scholarly journals Postcoital Vaginal Perforation and Evisceration in Women with No Prior Pelvic Surgery: Laparoscopic Management and Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Stabile ◽  
Denise Mordeglia ◽  
Federico Romano ◽  
Stefania Carlucci ◽  
Francesco Paolo Mangino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Vaginal Evisceration ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis

Objective: to evaluate risk factors, causes, management and surgical therapy of postcoital vaginal perforation and evisceration in women with no prior pelvic surgery. Data sources: We used MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase and Web of Science for our research. Our review includes all reports from 1980 to November 2020. The research strategy adopted included different combinations of the following terms: (intercourse) AND (coitus) AND (vaginal perforation). Methods of study selection: we report a case of vaginal evisceration after consensual intercourse in a young and healthy woman. In addition, we performed a systematic review of vaginal perforations with or without evisceration in women without prior surgery or any other predisposing disease. All studies identified were listed by citation, title, authors and abstract. Duplicates were identified by an independent manual screening, performed by one researcher and then removed. For the eligibility process, two authors independently screened the title and abstracts of all non-duplicated papers and excluded those not pertinent to the topic. Tabulation, integration and results: We have followed the PRISMA guidelines. Five manuscripts were detected through the references of the works that had been identified with the research on MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase and Web of Science. We found 16 cases between 1980 and 2020. The young age and the virginal status represent the principal risk factors and all the lacerations occurred in the posterior vaginal fornix. The most common surgical technique was the laparotomic approach and, in the remaining cases, the laparoscopic and vaginal route was performed. Conclusions: Post-coital vaginal perforation and evisceration in women with no prior pelvic surgery is a rare condition in the clinical practice and, when it is associated with evisceration it is a surgical emergency. Usually, these injuries are not life-threatening conditions but, a delay in diagnosis, can lead to severe complications. In consideration of the high heterogeneity of the data in the literature, it is essential to define a diagnostic–therapeutic management for the patients with vaginal perforation. With our review, we try to identify the associated risk factors, the best and fastest diagnosis, and the best surgical approach. We believe that a combined vaginal and laparoscopic approach can be the best surgical treatment, useful to diagnose injuries of the abdominal organs and to improve postoperative outcome.

scholarly journals Interventions for the prevention of risk factors and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the work environment: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Inolopú ◽  
Nélida Hilario-Huapaya ◽  
Martín Alonso Tantaleán-Del-Águila ◽  
Yamilee Hurtado-Roca ◽  
Cesar Ugarte-GilI
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Metabolic Parameter ◽  
Quasi Experimental

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at the prevention of risk factors and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the workers population. METHODS: Systematic review of interventions aimed at adult workers at risk of type 2 diabetes published in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Central Cochrane Registry of Controlled Trials, and Lilacs. Randomized trials, quasi-experimental research and cohort studies were selected; in English, Spanish and Portuguese; published from 2000 to 2017. Intervention effectiveness was evaluated concerning the incidence of type 2 diabetes and a significant reduction in body weight, or another anthropometric or metabolic parameter. RESULTS: 3,024 articles were generated, of which 2,825 that did not answer the research question were eliminated, as well as 130 that did not evaluate original interventions, 57 carried out outside the workplace and two reviews; so that 10 selected items remained. Interventions based on structured programs previously evaluated and integrated into the workplace had a favorable impact on the reduction of body weight and other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for the prevention of type 2 diabetes should be based on structured programs with proven effectiveness and adapted to the workplace, with employer participation in the provision of schedules and work environments.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy with Unaffected Intrauterine Pregnancy: Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Mihaela Oancea ◽  
Razvan Ciortea ◽  
Doru Diculescu ◽  
Alexandra-Andreea Poienar ◽  
Mihaela Grigore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Heterotopic Pregnancy ◽  
Intrauterine Pregnancy ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Reproductive Techniques

Background and objective: Spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy (SHP) is a rare condition represented by the synchronous coexistence of an intrauterine and an ectopic pregnancy. It rarely occurs with natural conception and is usually a consequence of assisted reproductive techniques. Diagnosis of SHP can be a challenge for the clinician. The evolution of the intrauterine pregnancy is dependent on many factors, such as the location of the heterotopic pregnancy, gestational age at the time of diagnosis, the surgical procedure, the presence of other risk factors, early or delayed management. The aim of this systematic review of the literature was to extract existing evidence on spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy with otherwise unaffected intrauterine pregnancy. Materials and Methods: From a total of 1907 database entries identified in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane reviews, we selected 18 papers for narrative synthesis, for which we explored the diagnostic options, treatment, and outcome of these extremely rare epidemiologic occurrences. Manuscripts were assessed using the CARE guidelines for reporting case reports. Results: The main symptom was abdominal pain, and the preferred treatment approach was surgical, more precisely, using a laparoscopic approach. Most cases presented no risk factors, and the diagnosis was mostly made in the first semester. Conclusions: Normal follow-up and evolution of intrauterine pregnancy have been observed regardless of surgical approach (open or laparoscopic). Early diagnosis and treatment are advised, as they impact maternal and fetal outcomes. Evidence on this topic is scarce, predominantly comprised of case reports with variable degrees of adherence to dissemination guidelines. More studies on this topic are required to optimize care protocols for this type of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Incidence of Fatal Anaphylaxis: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Perez-Codesido ◽  
A Rosado-Ingelmo ◽  
M Privitera-Torres ◽  
E Pérez Fernández ◽  
A Nieto-Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Hymenoptera Venom ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fatal Anaphylaxis

Background: Fatal anaphylaxis is very rare, with an incidence ranging from 0.5 to 1 deaths per million person-years. Objective: Based on a systematic review, we aimed to explain differences in the reported incidence of fatal anaphylaxis based on the methodological and demographic factors addressed in the various studies. Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science for relevant retrospective and prospective cohort studies and registry studies that had assessed the anaphylaxis death rate for the population of a country or for an administrative region. The research strategy was based on combining “anaphylaxis” with “death”, “study design”, and “main outcomes” (incidence). Results: A total of 46 studies met the study criteria and included 16,541 deaths. The range of the anaphylaxis mortality rate for all causes of anaphylaxis was 0.002-2.51 deaths per million person-years. Fatal anaphylaxis due to food (range 0.002-0.29) was rarer than deaths due to drugs (range 0.004-0.56) or Hymenoptera venom (range 0.02-0.61). The frequency of deaths due to anaphylaxis by drugs increased during the study period (IRR per year, 1.02, 95%CI 1.00-1.04). We detected considerable heterogeneity in almost all of the meta-analyses carried out. Conclusion: The incidence of fatal anaphylaxis is very low and differs according to the various subgroups analyzed. The studies were very heterogeneous. Fatal anaphylaxis due to food seems to be less common than fatal anaphylaxis due to drugs or Hymenoptera venom.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Neuromelioidosis in Asia-Pacific: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 318-326
Author(s):  
Mohd ’Ammar Ihsan Ahmad Zamzuri ◽  
Mohd Nazrin Jamhari ◽  
Haniff Mohd Nawi ◽  
Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ◽  
Nicholas Tze Ping Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Introduction: Neuromelioidosis is a rare complication of melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in soil and surface water. Although cerebral involvement of melioidosis comprises only 4% of total complications, it significantly impacts mortality and morbidity. This study aims to perform a systematic review on various neurological complications of melioidosis in the Asia-Pacific region within the previous 5 years. Method: Systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science databases and Google Scholar on neuromelioidosis complications published from 2015-2019. Results: Central nervous system (CNS) complications comprise 5% of all cases of melioidosis. 16 selected articles were analysed based on its risk factors like diabetes mellitus, chronic renal and lung disease, alcohol abuse, and immunosuppression. Neuromelioidosis is detected 6-14 days after the first presentation and confirmed by detailed investigations. Radioimaging helps to differentiate neuromelioidosis from other diagnoses such as meningitis or brain abscess. The majority of literature recommended 2-week intensive Ceftazidime or Meropenem therapy, followed by 3–6 months Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole oral eradication therapy. Conclusion: Neuromelioidosis is rare, with relatively nonspecific CNS clinical features. Patients or travelers from endemic areas with risk factors should be treated cautiously. Radioimaging modalities aid early microbiological sampling and appropriate antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Risk factors leading to peptic ulcer disease: systematic review in literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghareed M. Asali ◽  
Mohammed A. Alghamdi ◽  
Sumayah A. Fallatah ◽  
Walaa A. Alholaily ◽  
Raja G. Aldandan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
H Pylori

This review is aiming to discuss the risk factors which lead to the occurrence of PUD during the period from July 2018 to August 2018. The present review was conducted by searching in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, BMJ journal and Google Scholar for, researches, review articles and reports, published over the past years. Books published on peptic ulcers and on the pathogenesis of human disease were also included., were searched up to August 2018 for published and unpublished studies and without language restrictions, the selected studies were summarized and un reproducible studies were excluded. If several studies had similar findings, we randomly selected one or two to avoid repetitive results. On the basis of findings and results this review found the H. Pylori and the use of NSAIDs are the most common risk factors for developing PUD, and also the genetic, stress and comorbidity increase the risk of PUD occurrence so successful eradication and prevention of the risk factors should be conducted to prevent the presence of PUD and is complication.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Instruments Used for Evaluating Causal Beliefs and Perceived Heart Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Saeidi ◽  
Saeid Komasi ◽  
Angelo Compare
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Causal Beliefs ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
Grading Scales

Background: The etiologies and causal beliefs of heart disease are considered one of the 5 dimensions of health selfregulatory model. Thus, the present study aimed to review the literature and screen the appropriate tools for evaluating the causal beliefs and perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs). Methods: The review samples encompassed all published articles from 1992 to March 2017. A systematic search was conducted across 6 databases: the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, EBSCO, ProQuest, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. The qualitative evaluation of the articles was examined using the checklists of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) by 2 independent investigators. After the application of the criteria for inclusion in the study, 22 studies were obtained according to the PRISMA guidelines.  Results: A total of 10 504 (50.5% male) patients at an average age of 57.85±10.75 years participated in 22 studies under review. The results of the systematic review showed that 22 tools were available to measure PHRFs. The instruments were categorized into 4 groups of valid scales (6 studies), invalid questionnaires (6 studies), checklists (3 studies), and open-ended single items (7 studies). Only 23.2% of the measuring instruments were sufficiently valid. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that a limited number of valid tools were available to measure PHRFs. Considering the importance of studying cardiac patients’ perception of the etiology of disease and the paucity of standards and valid grading scales, it seems necessary to design and provide tools with broader content that can cover all aspects of patients’ beliefs.  

scholarly journals Genotyping for NOD2 Genetic Variants and Crohn Disease: a Metaanalysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1950-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Yazdanyar ◽  
Maren Weischer ◽  
Børge G Nordestgaard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Crohn Disease ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Compound Heterozygotes ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

Abstract Background: Arg702Trp, Gly908Arg, and Leu1007fsinsC variants of the NOD2 gene (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2; alias, CARD15) influence the risk of Crohn disease. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to examine whether Arg702Trp, Gly908Arg, and Leu1007fsinsC are equally important risk factors for Crohn disease. In addition, we used studies for which combined information from all genotypes was available to compare risks in simple heterozygotes, compound heterozygotes, and homozygotes. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched. Seventy-five articles (18 727 cases and 17 102 controls) met the inclusion criteria and contributed data to the metaanalyses. Results: The odds ratios per allele for Crohn disease were 2.2 (95% CI, 2.0–2.5) for Arg702Trp, 2.6 (2.2–2.9) for Gly908Arg, and 3.8 (3.4–4.3) for Leu1007fsinsC (z-test results: Arg702Trp vs Gly908Arg, P = 0.03; Arg702Trp vs Leu1007fsinsC, P < 0.001; Gly908Arg vs Leu1007fsinsC, P < 0.001). When all 3 genotypes were combined, odds ratios for Crohn disease were 2.4 (95% CI, 2.0–2.8) for simple heterozygotes, 9.0 (6.0–13.5) for compound heterozygotes, and 6.7 (4.1–10.9) for homozygotes, compared with noncarriers (z-test results: simple heterozygotes vs compound heterozygotes, P < 0.001; simple heterozygotes vs homozygotes, P < 0.001; compound heterozygotes vs homozygotes, P = 0.18). Conclusions: The per-allele risk of Crohn disease was markedly higher for Leu1007fsinsC than for Arg702Trp and Gly908Arg. Combining all genotypes revealed the risks of Crohn disease for compound heterozygotes and homozygotes to be similar and markedly higher than for simple heterozygotes.

scholarly journals Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaws Due to Teeth Extractions during and after Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5798
Author(s):  
Carlo Lajolo ◽  
Cosimo Rupe ◽  
Gioele Gioco ◽  
Giuseppe Troiano ◽  
Romeo Patini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Major Risk Factor ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Registration Number

Teeth extractions before or after radiotherapy (RT) could be procedures at high risk for osteoradionecrosis (ORN) onset. This systematic review was performed to investigate the ORN incidence following teeth extractions during and after RT for head and neck (H&N) cancer and to evaluate any other possible risk factor. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA protocol, and the PROSPERO registration number was CRD42018079986. An electronic search was performed on the following search engines: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A cumulative meta-analysis was performed. Results: Two thousand two hundred and eighty-one records were screened, and nine were finally included. This systematic review revealed an ORN incidence of 5.8% (41 patients out of 462, 95% CI = 2.3–9.4); 3 ORN developed in the maxilla. No other clinical risk factors were detected. Conclusion: Post-RT teeth extractions represent a major risk factor for ORN development, especially in the mandible, with a diminishing trend in the last years. Further research on other possible risk factors might improve this evidence.

scholarly journals Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e037154
Author(s):  
Holly Wisnousky ◽  
Nick Lazzara ◽  
Matt Ciarletta ◽  
Matt Pelton ◽  
Vernon M Chinchilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Hiv Aids

IntroductionThe prevalence of HIV/AIDS is high and is associated with psychiatric morbidity and suicide risk. The objective of this study will be to assess the rates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).Methods and analysisWe present a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting the suicidality outcomes (suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths) in PLWHA. PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, OVID (HEALTH STAR), OVID (MEDLINE), Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, Web of Science and PsychINFO databases will be searched from their inception until 1 January 2020. The primary outcome of interest will be the incidence of suicidality in PLWHA. In addition, we will delineate risk factors associated with suicidality in PLWHA. Citations, full-text articles and abstracts will be screened by four reviewers independently. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using an appropriate tool. Random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted if we find that the studies are very heterogenous. For the suicidality outcome, probability of suicide risk will be reported. Relative risk ratios (with 95% CIs) will be reported for the effects of the risk factors. Potential publication bias will be assessed by conducting Egger’s test and creating funnel plots. We will conduct additional analyses to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (eg, age, sex and geographical location).Ethics and disseminationNo ethics clearance is required as no primary data will be collected. The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be presented at scientific conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal. The results may inform clinical management of PLWHA and may guide future population-specific interventions.We will search PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, OVID (HEALTH STAR), OVID (MEDLINE), Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, Web of Science and PsychINFO from their inception until 1 January 2020.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020161501.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Severity and Death in COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Pengqiang Du ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Aifeng Wang ◽  
Su Shen ◽  
Zhichao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Comprehensive Search

This meta-analysis aims to screen the risk factors for severe illness and death and provide help for early clinical treatment of the new coronavirus (COVID-19). Based on a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, we included studies that explored the cause and risk factors for severe illness and death in COVID-19 patients. We evaluated the strength of this relationship using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 17 articles were included; 16 of the 17 articles were from China, and the risk factors associated with severe illness and death were age, sex, and multiple comorbidities. Advanced age (≥65 years, severe illness, OR = 2.62; death, OR = 6.00), male (severe illness, OR = 1.49; death, OR = 1.54), chronic respiratory diseases (severe illness, OR = 5.67; death, OR = 3.72), diabetes (severe illness, OR = 3.27; death, OR = 2.60), hypertension (severe illness, OR = 3.08; death, OR = 3.53), chronic kidney disease (severe illness, OR = 3.59; death, OR = 5.38), and cardiovascular diseases (severe illness, OR = 3.87; death, OR = 4.91) were all risk factors. For COVID-19 patients, advanced age, male, and patients with chronic disease are at higher risk of developing severe illness or even death.

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