scholarly journals Effects of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking on the Onset of Hypertension in a Long-Term Longitudinal Study in a Male Workers’ Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11781
Author(s):  
Tamotsu Nagao ◽  
Kazuhiro Nogawa ◽  
Koichi Sakata ◽  
Hideki Morimoto ◽  
Kotaro Morita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Habitual Exercise ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Male Workers

Aim: To determine the effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on the onset of hypertension in a long-term longitudinal study. Methods: 7511 non-hypertensive male workers were enrolled. This cohort study was performed over an 8-year period using the results of the annual workers-health screening. The end-point was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or use of antihypertensive drugs. For alcohol consumption, weekly alcohol intake (g ethanol/week) was estimated (1 “gou” = 22 g ethanol). Annual survey data were analyzed by pooled logistic regression that included alcohol consumption, smoking, age, body mass index, job schedule types, habitual exercise, and blood test measurements into the statistical model. Results: A significant positive dose–response relationship between alcohol consumption and onset of hypertension was observed, with synergistic health effects present. Compared with abstainers and nonsmokers, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the onset of hypertension were: 1.51 (1.27–1.79) for 154 g ethanol/week and nonsmokers, and 1.81 (1.54–2.11) for 154 g ethanol/week and smokers. An interaction between alcohol and smoking was confirmed. Conclusions: This study provided information useful to the prevention of hypertension. By reducing alcohol consumption and smoking simultaneously, the risk of hypertension may be considerably lowered.

scholarly journals Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Motamedi ◽  
Maryam Ekramzadeh ◽  
Ehsan Bahramali ◽  
Mojtaba Farjam ◽  
Reza Homayounfar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension

Abstract Background Hypertension is a common chronic disease with various complications and is a main contributing factor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to assess the association of diet quality, assessed by dietary diversity score (DDS), Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I), and healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) with the risk of hypertension. Methods This study recruited a total of 10,111 individuals (45.14% male) with mean age of 48.63 ± 9.57 years from the Fasa Cohort Study, Iran. Indices of diet quality, including MDS, HEI-2015, DQI-I, and DDS were computed by a 125-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants were diagnosed as hypertensive if they had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg,, or used antihypertensive drugs. Results Hypertension was prevalent in 28.3% of the population (21.59% in males and 33.74% in females). In the whole population, after adjustment for potential covariates, including daily energy intake, age, gender, physical activity, smoking, family history of hypertension, body mass index, and the level of education, higher adherence to the MDS (OR: 0.86, 95%CI = 0.75–0.99) and HEI-2015 (OR: 0.79, 95%CI = 0.68–0.90) was significantly associated with decreased risk of hypertension. The protective effect of HEI-2015 against hypertension remained significant for both males (OR: 0.80, 95%CI = 0.64–0.99) and females (OR: 0.78, 95%CI = 0.66–0.94), while, for MDS, this relationship disappeared in the subgroup analysis by gender. DQI-I and DDS were not related to the odds of hypertension. Conclusions Adhering to MDS and HEI-2015 diets could contribute to the prevention of hypertension.

Effects of camel milk hydrolysate on blood pressure and biochemical parameters in fructose-induced hypertensive rats

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alshuniaber ◽  
Omar Alhaj ◽  
Qasem Abdallah ◽  
Haitham Jahrami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Ace Activity

Purpose This study aims to investigate the antihypertensive effect of camel milk hydrolysate in rats with fructose-induced hypertension. Design/methodology/approach The antihypertensive effect of fermented camel milk was determined using 6 groups comprising 36 Wistar male rats. Blood pressure of rats was altered via exposure to a 10% fructose (w/v) diet in drinking water for 3 weeks before conducting 21 days of treatment. The authors conducted the experiment for short and long term using different doses of 800 and 1,200 mg/kg body weight. Serum was used to assay total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose and insulin levels using standard biochemical kits. Findings The group that received 1,200 mg hydrolysate camel milk (HM) has significantly (p = 0.003) reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure after a short exposure time (4–8 h). These effects were significantly (p = 0.005) comparable to the nifedipine (NIF) drug group. Similar long-term (21 days) effects on blood pressure were observed in 1,200 mg HM and NIF groups. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and levels were also reduced in a correlation with blood pressure reduction only in HM1200 and HM800 treated groups. The authors observed no significant effect on blood pressure in groups receiving the 800 mg HM or 1,200 mg unhydrolyzed camel milk (UM). Rats receiving the 10% fructose diet showed significant differences from control rats regarding their blood biochemistry, including TG, TC, blood glucose and insulin levels. Rats in groups NIF, HM1200 and HM800 showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in serum glucose, insulin, TG and TC levels toward the baseline level. Research limitations/implications Further mechanistic investigation on the HM antihypertensive activity is highly recommended before suggesting HM as a product to reduce blood pressure. While drug–food interaction between HM and antihypertensive drugs, especially ACE inhibitors, is probable, UM seems not to affect blood pressure or ACE activity and therefore is expected to have no or minimal effects on the activity of other antihypertensive drugs. Investigation of ACE expression from various organs including lungs and leukocytes is highly recommended in future works using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Originality/value No previous studies have measured the antihypertensive activity of milk hydrolysate mediated by the reduction of ACE activity and levels in plasma. Mechanisms involved in attenuating the levels of ACE warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Outcomes of excessive alcohol drinkers without baseline evidence of chronic liver disease after 15 years follow-up: Heavy burden of cancer and liver disease mortality

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252218
Author(s):  
Sónia Bernardo ◽  
Ricardo Crespo ◽  
Sofia Saraiva ◽  
Rui Barata ◽  
Sara Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
Heavy Burden

Background Most long-term heavy drinkers do not have clinically evident chronic liver disease (CLD). However, at any time-point, their risk of developing CLD remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of a group of heavy drinkers, without evidence of CLD at baseline. Methods A cohort of 123 long-term heavy drinkers without CLD were prospectively recruited in 2002 and retrospectively followed until 2018. Results At baseline (2002), median alcohol consumption was 271±203g/day during 21.5±20 years, 65% being abstinent during the previous 1.75±5 months. Patients were followed for 14±3 years. During follow-up, 53% reported any alcohol intake. Alcohol consumption during follow-up associated weakly with either 1- or 6-months previous abstinence at baseline. Until 2018, progression to CLD occurred in 6%, associating with years of alcohol intake during follow-up (OR 1.15 [1.01–1.31]) and baseline alkaline-phosphatase (OR 1.05 [1.01–1.10]). During follow-up, being abstinent for at least 1 year positively associated with CLD-free survival. 27% died (55% of cancer–mostly oropharyngeal cancer, 27% of cardiovascular disease, and 9% of liver disease), with a mean age of 71 years [69–74] (10 years less than the expected in the Portuguese population). Achieving abstinence for at least 1 year positively associated with overall survival, while smoking, and hepatic steatosis at baseline associated negatively. Conclusion Long-term heavy drinkers seemed to have a decreased life expectancy compared with the overall Portuguese population. Cancer was the main cause of death. Our results suggest that progression to CLD depends mostly on continued alcohol intake. Alcohol abstinence, even if temporary, seems to decrease the risks of CLD and mortality.

Abstract P334: The Relationship Between Urinary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio And High Blood Pressure: TMM CommCohort Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mana Kogure ◽  
Tomohiro Nakamura ◽  
Naho Tsuchiya ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Akira Narita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High K ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Low K

Introduction: Recently, the balance between sodium and potassium intake, i.e. sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio, has received significant attention for prevention of hypertension. Previous studies reported the positive association between urinary Na/K (uNa/K) ratio and hypertension. However, even the same uNa/K ratio value, there might be high Na/ high K ratio or low Na/ low K ratio. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that blood pressure (BP) is higher in high Na/ high K group than that in low Na/ low K group even at the same uNa/K ratio in general population in cross-sectional study. Methods: The subjects were 20 to 74 years old who participated in The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Community-based Cohort Study. Of these participants, we targeted 54,011 subjects (men: 20,505 women: 33,506 mean age: 59.9 years) who had information of BP, urinary Na and K. We estimated 24-h urinary excretion of Na and K using Tanaka formula. Urinary Na and K were each classified into quartiles (Na; Q1~Q4, K; Q1~Q4), and set all 16 groups of uNa/K ratio by combining Na and K respectively. To assess the relationship between casual uNa/K ratio and BP, we performed an analysis of covariance to calculate the adjusted mean systolic BP (SBP). We included covariate factors as age, sex, BMI and alcohol intake. We also assessed the relationship between uNa/K ratio and SBP using multiple regression analyses adjusted for covariate factors. We stratified the participants into two groups: ‘under treatment for hypertension’ (n=17,091) and ‘without treatment for hypertension (n=36,920)’. Results: The mean of uNa/K ratio for each group of Na (Q1)/K(Q1), Na (Q2)/K(Q2), Na (Q3)/K(Q3) and Na (Q4)/K(Q4) was all 4.0. As previous report showed, higher uNa/K ratio group showed higher SBP and lower uNa/K group showed lower BP. When we compared adjusted mean SBP of Na (Q1)/K(Q1) and Na (Q4)/K(Q4) the value were comparable, but the value were significantly higher in Na (Q4)/K(Q4) group (The adjusted mean SBP of Na (Q1)/K(Q1), Na (Q2)/K(Q2), Na (Q3)/K(Q3) and Na (Q4)/K(Q4) was 123.6, 124.9, 124.7 and 125.5 mmHg, respectively). The uNa/K was significantly positively associated with SBP independently of age, sex, BMI, and alcohol intake. The finding was unchanged the results in under treatment group. Conclusions: BP was significantly higher in high Na/ high K group than in low Na/ low K group even at the same uNa/K ratio. We suggested that not only increasing K intake but also reducing salt is important for preventing hypertension.

Abstract P420: Alcohol Consumption and Longitudinal Changes in Magnetic Resonance Imaging-defined Brain Abnormalities: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Costanzo ◽  
Traci M Bartz ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
Augusto F Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Licia Iacoviello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Total Brain

Introduction: Alcohol intake has been related with a complex group of associations with brain structure in cross-sectional analyses, but to our knowledge, its prospective relationship with structural brain abnormalities detected by MRI has never been reported. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that consumers of 1-<7 drinks/week would have slower progression of leukoaraiosis (white matter abnormalities) but more rapid progression of brain atrophy than longer-term abstainers. Methods: As part of the Cardiovascular Health Study, 1 996 adults aged ≥65 years underwent MRI scanning in 1991-94 and again in 1997-99, having excluded 120 participants with a history of cerebrovascular disease before the initial scan. Alcohol consumption was assessed at each annual visit by self-reported intake of wine, beer and liquor. A 10-point white matter grade (WMG) and ventricular grade (VG) were assessed in a standardized and blinded manner in both scans; hippocampal and total brain volumes were also quantified on the second scan. We estimated the associations of alcohol intake in categories (as reported closest to the date of initial scan), with MRI findings at follow-up with multinomial ordered logistic regression (WMG ≤ 3 ref and ≥ 4; VG ≤ 3 ref , =4 and ≥5) using inverse probability weighting to account for attrition. Results: We observed a U-shaped association with WMG, with significantly lower risk among participants consuming 1-<7 drinks/week (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.17-0.82, table) than long-term abstainers (P quadtrend = 0.01). For VG, the association was inverse (P trend = 0.06), with significantly less progression among drinkers of 1-<7 drinks/week than long-term abstainers (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.40-0.97). We identified no significant associations of alcohol intake with quantitative mean hippocampal or total brain volumes at the second scan. Conclusions: Compared with long-term abstention, consumption of 1-<7 drinks/week of alcohol was generally associated with less progression of leukoaraiosis and some measures of brain atrophy in older adults.

scholarly journals May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening campaign results from Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_H) ◽  
pp. H108-H111
Author(s):  
Piotr Jankowski ◽  
Maciej Banach ◽  
Jolanta Małyszko ◽  
Mirosław Mastej ◽  
Andrzej Tykarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Multiple Imputation ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Global Initiative

Abstract Hypertension remains the most important cardiovascular risk factor in Poland. May Measurement Month is a global initiative organized by the International Society of Hypertension aimed at raising awareness of hypertension and the need for blood pressure (BP) screening and demonstrating the potential of the opportunistic BP measurements. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in 146 sites in May 2018. Blood pressure was measured in 6450 subjects (mean age: 41 ± 15 years; 59% females). After multiple imputation, the age and sex standardized systolic and diastolic BP was 126.7/78.4 mmHg in the whole analysed group, 132.8/81.3 mmHg in subjects taking antihypertensive drugs, and 125.7/78.0 mmHg in those not taking any antihypertensive drugs. After multiple imputation, the proportions of subjects with high BP (systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg or on treatment for raised BP) were 22.2% in the whole analysed group, 39.2% in subjects taking antihypertensive drugs, and 18.6% those not taking any antihypertensive drugs. Overall, hypertension was present in 32.8% of participants, among them 38.7% were not aware of the disease, 53.1% were taking antihypertensive drugs, and 32.3% had BP controlled to target (&lt;140/90 mmHg). Blood pressure was increasing with increasing body mass index and alcohol intake. Smokers and project participants with diabetes had increased average BP. In conclusion, this project provides additional evidence for a considerable potential for further reduction of cardiovascular risk through improvement in detection and treatment of hypertension in Poland.

scholarly journals Heavy Alcohol Consumption Effects on Blood Pressure and on Kidney Structure Persist After Long-Term Withdrawal

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Leal ◽  
Dinis-Oliveira Ricardo Jorge ◽  
Barbosa Joana ◽  
Silva Susana Maria ◽  
Sá Susana Isabel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Kidney Structure ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

scholarly journals Radiofrequency denervation of the renal arteries in patients with resistant arterial hypertension: 3 years of observation experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Nina Yu Savelyeva ◽  
Anna Yu Zherzhova ◽  
Ekaterina V Mikova ◽  
Liudmila I Gapon ◽  
Grigorii V Kolunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Radiofrequency Denervation ◽  
Intact Kidney ◽  
Resistant Arterial Hypertension

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of radiofrequency denervation of the renal arteries in patients with resi-stant arterial hypertension during a three-year follow-up. Materials and methods. The study involved 40 patients with resistant arterial hypertension aged 27 to 70 years (mean age 54.91±9.77 years) while receiving three or more antihypertensive drugs (including diuretic) in optimal doses. The conditions for inclusion in the study were considered resistant arterial hypertension with blood pressure (BP)>160/100 mm Hg, intact kidney function - glomerular filtration rate (MDRD)>45 ml/min - and the absence of secondary hypertension. All patients had sympatic radiofrequency denervation of renal arteries; its efficiency later was estimated according to the clinical measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Results. The level of office BP reliably differed initially and after 3 years: DSBP -34.48±6.44 mm Hg (p=0.001), DDBP - 22.29 mm Hg (p=0.001). According to ABPM results, reliable dynamics of systolic blood pressure was not observed. The data of DBP at night were significantly lower after 36 months; DDBP was -5.37±9.77 mm Hg. Conclusions. A marked decrease in the data of office SBP and DBP was observed, which proves the long-term efficiency of radiofrequency denervation of the renal arteries in patients with resistant hypertension. Accor-ding to ABPM results after 36 months, a significant decrease was registered among the DBP indicators at night and daytime.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document