scholarly journals Accelerometer-Measured Diurnal Patterns of Sedentary Behavior among Japanese Workers: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3814
Author(s):  
Sayaka Kurosawa ◽  
Ai Shibata ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
Mohammad Javad Koohsari ◽  
Koichiro Oka
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates ◽  
Day Of The Week

Increased sedentary behavior (SB) can adversely affect health. Understanding time-dependent patterns of SB and its correlates can inform targeted approaches for prevention. This study examined diurnal patterns of SB and its sociodemographic associations among Japanese workers. The proportion of sedentary time (% of wear time) and the number of breaks in SB (times/sedentary hour) of 405 workers (aged 40–64 years) were assessed using an accelerometer. SB patterns and sociodemographic associations between each time period (morning, afternoon, evening) on workdays and nonworkdays were examined in a series of multivariate regression analyses, adjusting for other sociodemographic associations. On both workdays and nonworkdays, the proportion of sedentary time was lowest in the morning and increased towards evening (b = 12.95, 95% CI: 11.28 to 14.62; b = 14.31, 95% CI: 12.73 to 15.88), with opposite trend for breaks. Being male was consistently correlated with SB. Other sociodemographic correlates differed depending on time-of-day and day-of-the-week. For instance, desk-based workstyles and urban residential area were associated with SB during workday mornings and afternoons, being single was related to mornings and evenings, workdays and nonworkdays. Initiatives to address SB should focus not only on work-related but time-of-day contexts, especially for at-risk subgroups during each period.

scholarly journals Identifying typologies of diurnal patterns in desk-based workers’ sedentary time

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248304
Author(s):  
Sayaka Kurosawa ◽  
Ai Shibata ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
Mohammad Javad Koohsari ◽  
Koichiro Oka
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Optimal Number Of Clusters

The purpose of this study was to identify typologies of diurnal sedentary behavior patterns and sociodemographic characteristics of desk-based workers. The sedentary time of 229 desk-based workers was measured using accelerometer devices. The within individual diurnal variations in sedentary time was calculated for both workdays and non-workdays. Diurnal variations in sedentary time during each time period (morning, afternoon, and evening) was calculated as the percentage of sedentary time during each time period divided by the percentage of the total sedentary time. A hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward’s method) was used to identify the optimal number of clusters. To refine the initial clusters, a non-hierarchical cluster analysis (k-means method) was performed. Four clusters were identified: stable sedentary cluster (46.7%), off-morning break cluster (26.6%), off-afternoon break cluster (8.3%), and evening sedentary cluster (18.3%). The stable sedentary cluster had the lowest variations in sedentary time throughout the day and the highest amount of total sedentary time. Participants in the off-morning and off-afternoon break clusters had nearly the same sedentary patterns but took short-term breaks during non-workday mornings or afternoons. The evening sedentary cluster had a completely different pattern, with a longer sedentary time during the evening both on workdays and non-workdays. Sociodemographic attributes such as sex, household income, educational attainment, employment status, sleep duration, and residential area, differed significantly between groups. Initiatives to address desk-based workers’ sedentary behavior need to focus not only on the workplace but also on the appropriate timing for reducing excessive sedentary time in non-work contexts depending on the characteristics and diurnal patterns of target subgroups.

scholarly journals Leading by Example: Association Between Mother and Child Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Brad R. Julius ◽  
Amy M.J. O’Shea ◽  
Shelby L. Francis ◽  
Kathleen F. Janz ◽  
Helena Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Low Income Mothers ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The authors examined the relationship between mother and child activity. Methods: The authors compared moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time of low-income mothers with obesity and their 6- to 12-year-old children on week (WD) and weekend (WE) days. A total of 196 mother–child pairs wore accelerometers simultaneously for a week. Mothers completed questionnaires. Spearman correlation and multivariate regression were used. Results: WE MVPA (accelerometry) was significantly correlated between mothers with children aged 6–7 (rs = .35) and daughters (rs = .27). Self-reported maternal PA time spent with one of their children was significantly correlated with the WE MVPA of all children (rs = .21) and children aged 8–10 (rs = .22) and with the WD MVPA of all children (rs = .15), children aged 8–10 (rs = .23), aged 11–12 (rs = .52), and daughters (rs = .37), and inversely correlated to the WD sedentary time of all children (rs = −.21), children aged 8–10 (rs = −.30), aged 11–12 (rs = −.34), daughters (rs = −.26), and sons (rs = −.22). In multivariate regression, significant associations were identified between reported child–mother PA time together and child MVPA and sedentary time (accelerometry). Conclusions: Mothers may influence the PA levels of their children with the strongest associations found in children aged 6–7 and daughters. Mother–child coparticipation in PA may lead to increased child MVPA and decreased sedentary behavior.

Abstract MP028: Bi-directional Relationship Between Sleep and Sedentary Behavior in Adults Who Are Overweight and Obese

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C Imes ◽  
Christopher E Kline ◽  
Bonny Rockette-Wagner ◽  
Lynn M Baniak ◽  
Dara D Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Overlapping Data ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Introduction: It is assumed that inadequate sleep is associated with sedentary behavior and that being active during the day improves sleep. Given the emergence of sedentary behavior as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), a better understanding of this bi-directional relationship in adults who are obese is needed for developing CVD-risk reducing interventions. Hypotheses: Total sleep time (TST) is negatively associated with next day sedentary time (SED) and SED is negatively associated with that night’s TST in adults who are obese. Methods: We used objective baseline data from the EMPOWER Study, a 12-mo study of lapses during weight loss. We instructed subjects to wear accelerometers on the waist (ActiGraph GT3X) for 7 days and wrist (Actiwatch 2) for 14 days to assess daily activity and sleep, respectively. Subjects with ≥2 weekdays and 2 weekend days of overlapping data were included. SED was defined as <150 counts/min. Linear mixed modeling was used to examine the associations between TST and SED; each directional relationship was examined separately. Covariates included sex, race, body mass index (BMI), age, and day of the week. Results: The majority of subjects (N=109) were white (82.6%), employed (92.6%), and female (89.0%) with mean (±SD) age of 50.6±10.6 years and BMI of 33.8±4.6 kg/m 2 . Mean daily TST and SED were 409.5±83.0 min and 638.8±132.2 min, respectively. Previous night’s TST independently predicted the next day’s SED (p<.001) with each 3 min increase in TST being associated with a 1 min decrease in SED. SED did not predict that night’s TST. Weekends were associated with less SED (p<.001) and greater TST (p<.001; see Table). Conclusions: Sedentary behavior and decreased TST were prevalent in this sample of mostly middle-aged working women. Less TST was associated with greater SED and weekdays were associated with greater SED and less TST, highlighting how weekdays influences these behaviors. These findings point to a need for interventions to increase TST in an effort to reduce SED and CVD risk.

Validation of Sedentary Behavior Record Instrument as a Measure of Contextual Information of Sedentary Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heontae Kim ◽  
Minsoo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Record Instrument ◽  
Report Measure ◽  
Measurement Period

Background: To establish evidence for the validity of the Sedentary Behavior Record (SBR) instrument using a criterion measure through a proxy of direct observation. Methods: A total of 27 study participants (aged ≥18 y; 15 male) participated in this study. Throughout a 4-day measurement period, each participant recorded their sedentary behavior using the SBR in 10-minute blocks every night. During the measurement period, participants also wore wearable Autographer cameras as a proxy for direct observation. Autographer data were aggregated into 10-minute intervals. To establish evidence of validity, contingency (C) and Kappa (K) coefficients were calculated between the SBR and the Autographer data. For C and K, agreements were determined between 2 measures every cell. The coefficient C was compared across domains, types, and time of day, and K was compared across types of day and times of day. Results: Overall, the coefficients C and K were acceptable (C = .70) and substantial (K = .64), respectively. Among all domains, the highest C was reported for work-related sitting (C = .87). Values of C ranged from .49 to .91 among all activities; the highest accuracy was for work-related, screen-based sitting. Conclusions: This study suggests that the SBR is an acceptable self-report measure of sedentary behavior in adults.

Comparisons of physical activity and sedentary behavior between owners and non-owners of commercial wearable devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yen Yen ◽  
Hao-Yun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale

Aims: Wearable devices are a new strategy for promoting physical activity in a free-living condition that utilizes self-monitoring, self-awareness, and self-determination. The main purpose of this study was to explore health benefits of commercial wearable devices by comparing physical activity, sedentary time, sleep quality, and other health outcomes between individuals who used and those that did not use commercial wearable devices. Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study using an Internet survey in Taiwan. Self-administered questionnaires included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale. Results: In total, 781 participants were recruited, including 50% who were users of wearable devices and 50% non-users in the most recent 3 months. Primary outcomes revealed that wearable device users had significantly higher self-reported walking, moderate physical activity, and total physical activity, and significantly lower sedentary time than non-users. Wearable device users had significantly better sleep quality than non-users. Conclusion: Wearable devices inspire users’ motivation, engagement, and interest in physical activity through habit formation. Wearable devices are recommended to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior for promoting good health.

scholarly journals Changes in prolonged sedentary behaviour across the transition to retirement

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106532
Author(s):  
Kristin Suorsa ◽  
Anna Pulakka ◽  
Tuija Leskinen ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
Jussi Vahtera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Retirement Transition ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Transition To Retirement ◽  
Daily Total

BackgroundProlonged sedentary behaviour is associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases. This longitudinal study examined changes in daily total, prolonged (≥30 min) and highly prolonged (≥60 min) sedentary time across the transition to retirement by gender and occupational status.MethodsWe included 689 aging workers (mean (SD) age before retirement 63.2 (1.6) years, 85% women) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging Study (FIREA). Sedentary time was measured annually using a wrist-worn triaxial ActiGraph accelerometer before and after retirement with on average 3.4 (range 2–4) measurement points.ResultsWomen increased daily total sedentary time by 22 min (95% CI 13 to 31), prolonged sedentary time by 34 min (95% CI 27 to 42) and highly prolonged sedentary time by 15 min (95% CI 11 to 20) in the transition to retirement, and remained at the higher level of sedentary time years after retirement. The highest increase in total and prolonged sedentary time was observed among women retiring from manual occupations. Men had more total and prolonged sedentary time compared with women before and after retirement. Although no changes in men’s sedentary time were observed during the retirement transition, there was a gradual increase of 33 min (95% CI 6 to 60) in prolonged sedentary time from pre-retirement years to post-retirement years.ConclusionThe transition to retirement was accompanied by an abrupt increase in prolonged sedentary time in women but a more gradual increase in men. The retirement transition may be a suitable time period for interventions aiming to decrease sedentary behaviour.

296 Sex differences in sleep and wakefulness of police officers working shifts: evidence from a field study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A118-A118
Author(s):  
Gabriela Caetano ◽  
Laura Kervezee ◽  
Fernando Gonzales-Aste ◽  
Philippe Boudreau ◽  
Diane Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Time Awake

Abstract Introduction National reports of work-related injuries found the excess risk of work injury attributed to shift work to be significantly higher among women. The Working Time Society (WTS) concluded that male sex is one of the few factors that is “consistently associated with perceived or actual shift work tolerance”. However, it is unclear if physiological parameters are involved. Laboratory-controlled studies report sex differences in circadian rhythms (body temperature, melatonin). In sleep deprivation protocols, alertness and cognitive performances were affected by sex, menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptives [HC] use. Nevertheless, field studies that compare male and female shift workers are scarce. Methods An observational study including 76 police officers working on patrol: 56 males and 20 females (11 using [HC], 6 not using [non-HC] and 3 with unknown use of hormonal contraception) aged 32.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were followed throughout a month-long work cycle (1,457 morning, evening, night, or other shifts, plus rest days). They filled out time-stamped questionnaires (Samn-Perelli, KSS, Visual Analogue Scales, ~5/day; sleep and work-related information, ~1–2/day), completed 5-min Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks (PVT, ~2/day), and wore an actigraph to collect activity data. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of group, time awake and time-of-day on fatigue, sleepiness, alertness, mood and PVT measures. Results Self-reported measures and psychomotor performance significantly varied with time awake and time-of-day. Fatigue and sleepiness levels were significantly higher among female compared to male police officers, both with time awake and across the 24-h day. These variations were similar between non-HC females and the other groups. Compared to males, HC females were more fatigued and less alert, both with time awake and across the 24-h day, and sleepier with time awake. Having children at home did not explain these differences. Conclusion The results of this study expand our knowledge on the sex differences in the sleep and circadian physiology and demonstrate a critical effect of HC on women fatigue, sleepiness and alertness when working shifts. Sex and hormonal parameters must be considered in occupational medicine as well as in future laboratory and field studies on shift workers and circadian rhythms. Support (if any) IRSST, FRQS.

scholarly journals Women Serial Killers in a Climate of Changing Gender Norms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Benkart
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Serial Killer ◽  
Serial Killers ◽  
Florida Gulf Coast ◽  
Time Period ◽  
American Society ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
The Waves

Existing research suggests that patterns of both men and women serial killers are hyper-gendered. In American society, however, gender norms for women have dramatically changed over time. This study proposes that the patterns of women serial killers reflect the femininity ideals of the time period in which they operated in. The shifts in gender norms are operationalized by three time periods representative of the waves of feminism. The Radford/Florida Gulf Coast University’s serial killer database is used to establish a sample of 1,321 serial killers. Using multivariate regression analyses and controlling for age of last kill, which could potentially alter the kill method but be unrelated to gender, women serial killers do appear to be impacted by the femininity ideals of their time period but not as clearly as initially anticipated. Men serial killers were also found to be affected by changes in femininity ideals. Both women and men serial killers had more feminine kill patterns during the first wave of feminism, but men serial killers had a very violent, hyper-masculine peak during the second wave of feminism that women serial killers did not have.

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