scholarly journals Gender Bias and the Lack of Equity in Pandemic Nursing in China: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10273
Author(s):  
Pingting Zhu ◽  
Qiwei Wu ◽  
Xinyi Liu ◽  
Ericka Waidley ◽  
Qiaoying Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Female Nurses

There has long been a gender bias in medicine. This qualitative study aims to identify the experience of sexism among frontline female nurses and further explore their expectations and possible strategies to get rid of gender bias. This is a descriptive phenomenological study of 23 female nurses with 11 ± 3.98 years of experience who spent 36 ± 6.50 days at the frontline during the initial COVID-19 outbreak. We employed Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method to understand the subjective experiences, revealing the following themes: (a) materialization of gender identity; (b) incoordinate relationships; (c) future voice of female nurses. The gender bias experienced by female frontline nurses further challenges their emotional identity and self-identity. Therefore, it is important to require extensive consciousness-raising and policy support to defend female nurses’ rights.

scholarly journals Eight Hypotheses on Technology Use and Mental Wellbeing: A Cross-Cultural Phenomenological Study of Gaming during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veli-Matti Karhulahti ◽  
Henri Nerg ◽  
Tanja Laitinen ◽  
Antti Päivinen ◽  
Yingrong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Social Gaming

In this nonconfirmatory qualitative study, we pursued a range of possible answers regarding gaming’s role in coping with, managing, and surviving the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. With the help of an explorative survey (n=793), a gaming-based interview frame for interpretive phenomenological analysis on Chinese (n=10) and Finnish (n=10) interviews was developed and applied. The interpreted range of experiences yielded an experiential typology consisting of eight macro types, with a specific statically testable psychological hypothesis drawn from each. As a side product, we found a wide spectrum of social experience related to videogame play, which we present as a 27-component taxonomy of social gaming. The study supports including personally meaningful solitary gaming to the existing policies that promote social videogame play during lockdown situations.

Gender bias in hospital leadership: a qualitative study on the experiences of women CEOs

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Soklaridis ◽  
Ayelet Kuper ◽  
Cynthia R. Whitehead ◽  
Genevieve Ferguson ◽  
Valerie H. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Leadership ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Women Ceos ◽  
Hospital Ceos ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Systemic Discrimination

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the experiences of gender bias among women hospital CEOs and explore to what these female leaders attribute their success within a male-dominated hospital executive leadership milieu. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study involved 12 women hospital CEOs from across Ontario, Canada. Purposeful sampling techniques and in-depth qualitative interview methods were used to facilitate discussion around experiences of gender and leadership. Findings Responses fell into two groups: the first group represented the statement “Gender inequality is alive and well”. The second group reflected the statement “Gender inequity is not significant, did not happen to me, and things are better now”. This group contained a sub-group with no consciousness of systemic discrimination and that claimed having no gendered experiences in their leadership journey. The first group described gender issues in various contexts, from the individual to the systemic. The second group was ambivalent about gender as a factor impacting leadership trajectories. Originality/value Representations of women’s leadership have become detached from feminism, with major consequences for women. This study reveals how difficult it is for some women CEOs to identify gender bias. The subtle everyday norms and practices within the workplace make it difficult to name and explain gender bias explicitly and may explain the challenges in understanding how it might affect a woman’s career path.

scholarly journals Empathy in nurse-patient interaction: a conversation analysis

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Audio Recording ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Female Nurses

Abstract Background Considerable attention has been drawn to empathy in nursing and the concept of empathy has firmly been embedded in nursing discourse. However, little has been known about the details of how nurses express empathy to their patients. In this study, we aim to conduct a qualitative study of actual nurse-patient conversations through which empathy was achieved. Methods The data in this study was based on audio-recording of sessions of conversations between participating nurses and patients in two Chinese hospitals. The participants in this study involved 6 female nurses and 14 patients. Based on Bachelor’s (1988) categorization of empathy, this study described and analyzed the actual empathic sequences in nursing conversations in an attempt to demonstrate how nursing empathy was interactionally achieved using the method of conversation analysis. Conversation analysis (CA), focusing on the study of talk in interaction, is a useful method for the qualitative analysis of empathic talk in nursing. Results By drawing on prior theoretical work as well as on empathic sequence in nursing, this study described and analyzed some of the conversational resources nurses and patients used in achieving empathy. It has been shown that empathy can be interactionally and sequentially achieved in actual sequences of talk. Specifically, nursing empathy is a collaboratively constructed action instead of the nurse’s own committed action, which is produced in specific interactional contexts. Conclusion Conversation analysis is a very useful method for describing and analyzing the nurse-patient interaction, especially for studying empathy in nursing care. The sequences in this study present example of exemplary empathic interaction between nurses and patients, which might shed some light on how nurses express empathy to their patients. Also, this study could help to increase the understanding of the mirco-process of empathy in nursing and contribute to improving nursing communicative skills.

Healthcare and Terrorism: The Lebanese Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nooreddine Iskandar ◽  
Tatiana Rahbany ◽  
Ali Shokor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Due to the common instability caused by political and security issues, Lebanese hospitals have experienced acts of terrorism multiple times. The most recent Beirut Explosion even forced several hospitals to cease operations for the first time in decades—but studies show the preparedness levels for such attacks in similar countries are low. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the experience of Lebanese hospitals with terrorist attacks. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders to assess their experience with terrorist bombings. Data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Results: The researchers found that Lebanese hospitals vary greatly in their structures and procedures. Those differences are a function of 3 contextual factors: location, culture, and accreditation status. Hospitals found near ‘dangerous zones’ were more likely to be aware and to have better response to such events. A severe lack of communication, unity of command, and collaboration between stakeholders has made the process fragmented. Conclusion: The researchers recommend a larger role for the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in this process, and the creation of a platform where Lebanese organizations can share their experiences to improve preparedness and resilience of the Lebanese healthcare system in the face of terrorism.

Subjective experiences of participating in an attachment-based early intervention parenting program

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110082
Author(s):  
Sophie Li-Shan Tan ◽  
Lesley Stafford ◽  
Christina Bryant ◽  
Hannah Jensen ◽  
Angela Komiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Parenting Program ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Child Attachment ◽  
Parenting Role

This qualitative study evaluated an attachment-based group parenting program that utilises mentalisation-based approach. The Building Early Attachment and Resilience (BEAR) program was designed to promote parent-child attachment across the perinatal period and has pre- and post-natal arms. The post-natal component targets mothers and infants at risk for early disturbances of attachment to, and emotional interaction. This evaluation study aimed to explore mothers’ subjective experiences of the post-natal BEAR program in encouraging mothers’ reflection on their role as a parent. Thirteen mothers were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis, with five themes emerging. Overall, mothers reported that the intervention promoted reflection about the parenting role, contributed to perceptions of improved mother-infant interactions and increased understanding of their infant’s internal experiences. The results suggest the BEAR program is acceptable and facilitates the development of secure parent-infant attachment.

scholarly journals The Denied Pleasure of Eating: A Qualitative Study with Functionally Diverse People in Spain

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Carmen Cipriano-Crespo ◽  
Borja Rivero-Jiménez ◽  
David Conde-Caballero ◽  
F. Xavier Medina ◽  
Lorenzo Mariano-Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Visual Aesthetics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Functionally Diverse ◽  
Functional Deficiency

This qualitative study explores the difficulties in experiencing eating-derived pleasure within a group of functionally diverse people, based on personal interviews and Grounded Theory. Understanding the feelings and subjective experiences of functionally diverse people can help develop new approaches to address their loss of pleasure and motivation regarding food intake. The study included 27 participants, aged between 18 and 75 years, all of whom had a functional deficiency that affected the occupational aspects of the eating process. Interviews were conducted in clinical settings and several centres for differently abled people. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: eating through obligation; fear of eating; the social life of food; and the importance of the taste and visual aesthetics of food. These themes underscore the importance of taking into account the phenomenological experiences of pleasure in the eating process.

A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experience of Stuttering

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3S) ◽  
pp. 1180-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Tichenor ◽  
J. Scott Yaruss
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Shared Experience ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Speech Behaviors ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
Over Time

Purpose Stuttering behaviors and moments of stuttering are typically defined by what a listener perceives. This study evaluated participants' perceptions of their own experience of moments of stuttering. Method Thirteen adults who stutter participated in a phenomenological qualitative study examining their experience of moments of stuttering. Analysis yielded several common themes and subthemes culminating in an essential structure describing the shared experience. Results Speakers experience anticipation and react in action and nonaction ways. Many speakers experience a loss of control that relates to a lack of a well-formed speech plan or agency. The experience of moments of stuttering changes through therapy, over time, with self-help, and across situations. Many speakers experience so-called typical stuttering behaviors as reactions rather than direct consequences of trying to speak. Interactions with listeners can affect the experience of stuttering. Conclusion Although research recognizes that the experience of the stuttering disorder involves more than just speech behaviors, people who stutter experience stuttering behaviors in time as involving more than just the disruption in speech. This finding has implications for both the theoretical understanding of stuttering and the clinical evaluation and treatment of the stuttering disorder.

Siblings’ Experiences of Everyday Life in a Family Where One Child Is Diagnosed With Blood Cancer: A Qualitative Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Van Schoors ◽  
Jan De Mol ◽  
Natacha Laeremans ◽  
Lesley L. Verhofstadt ◽  
Liesbet Goubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Safe Harbor ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Blood Cancer ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Background: Childhood cancer not only presents challenges to the life of the child with cancer but also to the siblings’ daily family life. The aim of the current study was to gain a better understanding of siblings’ experiences of living in a family where one child has been diagnosed with blood cancer. Method: Ten siblings of children with leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma completed a semistructured interview about their everyday family life experiences postdiagnosis. The verbatim transcripts of the interviews served as the data for an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: The results showed that overall the siblings experienced a continuity in many aspects of their family life: they still experienced their family as an important source of support and information/communication, as warm and loving and as a safe harbor where family members aim to protect each other. However, at the same time, the participating siblings also expressed that some things felt unmistakably different postdiagnosis: They felt that their family as a whole had been ripped apart, with a greater focus on the diagnosed child and changing responsibilities for each family member. Conclusion: This study informs parents and clinicians about the daily family life experiences from the siblings’ perspective, a perspective that is often overlooked. A focus on challenges as well as continuities within family life, the wish for connection expressed by the siblings, and the uniqueness of every sibling’s experiences is what can be taken away from this study by psychosocial workers in the field.

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