scholarly journals How the Health Rumor Misleads People’s Perception in a Public Health Emergency: Lessons from a Purchase Craze during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7213
Author(s):  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Kelin Chen ◽  
He Jiang ◽  
Ji Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Conformity Behavior ◽  
Health Cognition ◽  
Insight Into

Health rumors often mislead people and cause adverse health behaviors. Especially during a public health emergency, health rumors may result in severe consequences for people’s health and risk governance. Insight into how these rumors form and harm people’s health behavior is critical for assisting people in establishing scientific health cognition and to enhance public health emergency responses. Using the case study with interview data of a salient purchase craze led by a health rumor during the COVID-19 outbreak in China, this article aimed to illustrate the process of how a piece of information becomes a health rumor. Furthermore, we identify factors that cause people to believe rumors and conduct behavior that leads to a purchase craze. Results show that a public misunderstanding of the unique psychology of uncertainty, cultural and social cognition, and conformity behavior jointly informs people’s beliefs in rumors and further causes purchase craze behavior. We developed a simplified model to demonstrate how an ordinary news report can lead to a rumor. Based on this model, some implications of effective health communication are suggested for managing rumors.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Health Agency Response and Public Engagement in Public Health Emergency: A Case Study of CDC Tweeting Patterns During the 2016 Zika Epidemic

10.2196/10827 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. e10827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Chen ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
John Buchenberger ◽  
Arunkumar Bagavathi ◽  
Gabriel Fair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Public Health Emergency

Narratives of death: Systemic determinants of the coverage of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adaobi Vivian Duru
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
International News ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media System ◽  
Health Expert ◽  
Media Systems

This study used the 2014 Ebola outbreak as a case study to compare news coverage of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) between the Polarized Pluralist media system and the Liberal media system. This investigation revealed that partisan frames, emphasis on local and international efforts and use of health expert sources all differed across the two media systems. These differences suggest that social, political and economic attributes of media systems affect how news is shaped. When an event of international significance occurs, such as a disease outbreak, the characteristics that make up a media system will influence how issues are covered and presented to the public. Giving the current globalized nature of news, the findings in this study has implications for international news flow.

An ACP Approach to Public Health Emergency Management: Using a Campus Outbreak of H1N1 Influenza as a Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Duan ◽  
Zhidong Cao ◽  
Youzhong Wang ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Daniel Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Public Health Emergency

Transpositions in Configurable Virtual Storyworlds

2010 ◽  
pp. 72-94
Author(s):  
James J. Sosnoski ◽  
Kevin Q. Harvey ◽  
Jordan Stalker ◽  
Colleen Monahan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Collaborative Environment ◽  
Public Health Emergency Response ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: The Center for the Advancement of Distance Education (CADE) is a self-supporting unit within the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The center’s services range from online continuing education and professional training to multimedia Web-casting and research data management, analysis and presentation. TECHNOLOGY USED: In public health emergency response training, an isolation and quarantine situation is one of the most challenging. Second Life has the capability and potential to address many of the training and planning challenges associated with such a sensitive topic. It enables public health emergency responders to test and refine existing plans and procedures in a safe, controllable, immersive and repeatable environment. CASE STUDY: A quarantine scenario designed for emergency training. The authors designed “The Canyon Crossroads” as a key transit point between two quarantine areas and two uninfected areas. They placed a state border to divide the crossroads leaving quarantine zones in each jurisdiction. The local hospital was located in one of the quarantine zones and it is an official holding and treatment location for infected victims. The exercise involves transmitting persons in and out of the four areas. CHALLENGES: There are three challenges the authors are currently addressing: (a) how to increase the levels of engagement in the training process, (b) how to construct a virtual world that fosters collaboration, and (c) how to measure the levels of engagement in this collaborative environment.

scholarly journals A Plague of Kinyounism: The Caricatures of Bacteriology in 1900 San Francisco

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-514
Author(s):  
Lukas Engelmann
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Service ◽  
Bubonic Plague ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The arrival of bubonic plague in San Francisco in 1900 has become a pivotal case study in the history of American public health. The presence of plague remained contested for months as the evidence provided by the federal bacteriologist Joseph Kinyoun of the Marine Hospital Service was rejected, his laboratory methods disputed and his person ridiculed. Before the disease diagnosis became widely accepted, Kinyoun had been subjected to public caricature; his expensive and disruptive pragmatics for containing the epidemic were ridiculed as a plague of ‘Kinyounism’. Not only does this history offer insight into the difficult and contradictory ways in which bacteriology became an established science, it also provides an early twentieth-century example of ‘politicised science’. This paper revisits the controversy around Kinyoun and his bacteriological practice through the lens of caricature to sharpen the historical understanding of the shifting and shifty relationships between science, medicine, public health and politics.

EU Public Health: Countermeasures to Swine Flu

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-150
Author(s):  
Anniek de Ruijter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Policymaking

This chapter is a case study on the EU’s response to a public health emergency in the form of countermeasures. More specifically, the scope of the case study is the involvement of the EU in the response to the outbreak of swine flu (influenza A H1N1) in 2009–10. The case study explores and maps legally the manner by which health policymaking can become strengthened through intertwining with more formal rules and the impact this may have for EU fundamental rights and values. It illustrates the growth and impact of EU health policy beyond legislative powers, where Member State engagement in EU health policymaking may have an impact beyond what is envisioned in law. The chapter first addresses how measures to counter a public health emergency can be taken at EU level, particularly focusing on the institutional actors. Second, the chapter identifies the countermeasures taken at EU level to combat the swine flu pandemic. Third, the chapter looks at the ways informal health policy (deliberately) intertwines with more formal regulation. Lastly, the impact of EU health law and policy in this particular case is analysed in terms of fundamental rights and values. The case study shows that the precarious balancing between public health and individual rights is not done by Member States alone.

scholarly journals Development of antimicrobial resistance due to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e479101624207
Author(s):  
Débora Brito Goulart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Influence ◽  
Insight Into

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus identified in 2019. This disease, which may cause a serious respiratory infection, has been designated an international public health emergency and is being treated with several types of antivirals, antibiotics, and antifungals. While society works hard to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is equally vital to be prepared for the outbreak’s notorious effects on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antibiotic misuse and overuse are predicted to have serious ramifications for antibiotic stewardship programs and AMR management worldwide. Importantly, the global influence on the creation of novel antimicrobial resistance is uncertain due to a paucity of data on antimicrobial usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current pandemic might be a useful tool for depicting the spread of antimicrobial resistance and underlining the difficulties in managing the issue once it has emerged. This review aims to assess available data on bacterial infections in coronavirus-infected patients and to offer insight into the development of AMR in the face of the current public health issue.

scholarly journals Trust and Public Health Emergency Events: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Pradeep Sopory ◽  
Julie M. Novak ◽  
Ashleigh M. Day ◽  
Stine Eckert ◽  
Lee Wilkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Emergency Events

Abstract The systematic review examined the phenomenon of trust during public health emergency events. The literature reviewed was field studies done with people directly affected or likely to be affected by such events and included quantitative, qualitative, mixed-method, and case study primary studies in English (N = 38) as well as Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish (all non-English N = 30). Studies were mostly from high- and middle-income countries, and the event most covered was infectious disease. Findings from individual studies were first synthesized within methods and evaluated for certainty/confidence, and then synthesized across methods. The final set of 11 findings synthesized across methods identified a set of activities for enhancing trust and showed that it is a multi-faceted and dynamic concept.

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