scholarly journals Measurement Equivalence between the Original and Estimated Mini-Mental State Examination in People with Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7616
Author(s):  
En-Chi Chiu ◽  
Tzu-Hua Chien ◽  
Ya-Chen Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Cohen's D ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Paired T Test

Background: The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) is increasingly used to assess general cognitive function in people with dementia. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score can be converted from the CASI (i.e., the estimated MMSE). Recognizing that measurement equivalence is critical to meaningfully representing one with the other, we aimed to determine whether the estimated MMSE score obtained from the CASI was equivalent to the original MMSE in people with dementia. Methods: We obtained 110 data points for the MMSE and CASI scores in people with dementia. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearson’s r, percent of standard error of measurement (SEM%), paired t-test, and effect size (Cohen’s d) were used to investigate the equivalence. Results: To examine the equivalence between the original and estimated MMSE score, the ICC and Pearson’s r of the total score and six domains were 0.62–0.95 and 0.62–0.96, respectively. The SEM% of the total score and six domains were 0.6–8.9%. The paired t-test results showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the total score and the three domains. The Cohen’s d of the total score and six domains were 0.06–0.27. Conclusions: The estimated MMSE score was found to have moderate to excellent equivalence to the original MMSE score. The three domains (i.e., registration, attention and calculation, and visual-constructional ability) with moderate equivalence should be used cautiously to interchange with the original MMSE in people with dementia.

scholarly journals SENAM GERAK LATIH OTAK (GLO) MAMPU MENINGKATKAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF LANJUT USIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Ibnu Abas ◽  
Agus Setiawan ◽  
Widyatuti Widyatuti ◽  
Raden Siti Maryam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstrak  Populasi lansia saat ini mengalami peningkatan dan diharapkan kualitas hidupnya pun harus tetap baik. Salah satunya dengan memelihara fungsi kognitif melalui senam Gerak Latih Otak (GLO). Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat pengaruh senam GLO terhadap fungsi kognitif lansia. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuasi eksperimen tanpa kontrol dengan intervensi senam GLO 30 menit per sesi, tiga kali seminggu selama satu bulan. Fungsi kognitif dinilai dengan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Jumlah sampel sebanyak 39 lansia. Uji statistik menggunakan paired t test. Hasil uji menunjukkan ada perbedaan rata-rata fungsi kognitif setelah intervensi dengan mean MMSE = 22,95 (SD = 1,413) menjadi  27,95  dengan SD = 1,297 (p value = 0,000). Senam GLO mampu meningkatkan fungsi kognitif lansia sehingga diharapkan menjadi salah satu latihan fisik yang dapat dilakukan di panti. Kata Kunci : fungsi kognitif,  kualitas hidup lansia,  senam GLO   Abstract The population of the elderly is currently increasing and it is expected that the quality of life must also be good. One of them is by maintaining cognitive function through Senam Gerak Latih Otak (GLO exercise). The aim of the study was to see the effect of GLO exercise on cognitive function in the elderly. The research method used quasi-experimental without control with GLO gymnastics intervention 30 minutes per session, three times a week for one month. Cognitive function is assessed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The number of samples is 39 elderly. Statistical test using paired t test. The test results showed there was a difference in the average cognitive function after the intervention with the mean MMSE = 22.95 (SD = 1.413) to 27.95 with SD = 1.297 (p value = 0,000). GLO exercise can improve cognitive function of the elderly so that it is expected to be one of the physical exercises that can be done in Panti. Keywords: cognitive function, elderly quality of life, GLO exercise

PENGARUH SENAM OTAK TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF LANSIA DI DUSUN CIOOK KECAMATAN DARMA TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Azay Zayinul Waddin ◽  
Novia Oktaviani ◽  
Heri Hermansyah
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Brain Gym ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Post Test ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Paired T Test

Penurunan kognitif dan demensia merupakan masalah kesehatan yang paling sering dialami oleh lansia yang berdampak pada hilangnya kemampuan untuk mempertahankan fungsi sosial dan kehidupan mandiri. Beragam pencegahan untuk menghambat penurunan kognitif pada lansia pun telah banyak dilakukan mulai dari terapi farmakologi dengan menggunakan obat-obatan sampai terapi non farmakologi. Salah satu terapi non farmakologi yang dipercaya dapat meningkatkan/mempertahankan kemampuan kognitif lansia adalah senam otak atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan brain gym. Senam otak dipercaya dapat membantu mengoptimalkan segala fungsi dari sistem saraf pusat yang ada di otak manusia termasuk di dalamnya adalah optimalisasi fungsi kognitif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki pengaruh dari pemberian intervensi non farmakologis yaitu berupa senam otak terhadap fungsi kognitif lansia di Dusun Ciook Kecamatan Darma. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain one group pre-post test tanpa kelompok kontrol dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang lansia yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Secara keseluruhan 30 orang lansia yang menjadi sampel diberikan intervensi berupa senam otak selama 10-15 menit setiap 2 kali seminggu selama 1 bulan. Pengukuran fungsi kognitif dengan menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), dilakukan 2 kali yaitu pada awal sebelum pemberian intervensi dan yang kedua pada tahap akhir pemberian intervensi. Setelah masa pemberian intervensi berakhir dan pengumpulan data terakhir telah selesai, selanjutnya data diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired T-test. Berdasarkan hasil uji perbandingan fungsi kognitif lansia di Dusun Ciook Kecamatan Darma tahun 2019 sebelum dan sesudah melakukan terapi senam otak menunjukkan skor rata-rata 17,76 (fungsi kognitif menurun) pada pretest, dan 23,17 (fungsi kognitif baik) pada posttest dengan p value 0,000. Terapi senam otak telah terbukti secara statistik memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat disosialisasikan dan diaplikasikan sebagai terapi non farmakologi dalam mencegah kemunduran fungsi kognitif akibat proses penuaan.   

Serum Level of Alkaline Phosphatase Correlates Negatively with Mini-Mental State Examination Score in the Very Elderly of Ashikaga City: Part of the Results of the Ashikaga Longevity Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Yamakado
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
State Examination

Objective: An important medical issue in both Japan and Ashikaga City is how to extend healthy life expectancy. To determine factors associated with healthy life expectancy, we established a joint study between Ashikaga City and the Ashikaga University Faculty of Nursing called the Ashikaga Longevity Study, using new biomarkers such as Diacron reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) tests as indicators of oxidative stress. In this study, factors related to cognitive function were clarified. Methods: Participants comprised 95 individuals (36 men; mean age, 91.0±5.1 years and 59 women; mean age, 92.2±5.9 years). Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: MMSE score was ≤23 in 28 subjects (29.5%) and ≥24 in 67 subjects (70.5%). MMSE score showed significant negative correlations with age (p<0.0096), plasma alkaline phosphatase (p=0.0007), and peripheral leukocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.0119), and positive correlations with plasma albumin (p=0.0096) and BAP-to-d-ROMs ratio (p=0.0427). Conclusions: These results suggest that cognitive decline may involve brain cell dysfunction due to inflammation based on a reduced ability to control oxidative stress. Not only anti-oxidative aerobic exercise but also anti-oxidative foods, may be necessary to maintain cognitive function.

scholarly journals Comparison of Computerized and Standard Cognitive Test in Thai Memory Clinic

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 140-142
Author(s):  
Pornpatr A. Dharmasaroja ◽  
Disya Ratanakorn ◽  
Samart Nidhinandana ◽  
Thammanard Charernboon
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRACT Background: Computer-based Thai Cognitive Test or Computer-based Thai Mental State Examination (cTMSE) was developed aiming to help doctors to easily get the accurate results of TMSE in a routine, busy outpatient clinics. The purpose of this study was to compare the evaluation process in terms of feasibility, duration of the test, participants/administrator preference, and the results of cognitive test between cTMSE and the standard Thai Mental State Examination (sTMSE). Methods: Twenty-two elderly participants (>60 years old) who were not demented and 22 patients with mild-to-moderate dementia were included in the study. All participants would be asked to have TMSE by standard method (sTMSE) and computer-based method (cTMSE), at least 2 weeks and up to 2 months apart. Scores and duration of the test were compared using dependent paired t-test. Agreement of the tests between two methods and Kappa statistics were analyzed. Results: Paired t-test showed no significant difference in scores between the two methods (mean sTMSE vs. cTMSE: 22.84 vs. 22.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [−0.465] to 0.987, P = 0.524). Percent of agreement between the two methods was 92.5%, with the Kappa of 0.85 (P < 0.001). Duration of the test by sTMSE was slightly shorter than the cTMSE (7.31 min vs. 7.97 min, 95% CI: [−1.159] to [−0.175], P = 0.09). Overall, participants liked being tested by cTMSE more than sTMSE. Conclusion: Computer-based TMSE was feasible to use and accurate for screening in aging adults and for cognitive evaluation in patients with mild-to-moderate dementia.

scholarly journals Medium-Chain Triglycerides (8:0 and 10:0) Increase Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Score in Frail Elderly Adults in a Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (9) ◽  
pp. 2383-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakiko Abe ◽  
Osamu Ezaki ◽  
Motohisa Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Frail Elderly ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACT Background Supplementation with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) was previously shown to increase muscle function in frail elderly individuals. Objective We aimed to assess effects of MCTs on cognition in such individuals. Methods We enrolled 64 elderly nursing home residents (85.5 ± 6.8 y; 13 men, 51 women; BMI 18.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2) in a 3-mo randomized, controlled, single-blinded, intervention trial. Participants were randomly allocated to 3 groups: the first group received supplemental L-leucine (1.2 g) and cholecalciferol (20 μg) enriched with 6 g/d of MCTs (LD + MCT group) as a positive control, the second group received 6 g/d of MCTs (MCT group) as the test nutrient, and the third group received 6 g/d of long-chain triglycerides (LCT group) as a negative control. Cognition (secondary outcome) was monitored 4 times: baseline, 1.5 and 3 mo after initiation of the intervention (intervention), and 1.5 mo after termination of the intervention (postintervention follow-up). Cognition scores were assessed by a linear mixed model (intention-to-treat analysis). Results MCT supplementation increased the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score by 3.5 points at the 3-mo intervention from baseline (P &lt; 0.001) [intention-to-treat adjusted means: baseline 17.5 points (95% CI: 14.9, 20.2), 3-mo intervention 21.0 points (18.3, 23.7)], whereas LCT supplementation decreased the MMSE score by −0.7 points [baseline 17.0 points (95% CI: 14.4, 19.6), 3-mo intervention 16.3 points (13.6, 18.9)]. At the 3-mo intervention, the difference in MMSE score between the MCT (21.0 points) and LCT (16.3 points) groups became significant (P &lt; 0.05). The increase in MMSE score in response to MCTs was 2.1-fold greater at 3 mo than at 1.5 mo and had returned to baseline value at the 4.5-mo postintervention follow-up visit. Conclusion Supplementation with 6 g MCTs/d may improve the cognition of frail elderly individuals. This trial was registered at umin.ac.jp as UMIN000023302.

scholarly journals Kihito, a Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine, Improves Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Watari ◽  
Yutaka Shimada ◽  
Mie Matsui ◽  
Chihiro Tohda
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
State Examination

Background and Aims. We previously reported that the administration of traditional Japanese medicines, kihito (Gui-Pi-Tang in Chinese) and kamikihito (Jia-Wei-Gui-Pi-Tang in Chinese), to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model mice improved memory impairment. There are a few reports that show kihito and kamikihito have a beneficial effect on the cognitive function of AD patients in clinical studies. However, these studies are not comparative and are retrospective studies; thus, more evidence is needed. Therefore, we conducted an open-label, crossover designed clinical trial to investigate the effect of kihito on cognitive function of AD patients. Methods. The inclusion criteria for eligible patients were as follows: (1) imaging diagnosis (magnetic resonance imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography) of AD, (2) a treatment regimen including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs), and (3) a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥15. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) change in ChEI dosage, (2) memantine usage, and (3) MMSE score < 15. To prevent bias in age and baseline cognitive function, patients were divided into two groups: the first group received 2.5 g of kihito extract 3 times/day during the first half of the study (weeks 0-16) and the second group received the same dose of kihito during the second half of the study (weeks 17-32). ChEI dosage did not change during the study period. Patients underwent a cognitive function test during weeks 0, 16, and 32. Cognitive function was evaluated by Japanese versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-J) and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS-J) test. Results. Ten patients completed the clinical trial (4 males, 6 females, average age 71.7 years). MMSE-J scores significantly increased during the kihito intake period. RBANS-J test scores had a slight improvement during the kihito intake period compared with the ChEI alone treatment period, but no significant changes were observed. Conclusion. Kihito improves cognitive function in AD patients.

scholarly journals Mini-Mental State Examination is superior to plasma glucose concentrations in monitoring patients with suspected hypoglycaemic disorders during the 72-hour fast

2005 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wiesli ◽  
Beat Schwegler ◽  
Beat Schmid ◽  
Giatgen A Spinas ◽  
Christoph Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
State Examination

Objective: To determine whether systematic evaluation of cognitive function by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) allows the objective detection and documentation of cognitive deterioration in patients referred for evaluation of suspected hypoglycaemic disorders by the 72-h fast. Design: Prospective case series. Methods: In 50 patients referred for evaluation of suspected hypoglycaemic disorders, the MMSE score (maximum 30 points) was assessed at the start and at the end of the fast. Results: The fast was terminated before 72 h in 14 patients because they developed neuroglycopenic symptoms due to hypoglycaemic disorders. Their MMSE score fell from a median of 29 points (range 20–30) at the beginning to 17 points (range 0–24) at the termination of the fast. The score dropped by ≥6 points in all patients with hypoglycaemic disorders. Median (range) plasma glucose concentration at the end of the fast was 2.1 (1.1–2.5) mmol/l. Thirty-six individuals developed no neuroglycopenic symptoms throughout the 72-h fast, their MMSE score remained between 27 and 30 throughout the fast and their median plasma glucose concentration dropped to 2.9 (2–3.6) mmol/l. Conclusions: Systematic evaluation of cognitive function by the MMSE at the beginning and at the termination of the fast allows objective determination and documentation of the deterioration of the cognitive state in patients with hypoglycaemic disorders. A decline in the cognitive performance by ≥6 points in the MMSE score rather than a distinct plasma glucose concentration should be used as the criterion to terminate the prolonged fast before 72 h.

scholarly journals Effect of Astaxanthin supplementation on cognitive function and depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
State Examination

Background: The oral administration of Astaxanthin may decrease depression symptoms and improved cognitive function through its beneficial effects on inflammation, and oxidative stress. Objective: This study was designed to assess whether Astaxanthin supplementation can reduce symptoms of depression and increase MMSE score in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in 44 patients between 30 and 60 y of age with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either a single capsule of 8 mg of Astaxanthin /day (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 wk. The primary [Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which examines depressive symptoms] and secondary (Mini-Mental State Examination (MSSE) score, which evaluates cognitive function) outcomes were assessed. Results: After 8 week of intervention, Mini-Mental State Examination baseline score was significantly improved only in the group treated with Astaxanthin, during study (p < 0.01). But no significant reduction in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was observed in both group. Conclusion: Overall, Astaxanthin supplementation of patients with diabetes for 8 weeks had beneficial effects on the MMSE score. Key words: Astaxanthin, Cognitive function Depression

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document