scholarly journals Impact of Estrogen Withdrawal and Replacement in Female Mice along the Intestinal Tract. Comparison of E2 Replacement with the Effect of a Mixture of Low Dose Pollutants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8685
Author(s):  
Claudie Pinteur ◽  
Benoit Julien ◽  
Nathalie Véga ◽  
Hubert Vidal ◽  
Danielle Naville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Estrogen Regulation ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Gut Homeostasis ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Estrogen Withdrawal ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Sucrose

Postmenopausal women represent a vulnerable population towards endocrine disruptors due to hormonal deficit. We previously demonstrated that chronic exposure of ovariectomized C57Bl6/J mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet to a low-dose mixture of chemicals with one dioxin, one polychlorobiphenyl, one phthalate, and bisphenol A triggered metabolic alterations in the liver but the intestine was not explored. Yet, the gastrointestinal tract is the main route by which pollutants enter the body. In the present study, we investigated the metabolic consequences of ovarian withdrawal and E2 replacement on the various gut segments along with investigating the impact of the mixture of pollutants. We showed that genes encoding estrogen receptors (Esr1, Gper1 not Esr2), xenobiotic processing genes (e.g., Cyp3a11, Cyp2b10), and genes related to gut homeostasis in the jejunum (e.g., Cd36, Got2, Mmp7) and to bile acid biosynthesis in the gut (e.g., Fgf15, Slc10a2) and liver (e.g., Abcb11, Slc10a1) were under estrogen regulation. Exposure to pollutants mimicked some of the effects of E2 replacement, particularly in the ileum (e.g., Esr1, Nr1c1) suggesting that the mixture had estrogen-mimetic activities. The present findings have important implications for the understanding of estrogen-dependent metabolic alterations with regards to situations of loss of estrogens as observed after menopause.

The impact of subchronic low-dose exposure to nonylphenol on depression-like behaviors in high-sucrose and high-fat diet induced rats

Toxicology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Xu ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Zhigang Jiang ◽  
Wenxia Yan ◽  
Shengnan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Sucrose

scholarly journals The influence of high and low levels of arsenic in the human body on the process of carcinogenesis, based on function, expression and genetic polymorphisms in the genes encoding the two arsenic transporters - water channels AQP and glucose transporters glut (SLC2A)

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-392
Author(s):  
Jakub Kubiś ◽  
Marek Kmiec ◽  
Jan Bińkowski ◽  
Marta Sróżyńska
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transporters ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Function Expression ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Arsenic Transport

Arsenic is a metallic element commonly found in soil, water and plants, and thereby can easily enter the food chain. When arsenic enters the body through food consumption, it subsequently passes into the cells through water channels (AQP) and glucose transporters (GLUT), where it may exert a various metabolic alterations including genotoxicity, which may finally promote carcinogenesis. However, there are human populations showing a reduced adverse effects of arsenic. This is mainly due to a natural selection caused by a long-term environmental exposure to a large doses of arsenic. Aquaporins AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, AQP10 and glucose transporters SLC2A1 (GLUT1), SLC2A4 (GLUT4) are considered as the candidate genes associated with resistance to arsenic in the carcinogenesis process as they are closely related to the occurrence of a various types of cancers, while their products are associated with arsenic transport.

Hypoglycemic effects of wheat bran alkyresorcinols in high-fat/high-sucrose diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic male mice and protection of pancreatic β cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3282-3290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Tu ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xitao Cao ◽  
Shuyun Zhu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

In the present study, the hypoglycemic effects of wheat bran alkyresorcinols were investigated in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice induced by a high-fat/high-sucrose diet combined with low dose streptozotocin.

Age Influence in the Prognosis of Bacterial Secondary Peritonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027
Author(s):  
Dorel Firescu ◽  
Cristina Serban ◽  
Aurel Nechita ◽  
Mihaela Dumitru ◽  
Laura Rebegea
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secondary Peritonitis ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Severe Peritonitis ◽  
The Impact

Today the age of 60-65 years old is considered the seniority threshold. The structural, functional and metabolic alterations which occur following to the aging process determine an exacerbation of the impact which any aggression will have on the body. This retrospective study analyses a group of 245 patients with severe peritonitis, which had been hospitalized and treated in Surgery 2nd Clinic of the Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency Clinical Hospital in the period 2007-2016. The median age 54 years old [range 30-95]; 68 patients (27.76% of cases) were ] 65 years old (65+) and 177 patients (72.24% of cases) with age between [ 65 years old (65-). Out of the results obtained, it is obvious the impact of age in the evolution and prognosis of bacterial peritonitis.

scholarly journals Antagonism of the Actions of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-α by Bile Acids

2001 ◽  
Vol 276 (50) ◽  
pp. 47154-47162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Sinal ◽  
Michung Yoon ◽  
Frank J. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Bile Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Impact

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates the expression of a number of genes critical for fatty acid β-oxidation. Because a number of substrates and intermediates of this metabolic pathway serve as ligand activators of this receptor, homeostatic control of fatty acid metabolism is achieved. Evidence also exists for PPARα-dependent regulation of genes encoding critical enzymes of bile acid biosynthesis. To determine whether the primary products of bile acid biosynthesis, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, were capable of modulating PPARα function, a variety ofin vivoandin vitroapproaches were utilized. Feeding a bile acid-enriched diet significantly reduced the degree of hepatomegaly and induction of target genes encoding enzymes of fatty acid β-oxidation caused by treatment with the potent PPARα ligand Wyeth-14,643. Convergent data from mechanistic studies indicate that bile acids interfere with transactivation by PPARα at least in part by impairing the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators. The results of this study provide the first evidence in favor of the existence of compounds, normally found within the body, that are capable of antagonizing the physiological actions of PPARα. The impact of PPARα antagonism by endogenous bile acids is likely to be limited under normal conditions and to have only minimal effects on bile acid homeostasis. However, during certain pathophysiological states where intracellular bile acid concentrations are elevated, meaningful effects on PPARα-dependent target gene regulation are possible.

scholarly journals Impact of MR on mature adipocytes in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Hayakawa ◽  
Tomomi Minemura ◽  
Toshiharu Onodera ◽  
Jihoon Shin ◽  
Yosuke Okuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
A Minor ◽  
High Sucrose

Active glucocorticoid levels are elevated in the adipose tissue of obesity due to the enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. Glucocorticoids can bind and activate both glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and pharmacological blockades of MR prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. To determine the significance of MR in adipocytes, we generated adipocyte-specific MR-knockout mice (AdipoMR-KO) and fed them high-fat/high-sucrose diet. We found that adipocyte-specific deletion of MR did not affect the body weight, fat weight, glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. While liver weight was slightly reduced in AdipoMR-KO, there were no significant differences in the mRNA expression levels of genes associated with lipogenesis, lipolysis, adipocytokines and oxidative stress in adipose tissues between the control and AdipoMR-KO mice. The results indicated that MR in mature adipocytes plays a minor role in the regulation of insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obese mice.

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Training Prevents Impairment in Renal Parameters and in Body Composition of Rats Fed a High Sucrose Diet.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Aparecida Souza ◽  
Angélica Barbosa Gonçalves Pinto ◽  
Emerson Cruz Oliveira ◽  
Daniel B. Coelho ◽  
Nádia Lúcia Totou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Renal Cells ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Retroperitoneal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of swimming training (T) on the renal system and body composition parameters in young animals treated with a high sucrose diet (SUD) during 12 weeks.Results: The SUD impaired the physical performance, increased the body adiposity index (BAI), Lee index (LI) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RAT) weight, proteinuria, plasma creatinine and number renal cells nuclei, decreased urinary volume and creatinine besides creatinine clearance. The T reversed the increased the BAI, LI, RAT weight, plasma and urinary creatinine, creatinine clearance and number renal cells nuclei. This study found that eight weeks of swimming physical training protected renal function and restored normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values. Swimming training also contributed to prevention of the onset of a renal inflammatory process and caused a decrease in the risk of development of obesity promoted by SUD decreasing the body composition parameters (BAI, LI, and RAT weight).

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise training prevents impairment in renal parameters and in body composition of rats fed a high sucrose diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline A. de Souza ◽  
Angélica B. Gonçalves Pinto ◽  
Emerson C. de Oliveira ◽  
Daniel B. Coelho ◽  
Nádia L. Totou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Renal Cells ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of swimming training (T) on the renal system and body composition parameters in young animals treated with a high sucrose diet (SUD) during 12 weeks. Results The SUD impaired the physical performance, increased the body adiposity index (BAI), Lee index (LI) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RAT) weight, plasma creatinine and number renal cells nuclei, decreased urinary volume and urinary creatinine excretion besides creatinine clearance. The T reversed the increased the BAI, LI, RAT weight, plasma and urinary creatinine, creatinine clearance and number renal cells nuclei in addition to promoting decrease in urinary protein excretion. This study found that eight weeks of swimming physical training protected renal function and restored normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values. Swimming training also contributed to prevention of the onset of a renal inflammatory process and caused a decrease in the risk of development of obesity promoted by SUD decreasing the body composition parameters (BAI, LI, and RAT weight).

scholarly journals Chronic exposure to a pollutant mixture at low doses led to tissue-specific metabolic alterations in male mice fed standard and high-fat high-sucrose diet

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 1187-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Naville ◽  
Guillain Gaillard ◽  
Benoit Julien ◽  
Nathalie Vega ◽  
Claudie Pinteur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose
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