Effect of the COVID-19 Emergency on Physical Function among School-Aged Children

In April 2020, the Japanese government declared a state of emergency due to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Schools were closed and a stay-at-home order was issued in April and May 2020. This before-and-after study aimed to measure the effects of these COVID-19-related restrictions on physical function among Japanese children. The study included children aged 6–7 years, enrolled before and after the emergency declaration. Their body fat percentage, single-leg standing time, Gait Deviation Index score, and history of falls were compared. There were 56 and 54 children in the before and after groups, respectively. Children in the after group had a higher body fat percentage (p = 0.037), shorter single-leg standing time (p = 0.003), and a larger number of falls per month (p < 0.001) than those in the before group. In the logistic regression analysis, children in the after group had a significantly shorter single-leg standing time (odds ratio (OR): 0.985, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.972−0.997, p = 0.013), a greater number of falls per month (OR: 1.899, 95% CI: 1.123−3.210, p = 0.017), and a higher body fat percentage (OR: 1.111, 95% CI: 1.016−1.215, p = 0.020) than those in the before group. The COVID-19 emergency restrictions had a negative effect on children’s physical function, especially on balance.

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Comparison of CrossFit Barbara and classic resistance trainings for the protection of strength performance during off-season in kickboxers

Isokinetics and Exercise Science ◽

10.3233/ies-203190 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Cebrail Gençoğlu ◽

İlhan Şen

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Bench Press ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Strength Performance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Push Up

BACKGROUND: The inability of athletes to train or the decrease in the intensity and frequency of training may cause athletes to lose performance. Particularly in view of the current COVID-19 pandemic, maintaining strength outside the normal framework provides an advantage to athletes for the next competitions. OBJECTIVE: To compare the CrossFit Barbara which can be applied easily at home during the off-season or some situations such as the epidemic limitation to classic resistance training methods used to maintain the strength performance of national kickboxers. METHODS: Forty-three national kickboxers, CrossFit (CF, n= 22), and resistance training (RT, n= 21), participated in this study. While CF performed 20 pull-ups, 30 push-ups, 40 sit-ups, and 50 squat exercises, RT performed bench press, lat pull down, leg press, biceps curl, and triceps extension exercises twice per week for six weeks. Before and after the six weeks, the following variables were measured; body mass (BM) and body fat percentage (FP), VO2max, bench press (BP), squat (SQ), leg strength (LS), hand grip strength (HGS), pull-up, push-up and counter movement jump (CMJ). RESULTS: BP (p< 0.001, F= 41.125, ηp2= 0.501), SQ (p< 0.001, F= 26.604, ηp2= 0.394), LS (p< 0.001, F= 15.234, ηp2= 0.271), push-up (p< 0.001, F= 31.978, ηp2= 0.438) and pull-up (p< 0.001, F= 24.410, ηp2= 0.373) values changed significantly in group-time interaction between CF and RT groups, while there was no significant difference for the BM (p= 0.198, F= 1.715, ηp2= 0.040), Fat (p= 0.265, F= 1.279, ηp2= 0.030), HGS (p= 0.665, F= 0.190, ηp2= 0.005, CMJ (p= 0.054, F= 3.946, ηp2= 0.088) and VO2max (p=0.747, F= 0.106, ηp2= 0.003). Furthermore, according to the before and after study values, BP, SQ, LS, and CMJ decreased significantly (p< 0.05) while BM, FP, HGS, VO2max, pull-up and push-up variables did not in the CF (p> 0.05). In the RT, the pull-up and push-up variables decreased significantly (p< 0.05) while there was no significant difference for BP, SQ, LS, HGS, VO2max, body mass, body fat percentage and CMJ (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: CF Barbara workout was more effective in maintaining strength endurance performances, and RT in maintaining maximum strength performances. According to the individual performance needs of athletes, reasonable training method can be used to prevent performance decrement in the strength domain.

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Perbandingan Persentase Lemak Tubuh Sebelum dan Setelah Melakukan Senam Zumba pada Wanita Dewasa

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.6.2.2018.22110 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Brigitta A. Tendean ◽

Damajanty H. C. Pangemanan ◽

Ivonny M. Sapulete

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Rank Test ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Percentage Of Body Fat ◽

Before And After ◽

Signed Rank Test

Abstract: Physical activity is a body movement produced by skeletal muscles which requires energy. Lack of physical activity has a negative impact, one of which is an increase in body fat percentage above the normal threshold or often associated with obesity. Zumba is one of the popular aerobic exercises in the form of dancing. This study was aimed to compare the percentage of body fat before and after undertaking Zumba exercise in adult woman. This was an experimental field study with the one group pretest-posttest design. Samples were obtained by using total sampling technique. Zumba exercise was undertaken for 4 weeks, 3 times a week for 60 minutes. The percentage of body fat was measured by using an instrument based on Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. Data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The results showed that l6 subjects were involved in this study. The mean percentage of body fat percentage before Zumba exercise was 39.300% (SD±8.1041) meanwhile the mean percentage of body fat percentage after Zumba exercise was 39.031% (SD±7.9232). The statistical analysis to compare the body fat percentage before and after doing Zumba exercise obtained a P value of 0.065. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in body fat percentage before and after undertaking 4-week Zumba exercise among adult females.Keywords: body fat percentage, Zumba exercise Abstrak: Aktivitas fisik merupakan gerakan tubuh yang dihasilkan otot rangka yang memer-lukan energi. Kurangnya aktivitas fisik seperti olahraga memiliki dampak negatif, salah satunya peningkatan persentase lemak tubuh di atas ambang normal atau obesitas. Olahraga yang sedang popular belakangan ini ialah senam Zumba, yaitu latihan aerobik dalam bentuk tarian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan persentase lemak tubuh sebelum dan setelah melakukan senam zumba pada wanita dewasa. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental lapangan dengan desain one group pretest-posttest. Teknik sampling yang digunakan ialah total sampling. Senam Zumba dilakukan selama 4 minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali seminggu yang berdurasi 60 menit. Persentase lemak tubuh diukur menggunakan alat berbasis bioelectrical impedance analysis. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 16 subjek. Rerata persentase lemak tubuh sebelum senam Zumba yaitu 39,300% (SD±8,1041). Rerata persentase lemak tubuh setelah senam Zumba yaitu 39,031% (SD±7,9232). Hasil uji perbandingan persentase lemak tubuh sebelum dan setelah melakukan senam zumba menunjukkan nilai P=0,065. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna dari persentase lemak tubuh sebelum dan setelah melakukan senam zumba selama 4 minggu pada wanita dewasa.Kata kunci: persentase lemak tubuh, senam Zumba

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IDENTIFICATION OF FEMALE ATHLETE TRIAD RISK FACTORS IN HIGH SCHOOL DISTANCE RUNNERS AND PREVALENCE OF IRON SUPPLEMENTATION: A PILOT STUDY

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120s00280 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽

pp. 2325967120S0028

Author(s):

Paige Skorseth ◽

Nicole Segovia ◽

Katherine Hastings ◽

Aleksei Dingel ◽

Emily Kraus

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Fat ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Free T3 ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

History Of ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: The female athlete triad (Triad) has been associated with increased risk of bone stress injury (BSI) in certain populations. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of Triad risk factors and identify hormonal and extrinsic factors that may influence Triad risk in high school (HS) distance runners. Methods: Thirty-nine female HS distance runners completed a questionnaire, which included disordered eating (DE)/eating disorder (ED), menstrual irregularities, BSI history, and height/weight. Serum labs were obtained, including ferritin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, estradiol, insulin-like growth factor, and free T3. Runners completed dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure bone mineral density (BMD) using Z-scores that are age, sex and ethnicity-matched. Body fat percentage was also obtained. A risk score was then calculated using energy availability (EA), body mass index (BMI), age of menarche, oligomenorrhea, BMD, and history of BSI. The statistical model used was Spearman correlation coefficient. P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The average age was 16.9 years. 76.3% of runners reported history of DE/ED, 23.7% delayed menarche, 45.0% amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. 35.9% had low BMD (Z-score<-1.0) and 15.8% reported prior BSI. Average BMI was 19.8 kg/m2 and average BMI percentile was 36.2. Low free T3 was significantly associated with higher Triad risk scores (Spearman=-0.36, p=0.028). The association of low BMD with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D neared statistical significance (Spearman=0.28, p=0.086). BMD was significantly correlated with body fat percentage and BMI percentile (body fat percentage rs=0.36, p=0.028; BMI percentile rs=0.48, p=0.002). Conclusions: The prevalence of individual Triad risk factors in HS distance runners was high, with an alarmingly increased number of athletes with history of DE/ED and over 1/3 of runners with low BMD. Free T3 was inversely associated with Triad risk scores, which may be an indicator of low EA. Proper screening for the Triad in HS runners is imperative to help identify risk factors which may lead to future BSI. Further research is needed on the role of lab assessments in risk stratification. [Table: see text][Table: see text]

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Relationship Between the Adequacy of Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Body Fat Percentage with Pain and Physical Function Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Elderly in Policlinic Geriatric RSCM

Advanced Science Letters ◽

10.1166/asl.2018.12863 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 6856-6859

Author(s):

F Khairunnisa ◽

P. D Swamilaksita ◽

L Sitoayu ◽

P. W Laksmi

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Physical Function ◽

Body Fat ◽

The Elderly ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage

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Type 2 Diabetes Risk among Asian Indians in the US: A Pilot Study

Nursing Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2013/492893 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Annie Thomas ◽

Alyce Ashcraft

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Fat ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

The Us ◽

History Of

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate type 2 diabetes risk among Asian Indians of Kerala ethnicity living in a West Texas County of the USA. The study used a descriptive correlational design with thirty-seven adult nondiabetic Asian Indian subjects between 20 and 70 years of age. The measurement included nonbiochemical indices of obesity, family history of type 2 diabetes, length of immigration in the US, history of hypertension, physical activity pattern, and fruit and vegetable intake. The majority of the subjects showed an increased nonbiochemical indices corresponding with overweight and obesity, placing them at risk for type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular complications. The physical activity pattern indicated a sedentary lifestyle. The decreased physical activity was associated with a higher Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage; length of residence in the US greater than 10 years was associated with increased body fat percentage and BMI; family history of type 2 diabetes was associated with an increase in body fat percentage. Fruit and vegetable intake pattern was not associated with a risk for type 2 diabetes. Further studies are recommended for risk surveillance among Asian Indian population living in the US.

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Effects of circuit-type resistance training on industrial opiate induced neurotransmitter disruption and performance changes of previously addicted men

Biomedical Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/bhk-2020-0022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 173-181

Author(s):

Hamid Arazi ◽

Seyedeh Shiva Dadvand

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Body Fat ◽

Muscular Strength ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Resistance Training Program ◽

Before And After ◽

Experimental Group

SummaryStudy aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week circuit-type resistance training program on performance changes and neurotransmitter disruptions induced by industrial opiate in previously addicted men.Materials and methods: Thirty industrial opiate addicted men volunteered to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). The subjects in the experimental group performed circuit-type resistance training for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, with 40–75% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), while the control group did not perform any training. Before and after the training period muscular strength (1RM of bench press) and muscle endurance (sit-ups), flexibility (sit-and-reach), body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and cardio-respiratory endurance were measured. In addition, blood samples were drawn 24 h before and after 8 weeks of training to analyze serum levels of serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins.Results: In this study, 8 weeks of circuit-type resistance training led to significantly higher serum levels of serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins, cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance in the experimental group compared to controls (P < 0.05), while flexibility, body fat percentage and WHR did not differ significantly (P > 0.05).Conclusions: In conclusion, circuit resistance training can improve the serum levels of serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins, as well as indicators of health-related performance previously industrial opiate addicted men.

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INCIDENCE OF ABNORMAL CHOLESTEROL AND HIGH BODY FAT PERCENTAGE AND IT??S RELATIONSHIP TO FAMILY HISTORY OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) IN ACTIVE UNDERGRADUATE KINESIOLOGY MAJORS

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-200205001-01133 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. S201

Author(s):

J W. Womack ◽

K J. Meyer ◽

S F. Crouse

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Family History ◽

Body Fat ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

High Body ◽

History Of ◽

Artery Disease

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Changes in Physical Function and Effects on QOL in Patients after Pancreatic Cancer Surgery

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9070882 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 882

Author(s):

Hideaki Kurokawa ◽

Yoshiteru Akezaki ◽

Ritsuko Tominaga ◽

Masaki Okamoto ◽

Masato Kikuuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Body Weight ◽

Physical Function ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

The Mean

This study examined the changes in physical function and quality of life (QOL) of postoperative patients with pancreatic cancer for 3 months after surgery and examined the factors affecting the QOL at the 3 months after surgery. Methods: This study comprised 32 pancreatic cancer patients who underwent surgery at our hospital. Among these patients, 20 patients for whom data was measured before surgery to 3 months after surgery were selected for statistical analyses: 8 males and 12 females, 69.8 ± 7.4 years. The preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation was given to patients under the guidance of a physiotherapist. Nutritional status, body composition, physical function, gait assessments, and QOL were investigated. Results: Body weight, body fat mass, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and muscle mass significantly decreased 3 months after surgery compared with their respective preoperative values. The mean grip strength at the time of 3 months after the surgery had decreased significantly from 27.3 kg to 24.5 kg. The mean skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) had decreased significantly from 6.3 kg before surgery to 5.9 kg after the surgery. The QOL scores for global health status, physical, and role showed significant decreases 2 weeks after surgery compared with the respective preoperative scores. Significant improvements in these scores were observed 3 months after surgery compared with the respective scores 2 weeks after surgery. Physical function assessments after surgery were associated with QOL 3 months after surgery. Conclusion: Recovery of patients after pancreatic cancer surgery in body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, body fat percentage, muscle mass, SMI, and grip strength was not sufficient at the time of 3 months after surgery. It has been observed that physical function of patients has affected the improvement of QOL.

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