and impairs antibody responses, the aged B cell is expected to have major impacts on the development and progression of these diseases. In this review, we summarize the role of B cells in health and disease settings, such as atherosclerotic disease. Furthermore, we provide an overview of age-related changes in B cell development and function with respect to their impact in chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Combination therapy of oropharyngeal inflammatory diseases in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Usenko ◽  
A. V. Gorelov
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Inflammatory oropharyngeal pathologies are diverse in etiology and include infectious diseases, lesions of the lymphoid tissue of the pharynx, as well as non-communicable diseases. The article summarizes the results of studies and clinical findings on the effectiveness Lysobact in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the oropharynx in children.

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