scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Behaviour of Midwives Concerning Periodontal Health of Pregnant Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2246
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gia-linh Nguyen ◽  
Shanika Nanayakkara ◽  
Alexander C. L. Holden
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Gum Disease

Maternal gum disease is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birthweight. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practice behaviour of Australian midwives regarding the periodontal health of pregnant women to inform interprofessional antenatal care. This was an observational, cross-sectional study. We circulated an online questionnaire to Australian midwives from August 2018 to February 2019. Key outcome variables were knowledge, attitudes, and practice behaviours related to oral health. Key predictor variables were years of practice, practice location, and dental history. We summarized responses with frequency tables and assigned tallied scores for analysis using non-parametric statistical tests. 100 responses were analysed, including from rural (n = 23) and urban (n = 77) midwives. Eighty percent of midwives agreed that maternal dental care can positively affect pregnancy outcomes. Fluoridated toothpaste use (19.1%) was incorrectly answered to prevent gum disease more often than psychological stress control (7.9%), a correct answer. Rural midwives demonstrated a significantly higher knowledge score (p = 0.001) and significantly more positive practice behaviours towards oral health (p = 0.014) than urban midwives. Australian midwives have positive attitudes towards antenatal oral health but misunderstand gum disease aetiology and prevention. This study highlights areas to improve interprofessional education for optimal oral health and pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Awareness of the effect of fluctuations in female sex hormone levels on periodontal health among obstetricians

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Rashidi Maybodi ◽  
Mehrdad Jalali Pandary ◽  
Zohreh Rahaei ◽  
Shabnam Nikniaz
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background. Changes in women’s hormonal levels in different periods of their lives, such as puberty, menses, pregnancy, menopause and oral contraceptive use, affect periodontal health. Periodontal status has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Subsequently, it is important for obstetricians to be aware of the effects of hormones on women's oral health. The current study assessed obstetricians’ awareness about the effect of female sex hormones on periodontium in Yazd in 2016. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. Prior to the study, a questionnaire was pre-tested and validated (ICC=0.89). The questionnaire was randomly distributed among 40 obstetricians in Yazd. Data were analyzed with chi-squared test, t-test and ANOVA and Spearman's correlation coefficient, using SPSS 18. Results. There were no significant relationships between awareness level and the age (P=-0.252), years of practice and experience (P=-0.030) or practicing in public medical centers (P=0.121). Conclusion. As women have special periodontal health care considerations due to fluctuations in the levels of their sex hormones, this study suggests that promotion of oral health awareness among obstetricians is necessary to improve women's overall health, especially during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The effect of neighbourhood crime and deprivation on pregnancy outcomes. A quasi-experimental study using routine administrative records

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Clemens ◽  
Chris Dibben
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighbourhood Deprivation ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

IntroductionWe know that rates of adverse pregnancy outcome such as low birthweight and preterm births vary both by socio-economic status and across geographical areas. Furthermore, more deprived neighbourhoods show higher rates of adverse outcomes. However, much of the evidence comes from cross-sectional observational studies where causality is difficult to assess. Objectives and ApproachNeighbourhood crime and a resultant increase in maternal stress is a plausible explanation for the deprivation-birth outcome relationship. Without an experiment, isolating this pathway from other confounding effects is challenging. Because many mothers (within the Scottish maternity dataset) experience multiple pregnancies and varying exposure for the same person, we can assume a quasi-experimental allocation to exposure. We model associations as both within mother (comparing exposures between pregnancies to the same mother) and between mother (comparing different people between more and less deprived areas) partitioning the variation and effects accordingly. ResultsWe find that both composite neighbourhood deprivation and neighbourhood crime specifically is associated with reduced birthweight. However, the composite neighbourhood deprivation measure is only significant when modelled as a between mother effect. Neighbourhood crime on the other hand is significantly associated with both between mother and within mother effects (though the latter is reduced compared to the former). These results suggest that much of the observed relationship with deprivation in general is therefore confounded by factors associated with the composition of individuals in these areas rather than an area deprivation effect per se. In contrast, the association with neighbourhood crime can be considered in isolation from the composition of individuals and is therefore likely to be an independent “area” effect. Conclusion/ImplicationsThese results are important because outcomes of pregnancy including birthweight and premature births influence health and social outcomes not just in infancy but across the life course. This study suggests policies targeting neighbourhood crime may help to reduce neighbourhood disparities in pregnancy outcomes and therefore health inequalities in general.

Periodontal health: A forgotten cornerstone for overall health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Scientific and clinical evidence shows periodontal and systemic healths are closely linked. Periodontitis is a recognized risk factor for several systemic conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Nevertheless, the role of oral diseases in overall health is greatly underestimated by most physicians and patients. It is essential develop measures focused on enhancing physicians and patients’ perception of the importance of oral health.

scholarly journals Personal Oral Infection Control, Low Birthweight, and Preterm Births in Appalachia West Virginia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Constance Wiener ◽  
Christopher Waters
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Powered Toothbrush

Introduction. Appalachia West Virginia has a higher prevalence of preterm and low birthweight babies than the US national prevalence. Many factors have been studied which are known to influence preterm births and low birthweight babies. There are limited interventions that are available to decrease the likelihood of preterm and low birthweight babies; however oral health and personal oral infection control may be helpful. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of limited personal oral infection control among pregnant West Virginia Appalachian women and poor birth outcomes (preterm and low birthweight babies). Methods. A secondary data analysis of data from the West Virginia Healthy Start Helping Appalachian Parents and Infants (HAPI) Project from 2005 to 2016 was conducted. The researchers determined the odds ratio of personal oral infection control with a powered toothbrush (use of the brush fewer than 13 times per week versus use of the brush 13 or more times per week) on poor birth outcomes. Results. There were 845 women who completed the oral health program within the HAPI project. In unadjusted logistic regression, women who used the powered toothbrush and brushed less frequently had greater odds of poor birth outcomes than women who brushed more frequently (odds ratio of 2.07 [1.18, 3.62] P = 0.011 for low birthweight babies; and an odds ratio of 1.78 [1.04, 3.02] P = 0.034 for preterm birth). The results remained positive but were no longer significant in adjusted analysis. Conclusion. There is a need to identify interventions that will benefit pregnant women so that their pregnancies result in healthy pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Saudi Parents Towards Their Children's Oral Health: An Online Questionnaire Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malaz Mohamed Elrafie Mustafa ◽  
Ebtehaj Saleh Albeshri ◽  
Mashael Khaled Althobati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Children’S Oral Health

Children's oral health is of paramount importance as it governs the oral health status of the upcoming generation. Their oral hygiene is a vital part of general childcare. This under-appraised issue is often neglected by young parents, which can result in poor children's oral health. Aim: To assess standard knowledge, attitude and behavior of Saudi parents pertaining to the oral health of their young children. Materials and Methods: a prospective cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia in 2017. The questionnaire included a total of 16 questions which were divided into two parts; the first part asked about parents' general information such as the name, age, gender, educational level, occupation and total family income. The second part included questions related to knowledge, attitude and practices toward children on selected oral health issues. Results: 1038 Saudi parents responded to the online questionnaire (70% Females and 30% male). Majority Saudi parents recognized many preventive dental aspects like importance of early acquisition of tooth brushing, avoidance of caries-related diet and nocturnal on demand breast feeding. Seventy three percent were convinced that it is better to take their children to a specialized pediatric dentist rather than a general dental practitioner. However, it was revealed that there was limited knowledge and awareness of Saudi parents about the significance of the routine dental checkups, ideal timing of first dental visit and importance of topical fluoride. Hypothetical myths and social beliefs associated with dental treatment like endodontic treatment were common; creating barriers to early preventive and curative dental care of young Saudi children. Conclusion: Parents were found to have inadequate knowledge in regard to oral health of their young children. The present research points to a need for enhanced dental education of parents, particularly in planning for their children's first visit and effect of prolonged on-demand at night breast feeding on development of early childhood caries. Community based oral health programs are required in order to raise parents' awareness regarding their children's oral health.

Prenatal oral health literacy status: a survey on patient’s perception and awareness among health care professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Sandya Devi S Patil ◽  
Madhu K ◽  
Rachna Thakur ◽  
Santhosh T Paul ◽  
Mihir Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Group A ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Pregnancy is characterized by complex physiological changes which may adversely affect the oral health and pregnancy outcomes. This study reports a survey on assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice behaviours of gynaecologists and oral health care professionals towards prenatal oral care and barriers limiting the utilization of prenatal oral care health care to pregnant women. The study population comprised of 3 groups: A- Gynaecologists, B- oral health care professionals and C – Pregnant women, 100 in each group. The prevalidated questionnaire included questions about their knowledge, attitude, beliefs and practices regarding oral health care for pregnant women. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation test. The response rate was 100%. Regarding the association of periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, Group A (75%) have high degree of knowledge than B (61%) and C (36%) but the attitude and practice behaviors were significantly high in Group B as compared to Group A and Group C Two-thirds of respondents in both Group A and B (75%) were interested in receiving continuing dental education (CDE) regarding the care of pregnant women.The self-assessed maternal barriers evaluated in this study were lack of knowledge, lack of perceived need.

scholarly journals Prevalence of food insecurity in pregnant women and its association with gestational weight gain pattern, neonatal birth weight, and pregnancy complications in Hamadan County, Iran, in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farideh Kazemi ◽  
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi ◽  
Arezoo Shayan ◽  
Seyedeh Zahra Shahidi Yasaghi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background The results of some studies have indicated the association between food insecurity and certain adverse pregnancy outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity in pregnant women and its association with pregnancy outcomes and complications. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 772 mothers who visited comprehensive health service centers during the first 10 days after delivery in 2018. The tools included the demographic and midwifery information questionnaire and an 18-item questionnaire devised by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The significance level was considered to be 0.05. Results 67.5% of pregnant women had food insecurity. The multivariate analysis showed that birth weight decreased with the increase in the severity of food insecurity, but the reduction was not statistically significant. Based on the results, food insecurity had no statistically significant impact on the mothers’ weight gain pattern (p = 0.13). The risk of hypertension/preeclampsia and anemia was not related to food insecurity. Compared with the food-secure group, the probability of gestational diabetes was 56% lower in the food-insecure group without hunger and 61% lower in the food-insecure group with moderate hunger; however, in the food-insecure group with severe hunger, this probability was 1.5 times more than the food-secure group, which is not statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of food insecurity was high in pregnant women. Maternal weight gains during pregnancy and birth weight (despite being statistically insignificant) were affected by this condition; therefore, it is necessary to identify women with food insecurity on their first pregnancy visit; it is also crucial to take steps towards improving their health through allocating a family food basket and nutritional support for these women at least during pregnancy. Due to the limited sample size and inability to control the potential confounders, the association between food insecurity during pregnancy and the incidence of pregnancy complications could not be reached, hence the need for more studies.

scholarly journals Locked Mouths: Tooth Loss in a Women’s Prison in Northeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Sant’ Anna Araújo Rodrigues ◽  
Ingrid Thays de Melo Silveira ◽  
Magaly Suênya de Almeida Pinto ◽  
Alidianne Fabia Cabral Xavier ◽  
Thaliny Batista Sarmento de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women's Prison

Background. Prisoners, in general, exhibit unsatisfactory oral conditions, especially with regard to the large number of missing teeth and with untreated caries. The aim of this study was to assess tooth loss, use of and need for prosthetic rehabilitation, and use of dental services among inmates. A cross-sectional study involving 65 inmates was developed at the Regional Women’s Prison of Campina Grande, Brazil. Data regarding sociodemographic and sentencing profile, use of dental services, dental morbidity, and self-perceived oral health impacts were investigated. Chi-square, Pearson, and Kruskal-Wallis (P<0.05) statistical tests were used. The mean tooth loss was 11.3 teeth. Significant association between tooth loss and oral health satisfaction (P=0.049), self-perceived need for dental prosthesis (P<0.001), uncomfortable teeth brushing (P=0.005), difficult speaking (P=0.002), and difficulty in performing routine tasks (P=0.025) was observed. It was observed that 29.2% of inmates were using some type of prosthesis, all deemed unsuitable for use, and 78.5% of inmates needed prosthetic rehabilitation. The oral health condition of the population studied was found to be poor, and prisoners showed significant tooth loss and need for dentures, with the aggravation of having tooth extraction as the major reason for seeking dental care.

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