scholarly journals Validation and Screening Capacity of the European Portuguese Version of the SUNFRAIL Tool for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Ana Filipa Cardoso ◽  
Elzbieta Bobrowicz-Campos ◽  
Luísa Teixeira-Santos ◽  
Daniela Cardoso ◽  
Filipa Couto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Early detection of frailty may prevent or delay adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. In Portugal, there are currently no valid multidimensional frailty screening tools. SUNFRAIL is a user-friendly multidimensional tool for frailty screening that can be used in primary care. Aims: (i) to determine the validity and reliability of the European Portuguese version of the SUNFRAIL tool for use in community-dwelling older adults; (ii) to assess the screening capacity of this version of SUNFRAIL using Fried’s phenotypic model criteria for frailty as a reference test. Methods: Cross-sectional pilot study in a convenience sample of 128 community-dwelling older adults. Objective and subjective data were collected. Internal consistency, concurrent validity, sensitivity, and specificity (ROC curve analysis) were examined. Results: Internal consistency was low. Significant moderate to strong correlations were found between different domains and the total score. The differences between robust, pre-frail, and frail older adults were significant. SUNFRAIL was also correlated with multimorbidity. Sensitivity and specificity were satisfactory. Conclusions: The European Portuguese version of the SUNFRAIL tool is a promising frailty screening tool for community-dwelling older adults to be routinely used in clinical practice. However, more consistent results on its validity and reliability are needed to be used nationwide.

scholarly journals VALIDATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL 7-ITEM FALLS EFFICACY SCALE IN PORTUGUESE COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Maria Alves Marques-Vieira ◽  
Luís Manuel Mota de Sousa ◽  
Cristina Rosa Soares Lavareda Baixinho ◽  
Maria Gorete Mendonça dos Reis ◽  
Francisco Javier Pérez-Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

ABSTRACT Objective to determine the psychometric properties of the international 7-item Falls Efficacy Scale. Method a psychometric study. Convenience sample consisting of 170 older adults living in the Madeira Autonomous Region, Portugal. A two-part instrument was used (sociodemographic characterization and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International-Portugal). The starting point was the translation and transcultural adaptation already carried out for the Falls Efficacy Scale - International (16 items). Construct validity (factorial analysis and discriminant validity) and the reliability (Cronbach's α) of the 7-item scale were evaluated. Previous authorization was obtained from the Ethics Commission and from the people involved. Results in the exploratory factorial analysis, the International 7-item Falls Efficacy Scale presents an explained variance of 65.8%. The Spearman's correlation between the score obtained based on the 7 items and the score obtained based on the 16 items is significant and very strong (r=0.987, p<0.0001). Internal consistency was 0.958. Conclusion the validity and reliability study of the International 7-item Falls Efficacy Scale revealed that it is an adequate scale for the evaluation of the fear of falling in the community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults

Geriatrics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarthi Madhavan ◽  
Giselle Carnaby ◽  
Karishma Chhabria ◽  
Michael Crary
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Evidence suggests that community dwelling older adults (CDOA) are at risk for dysphagia (swallowing difficulties). Dysphagia is often unidentified until related morbidities like under nutrition or pneumonia occur. These cases of unidentified dysphagia, prior to any clinical intervention, may be termed ‘pre-clinical dysphagia’. Identifying pre-clinical dysphagia is challenged by the lack of validated tools appropriate for CDOA. This study addresses preliminary development of a novel patient reported outcome (PRO) screening tool for pre-clinical dysphagia. Initially, 34 questions were developed from literature review and expert opinion. Following pilot testing (n = 53), the questionnaire was revised and tested on 335 additional CDOA. Face validity, content validity, item analysis, reliability (internal consistency), and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) measures were completed. Psychometric validation resulted in a 17-question PRO tool. Construct analysis identified a three-factor model that explained 67.345% of the variance. Emergent factors represented swallowing effort, physical function, and cognitive function. The results revealed strong construct validity and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.90). A novel, simple PRO incorporating multiple function domains associated with aging demonstrated strong preliminary psychometric properties. This tool is more comprehensive and aging-focused than existing dysphagia screening tools. Inclusion of multiple domains may be key in early identification of pre-clinical dysphagia.

scholarly journals Validation Of IGBO Version Of The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Validation Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye ◽  
Christopher Olusanjo Akosile ◽  
Fatai Adesina Maruf ◽  
Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba ◽  
Sunday Tobias Urama
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Fall Efficacy Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Panel Review ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Fear of falling (FOF) is a very pervasive problem among older adults. Consequently, many scales have been developed for its assessment. The Modified Fall Efficacy Scale (MFES) is one of the most popular FOF scales. The MFES was originally developed for use in developed countries, and thus may not be entirely suitable for use in developing countries due to cultural and environmental differences between the two country categories. This study was therefore designed to cross-culturally adapt and validate the MFES to Igbo culture and environment among community-dwelling older adults in Nnewi community using established guidelines.Methods: The original English version of the MFES (E-MFES) was translated, synthesized, back-translated, subjected to expert panel review, and pretested before producing the final Igbo version of the MFES (I-MFES). The E-MFES, the I-MFES and the Short Falls Efficacy International were randomly administered to consecutively recruited 109 consenting older adult residents of Nnewi (43.1% males; mean age=74.45±8.78 years). Concurrent, convergent and structural validities and internal consistency of the I-MFES were assessed at 0.05 level of significance. Results: All the 14 items on the E-MFES were retained on the I-MFES. There was no significant difference between the corresponding scores on the E-MFES and the I-MFES (p<0.05). The correlations between the corresponding scores on the I-MFES and the M-FES were all excellent (r=0.97-1.00) indicating evidence of concurrent validity of the I-MFES. The correlation between the total scores on the I-MFES and the Short Falls Efficacy International was excellent (r=9.3) indicating evidence of convergent validity. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the I-MFES is 0.97 showing evidence of excellent internal consistency. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of some aspects of validity and reliability of the I-MFES.

scholarly journals Validation of Igbo Version of the Modified Fall Efficacy Scale Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Validation Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye ◽  
Christopher Olusanjo Akosile ◽  
Fatai Adesina Maruf ◽  
Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba ◽  
Sunday Tobias Urama
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Fall Efficacy Scale ◽  
Panel Review ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Fear of falling (FOF) is a very pervasive problem among older adults. Consequently, many scales have been developed for its assessment. The Modified Fall Efficacy Scale (MFES) is one of the most popular FOF scales. The MFES was originally developed for use in developed countries, and thus may not be entirely suitable for use in developing countries due to cultural and environmental differences between the two country categories. This study was therefore designed to cross-culturally adapt and validate the MFES to Igbo culture and environment among community-dwelling older adults in Nnewi community using established guidelines. Methods: The original English version of the MFES (E-MFES) was translated, synthesized, back-translated, subjected to expert panel review, and pretested before producing the final Igbo version of the MFES (I-MFES). The E-MFES, the I-MFES and the Short Falls Efficacy International were randomly administered to consecutively recruited 109 consenting older adult residents of Nnewi (43.1% males; mean age=74.45±8.78 years). Concurrent, convergent and structural validities and internal consistency of the I-MFES were assessed at 0.05 level of significance. Results: All the 14 items on the E-MFES were retained on the I-MFES. The I-MFES exhibited the same structure as the E-MFES. The correlations between the corresponding scores on the I-MFES and the M-FES were all excellent (r=0.97-1.00) indicating evidence of concurrent validity of the I-MFES. The correlation between the total scores on the I-MFES and the Short Falls Efficacy International was excellent (r=9.3) indicating evidence of convergent validity. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the I-MFES is 0.97 showing evidence of excellent internal consistency. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of some aspects of validity and reliability of the I-MFES.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability testing of the Spanish version of the BESTest and mini-BESTest in healthy community-dwelling elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Dominguez-Olivan ◽  
Angel Gasch-Gallen ◽  
Esmeralda Aguas-Garcia ◽  
Ana Bengoetxea
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Convenience Sample

Abstract Background The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and its abbreviated version, the Mini-BESTest are clinical examination of balance impairment, but its psychometric properties have not yet been tested in European Spanish. We aimed to assess the psychometric properties of BESTest and Mini-BESTest in Spanish in community-dwelling elderly people. Methods We designed a cross-sectional transcultural adaptation and validation study. Convenience sample of thirty (N-30) adults aged 65 to 89 years old without balance problems were recruited. Two physiotherapists assessed participants at the same time. Internal consistency of Spanish BESTest and Mini-BESTest was carried out by obtaining the Cronbach Alpha. The reproducibility between raters was studied with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated by comparing the relationship between the BESTest, mini-BESTest, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Results BESTest and Mini-BESTest showed good internal consistency. BESTest and Mini-BESTest total scores showed an excellent inter-rater agreement. There was a significant correlation between total score of the BESTest and the Mini-BESTest (r = 0.65; p < 0.001). BESTest had a moderate association with BBS and a strong association with FES-I. Mini-BESTest had a fair correlation with BBS and FES-I. Total scores obtained by women at BESTest and at Mini-BESTest were significantly lower than those reached by men. The differences observed in all the test when disaggregating data by sex require further research. Conclusions Spanish versions of BESTest and Mini-BESTest are comprehensible for new raters. They are reliable tools to provide information on which particular balance systems show impairment in community dwelling older adults. Elderly women had a worse quality of balance and a greater perception of their risk of falling. Trial registration This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with NCT 03403218 on 2018/01/17.

scholarly journals The Modified Gait Efficacy Scale: Establishing the Psychometric Properties in Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaina M. Newell ◽  
Jessie M. VanSwearingen ◽  
Elizabeth Hile ◽  
Jennifer S. Brach
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

BackgroundPerceived ability or confidence plays an important role in determining function and behavior. The modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES) is a 10-item self-report measure used to assess walking confidence under challenging everyday circumstances.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the mGES as a measure of gait in older adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsParticipants were 102 community-dwelling older adults (mean [±SD] age=78.6±6.1 years) who were independent in ambulation with or without an assistive device. Participants were assessed using the mGES and measures of confidence and fear, measures of function and disability, and performance-based measures of mobility. In a subsample (n=26), the mGES was administered twice within a 1-month period to establish test-retest reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]). The standard error of measure (SEM) was determined from the ICC and standard deviation. The Cronbach α value was calculated to determine internal consistency. To establish the validity of the mGES, the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to examine the association with measures of confidence, fear, gait, and physical function and disability.ResultsThe mGES demonstrated test-retest reliability within the 1-month period (ICC=.93, 95% confidence interval=.85, .97). The SEM of the mGES was 5.23. The mGES was internally consistent across the 10 items (Cronbach α=.94). The mGES was related to measures of confidence and fear (r=.54–.88), function and disability (Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, r=.32–.88), and performance-based mobility (r=.38–.64).LimitationsThis study examined only community-dwelling older adults. The results, therefore, should not be generalized to other patient populations.ConclusionThe mGES is a reliable and valid measure of confidence in walking among community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Walking Speed Threshold for Classifying Walking Independence in Hospitalized Older Adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1591-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Graham ◽  
Steve R. Fisher ◽  
Ivonne-Marie Bergés ◽  
Yong-Fang Kuo ◽  
Glenn V. Ostir
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Risk Threshold ◽  
Risk Thresholds ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults

Background Walking speed norms and several risk thresholds for poor health outcomes have been published for community-dwelling older adults. It is unclear whether these values apply to hospitalized older adults. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the in-hospital walking speed threshold that best differentiates walking-independent from walking-dependent older adults. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods This study recruited a convenience sample of 174 ambulatory adults aged 65 years and older who had been admitted to a medical-surgical unit of a university hospital. The participants' mean (SD) age was 75 (7) years. Fifty-nine percent were women, 66% were white, and more than 40% were hospitalized for cardiovascular problems. Usual-pace walking speed was assessed over 2.4 m. Walking independence was assessed through self-report. Several methods were used to determine the threshold speed that best differentiated walking-independent patients from walking-dependent patients. Approaches included a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity and specificity, and frequency distributions. Results The participants' mean (SD) walking speed was 0.43 (0.23) m/s, and 62% reported walking independence. Nearly 75% of the patients walked more slowly than the lowest community-based risk threshold, yet 90% were discharged home. Overall, cut-point analyses suggested that 0.30 to 0.35 m/s may be a meaningful threshold for maintaining in-hospital walking independence. For simplicity of clinical application, 0.35 m/s was chosen as the optimal cut point for the sample. This threshold yielded a balance between sensitivity and specificity (71% for both). Limitations The limitations of this study were the small size of the convenience sample and the single health outcome measure. Conclusions Walking speeds of older adults who are acutely ill are substantially slower than established community-based norms and risk thresholds. The threshold identified, which was approximately 50% lower than the lowest published community-based risk threshold, may serve as an initial risk threshold or target value for maintaining in-hospital walking independence.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to investigate motivation for physical activity in a sample of Iranian community-dwelling older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Seyed Alireza Derakhshanrad ◽  
Emily Piven ◽  
Bahareh Zeynalzadeh Ghoochani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ordinal Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: On the basis of the Social-Ecological Model, there are assumed to be three sources of motivation – intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community motivation – that prompt older adults to participate in physical activity (PA). These three motivational sources can lead to PA behavior adherence. Little empirical research exists that investigates which motivational source is more influential in older adults’ adherence to PA, thus creating an area of interest for this research. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used to investigate the relationship between levels of PA and different sources of motivation. The convenience sample of 140 community-dwelling older adults, aged 60 and greater, living in Shiraz, Iran agreed to complete self-reported questionnaires,to measure motivation and PA. Five statistical tests were used: Independent-samples t test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square, and ordinal regression. Results: Ordinal regression indicated that gender (P = 0.001, CI: 0.523-2.115) and intrapersonal motivation (P < 0.001, CI: 0.038-0.126) were useful predictors of variations in the levels of PA. Compared to males, females engaged in PA with less frequency (P = 0.006). Community motivation decreased with age (r = - 0.213, P < 0.05). There were no significant relationships between age, educational level, health status, and PA (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Interpersonal and community motivation were insignificant factors for PA participation, perhaps due to non-facilitating environment. Future research should be conducted to investigate the environmental issues that hinder PA participation in older adults.

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