Influence of Body Dissatisfaction on the Self-Esteem of Brazilian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The present study investigated the influence of body dissatisfaction (BD) on the self-esteem of Brazilian adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1011 students at public and private schools in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. The body shape questionnaire and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were applied. Chi-square test, Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation, the odds ratio and binary logistic regression were used. Results: The rate of low self-esteem was 33.8% in the adolescents; 27.8% of the adolescents presented some degree of BD, with severe BD in 5.8%. A significant low negative correlation was found between self-esteem and BD in all the adolescents. In the Odds Ratio analysis, it was observed that the odds of having low self-esteem increased in adolescents with BD as compared to adolescents without BD, being 3.85 times higher in females (CI 95%, 2.12–6.99), 2.83 times higher in males (CI 95%, 1.22–6.58), 5.79 times higher in adolescents attending public schools (CI 95% 2.06–16.26), and 2.96 times higher in adolescents attending private schools (CI 95%, 1.79–4.88). Conclusions: Low self-esteem affected one-third of the adolescents, both male and female. BD and education in public schools are predictor variables of low self-esteem in adolescents.

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Relationship between the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and the Self-Efficacy Scale among Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8030269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 269

Author(s):

Yuhei Matsuda ◽

Masaaki Karino ◽

Takahiro Kanno

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Related ◽

Functional Oral Intake Scale

A few studies have provided detailed reports suggesting that subjective swallowing disorders may be related to dysphagia. Therefore, we verified the relationship between oral health-related self-efficacy and dysphagia severity in cancer treatment using a cross-sectional study. Participants included patients undergoing treatment for cancer at Shimane University Hospital in Shimane, Japan, and those receiving outpatient treatment at the hospital’s Oral Care Center between August 2018 and April 2019. In all, 203 participants enrolled in the study and completed the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), the Self-efficacy Scale for Advanced Cancer (SEAC), and the Oral Health-related Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Cancer (OSEC). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the low FOIS score and the SEAC subscales of Activities of Daily Living Self-efficacy (ADE) (odds ratio 1.04, 95% [CI] 1.00–1.07) and Symptom Coping Self-efficacy (SCE) (odds ratio 0.61, 95% [CI] 0.42–0.88). Based on the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, the SEAC and the OSEC tended to increase as the category of the FOIS progressed. To conclude, self-efficacy played an important role in dysphagia and may affect the severity of dysphagia in cancer patients.

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Attitude Towards Menstruation Among Female In-School Adolescents: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Southwest Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42447/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Olufemi Oludare Aluko ◽

Jireh Ngozi Udechukwu ◽

Oluwaseun Anthonia Loto ◽

Ayoola Oluwaniyi Orisawayi ◽

Grace Ojodomo Ojogba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Private Schools ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Menstrual Symptoms

Abstract Background: Menarche and menstruation are natural procedures in a girl’s transition to womanhood. Lack of awareness thereof, before menarche and stigmatizing menstrual hygiene management (MHM) perception and experiences predominate in low resource economies and influences attitude. The study aims to determine and compare the attitude of adolescents attending public and private schools on menstruation and MHM in the study area.Methods: The cross-sectional study recruited 357 respondents, comprising of 177 and 180 female adolescents from public and private schools through a three-stage sampling technique. The study administered a validated, semi-structured questionnaire that was facilitated self-administered. Descriptive and inferential statistics presented results, while binary logistic regression identified predictors of attitude at Pά0.05.Results: Except for religion, other socio-demographic characteristics (age, class, ethnicity, whom adolescents’ lives with, highest education and wealth) were significantly different between public and private schools. However, respondents in public schools were older (15.4±1.75 years) when compared with those attending private schools (14.3±1.18 years). On attitude, negative feelings and openness scales were significantly different between respondents attending public and private schools, while those of positive feelings, menstrual symptoms, acceptance of menarche and living with menstruation were respectively similar at Pα0.05. Overall attitude scale indicated a higher negative rating (87.4) when compared with a positive score (12.6%). With a positive attitude as a reference, ethnicity was the only negative attitude predictor (Pα0.05).Conclusions: Adolescents attending public and private schools have negative attitudes toward menstruation and MHM. Therefore, awareness and puberty education through ethnic constructs, on menstruation and MHM before menarche is indispensable to improve their attitude.

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Self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia with antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽

Candra Panji Asmoro ◽

Yenis Anggi Prastiwi

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps reduce the amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that enters the body in order to avoid acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prevents the occurrence of opportunistic infections and complications. This study aims to describe the correlation between self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in ART. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 91 PLWHA who joined a non-government organization (NGO) support group, determined through a purposive sampling technique. The demography, and questionnaires about self-esteem, motivation and adherence to ART were employed to collect the raw data. The data were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho test with the degree of significance at p < 0.05. Results The result showed that self-esteem (p = 0.000, r = 0.445) and motivation (p = 0.019, r = 0.246) had correlation with adherence of PLWHA with ART. Conclusion PLWHA can increase self-esteem and motivation so that they can improve ART adherence. Further research is expected to use an instrument more objectively as a measurement tool for ART adherence in addition to a questionnaire so as to obtain more accurate and specific results.

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Body dissatisfaction in Brazilian schoolchildren: prevalence and associated factors

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102006000300018 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 489-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Andréa Poyastro Pinheiro ◽

Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani

Keyword(s):

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Porto Alegre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of body dissatisfaction and associated factors in 8- to 11-year-old schoolchildren. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including children aged 8- to 11-years enrolled in public and private schools in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, was carried out from August to December, 2001. A total of 901 subjects were selected through cluster sampling. Participants answered a questionnaire aimed at measuring body dissatisfaction and self-esteem and questions about family and social pressures on weight change. Height and weight were measured. The relationship between body dissatisfaction and the variables studied was measured by logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of body dissatisfaction was 82%. Fifty-five percent of the girls wanted a thinner body size, and 28% desired a larger one; the estimates for the boys were 43% and 38%, respectively. Children with the lowest self-esteem (OR=1.80; 95% CI: 1.13-2.89) and who thought their parents (OR=6.10; 95% CI: 2.95-12.60) and friends (OR=1.81; 95% CI: 1.02-3.20) expected them to be thinner showed a higher chance of presenting body dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Body dissatisfaction was highly prevalent among the evaluated schoolchildren, especially in those with lower self-esteem and who thought their parents and friends expected them to be thinner.

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Prevalence and determinants of overweight/obesity among school-aged adolescents in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study of private and public schools

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038667 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e038667

Author(s):

Wegdan Baniissa ◽

Hadia Radwan ◽

Rachel Rossiter ◽

Randa Fakhry ◽

Nabeel Al-Yateem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Private Schools ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Private And Public ◽

Physically Inactive

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence and predictors of obesity among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingPrivate and public secondary schools.ParticipantsAdolescents aged 13–19 years; 434 (46.6%) from private schools and 498 (53.4%) from public schools.MeasuresSelf-report questionnaires were used to assess adolescents’ sociodemographic factors, fruit/vegetable (F/V) intake and physical activity. Participants’ weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and body fat percentage (%BF) were measured, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Overweight/obesity was determined by BMI ≥85th percentile for age, abdominal obesity (AO) (WC, WHtR and WHR) and %BF.ResultsA total of 34.7% of participants were overweight/obese (BMI ≥85th percentile) and 378 (40.6%) had high %BF. AO was noted in 47.3%, 22.7% and 27.1% of participants, based on WC, WHR and WHtR, respectively. Significantly more participants from public schools were overweight/obese (37.8% vs 31.1%) and had greater AO (based on WC, WHR, WHtR) compared with those from private schools. Predictors of obesity based on BMI were: consuming less than five servings of F/V (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.41, 95% CI: 1.73 to 3.36), being physically inactive (AOR 2.09, CI: 1.36 to 3.22) and being men (AOR 3.35, 95% CI: 2.20 to 5.10). Predictors of AO were being men (WC: AOR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.00; WHtR: AOR 2.72, 95% CI: 1.81 to 4.08); studying at public school (WHR: AOR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.66); being Emirati (WHR: AOR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.90); consuming less than five servings of F/V (WC: AOR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.30; WHtR: AOR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.03), and being physically inactive (WC: AOR 1.63; 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.35).ConclusionsFocused interventions are needed to combat obesity while considering AO indicators and BMI to diagnose obesity in adolescents.

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Factors Associated With Low Self-Esteem Among Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.683894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Junye Yu ◽

Huan Dong ◽

Qi Wu ◽

Ya Yang ◽

Hongying Pi

Keyword(s):

Coping Style ◽

Stepwise Regression ◽

Hematologic Malignancies ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Tumor Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

The present study aimed to explore the self-esteem level of patients with hematology malignancies and the associated factors. In this cross-sectional study, we screened patients with hematologic malignancies treated in the Department of Hematology of Aerospace Center Hospital between November 2019 and June 2020. We included 157 eligible patients by convenience sampling. The participants completed questionnaires covering demographic characteristics, loneliness, the coping styles, hope, five personality traits, and self-esteem level. We applied t-test, analysis of variance, simple linear regression, and multiple stepwise regression to explore the factors associated with patients' self-esteem. The mean self-esteem score of hematology tumor patients was 26.86 ± 2.34, which was lower than the national norm (P < 0.01). The multiple stepwise regression analysis identified maintaining close relationships with others, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and positive coping style as factors independently associated with the self-esteem of hematology tumor patients. Patients with hematologic malignancies experience low self-esteem. Factors including maintaining close relationships with others, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and active coping style were found to be independently associated with the self-esteem level of these patients. For patients with hematologic malignancies, health providers should apply patient-centered and targeted interventions to improve patients' self-esteem, reduce adverse psychological emotions, and improve their quality of life.

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Parental obesity influence on body mass index of children: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20175574 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 134

Author(s):

Chaitanya R. Patil ◽

Sushama S. Thakre ◽

Subhash B. Thakre ◽

Prithvi B. Petkar

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Childhood obesity is a serious public health concern in both developed and developing countries. The children share food habits, physical activity habits etc. with their parents either in term of genetic or environmental influences, which affects the body mass index of the children. The objective of this study was to study the association of parental overweight/obesity with overweight/obesity in the children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a government aided school in Nagpur during January 2016 to April 2016. Data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire which had information regarding the socio demographic characteristics like age, sex, socio economic status etc. Anthropometric measurements like height and weight of the children and their parents were measured. Necessary permissions were sought before the start of the study.Results: We found a significant association (p<0.01) between the obesity and overweight status of father and mother with the body mass index of their children with an odds ratio of 2.49 (1.69 to 3.66) and 2.90 (1.98 to 4.25) respectively. If both the parents are overweight/obese then the odds of their being overweight/obese is 3.00 (1.93-4.68). If either of parents is overweight/ obese, then the odds ratio is 3.10 (2.12-4.54).Conclusions: Stronger and significant associations were found between the overweight and obesity of the parents and their children. A significantly positive correlation was found between the body mass index of parents and body mass index of their children.

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Bullying com adolescentes escolares em diferentes contextos educacionais

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963.2019.243622 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Ubaldo Vieira Junior ◽

Katia Maria Rosa Vieira ◽

Andrezza Campos Moretti

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Private Schools ◽

Adolescent Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Students ◽

The Mean ◽

Quantitative Descriptive

Objetivo: categorizar a vitimização por bullying e cyberbullying em adolescentes. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório, transversal, com estudantes adolescentes de duas escolas públicas e duas particulares que respondeream um questionário, em seguida, empregou-se o instrumento Multidimentional Peer Victimation Scale adaptado para a mensuração do bullying. Utilizou-se o teste Kruskal-Wallis para a comparação entre médias e a correlação de Pearson para relacionar as variáveis estudadas com as ocorrências de vitimização. Resultados: revela-se que aproximadamente 78% dos estudantes das escolas relataram, pelo menos, uma ocorrência de bullying nos últimos seis meses e 17% sofreram metade das vitimizações totais no mesmo período. Mostraram-se, pela média do bullying entre as escolas, diferenças significantes, e a comparação com dados da literatura indicou preocupação nos graus moderado e severo. Conclusão: conclui-se que as classificações das vitimizações foram consistentes com a literatura. Observaram-se diferenças nas características das vítimas nos diferentes contextos educacionais com a premência de ações interdisciplinares contra o bullying. Descritores: Bullying; Cyberbullying; Educação; Comportamento do Adolescente; Estudantes; Saúde Pública.AbstractObjective: to categorize victimization by bullying and cyberbullying in adolescents. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study with adolescent students from two public schools and two private schools that answered a questionnaire, then the Multidimentional Peer Victimation Scale instrument was used, adapted to measure bullying. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare means and Pearson's correlation to relate the variables studied with the occurrences of victimization. Results: it is revealed that approximately 78% of school students reported at least one occurrence of bullying in the last six months and 17% suffered half of the total victimizations in the same period. Significant differences were shown by the mean of bullying between schools, and the comparison with data in the literature indicated concern in the moderate and severe degrees. Conclusion: it is concluded that the victimization classifications were consistent with the literature. Differences in the characteristics of the victims were observed in different educational contexts with the urgency of interdisciplinary actions against bullying. Descriptors: Bullying; Cyberbullying; Education; Adolescent Behavior; Students; Public Health.ResumenObjetivo: categorizar la victimización por bullying y cyberbullying en adolescentes. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, transversal con estudiantes adolescentes de dos escuelas públicas y dos escuelas privadas que respondieron a un cuestionario, luego se usó el instrumento Multidimentional Peer Victimation Scale adaptado para medir el acoso escolar. La prueba de Kruskal-Wallis se utilizó para comparar medias y la correlación de Pearson para relacionar las variables estudiadas con los casos de victimización. Resultados: se revela que aproximadamente el 78% de los estudiantes escolares informaron al menos una ocurrencia de acoso escolar en los últimos seis meses y el 17% sufrió la mitad de las victimizaciones totales en el mismo período. Las diferencias significativas se mostraron por la media de la intimidación entre las escuelas, y la comparación con los datos en la literatura indicó preocupación en los grados moderados y severos. Conclusión: se concluye que las clasificaciones de victimización fueron consistentes con la literatura. Se observaron diferencias en las características de las víctimas en diferentes contextos educativos con la urgencia de acciones interdisciplinarias contra el acoso escolar. Descriptores: Acoso Escolar; Ciberacoso; Educacíon; Conducta del Adolescente; Estudiantes; Salud Pública.

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Privacy, Self-Esteem, Anxiety in Women Having Pelvic Examination

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211058597 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110585

Author(s):

Habibe Bay ◽

Bihter Akin

Keyword(s):

State Anxiety ◽

Personal Information ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Pelvic Examination ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Gynecology And Obstetrics

This study aims to determine the privacy perception, self-esteem and anxiety levels of women undergoing pelvic examination and influencing factors. This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 415 women who underwent pelvic examination. The data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Body Privacy Scale for Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the State Anxiety Inventory. It was found that self-esteem ( R2 = .055, p < .0001) and state anxiety ( R2 = .037, p: .004) were significantly related to body privacy perceptions. The results of the study showed that making a statement to the women before the examination positively affected their perception of privacy. It is recommended for health professionals to be trained on the importance of privacy and communication during pelvic examination to increase their awareness on the topic.

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Attitude towards menstruation by female in-school adolescents: A comparative cross-sectional study in southwest Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32272/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Olufemi Oludare Aluko ◽

Jireh Ngozi Udechukwu ◽

Oluwaseun Anthonia Loto ◽

Ayoola Oluwaniyi Orisawayi ◽

Grace Ojodomo Ojogba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Private Schools ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Menstrual Symptoms

Abstract Background: Menarche and menstruation are natural procedures in a girl’s transition to womanhood. Lack of awareness thereof, before menarche and stigmatizing menstrual hygiene management (MHM) experiences predominate in low resource economies and influences attitude. The study aims to determine and compare the attitude of adolescents attending public and private schools on menstruation and MHM in the study area.Methods: The cross-sectional study recruited 357 respondents, comprising of 177 and 180 female adolescents from public and private schools through a three-stage sampling technique. The study administered a validated, semi-structured questionnaire that was facilitated self-administered. Descriptive and inferential statistics presented results, while binary logistic regression identified predictors of attitude at Pά0.05.Results: Except for religion, other socio-demographic characteristics (age, class, ethnicity, whom adolescents’ lives with, highest education and wealth) were significantly different between public and private schools. However, respondents in public schools were older (15.4±1.75 years) when compared with those attending private schools (14.3±1.18 years). On attitude, negative feelings and openness scales were significantly different between respondents attending public and private schools, while those of positive feelings, menstrual symptoms, acceptance of menarche and living with menstruation were respectively similar at Pα0.05. Overall attitude scale indicated a higher negative rating (87.4) when compared with a positive score (12.6%). With a positive attitude as a reference, ethnicity was the only negative attitude predictor (Pα0.05).Conclusions: Adolescents attending public and private schools have negative attitudes toward menstruation and MHM. Therefore, awareness and puberty education through ethnic constructs, on menstruation and MHM before menarche is indispensable to improve their attitude.

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