scholarly journals Changes in the Frequency of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Subsequent Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Young Choi ◽  
Jae Woo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Cvd Mortality ◽  
Physically Inactive

We investigated the association of changes in the frequency of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This study used the nationally representative National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database. We included 286,402 individuals aged ≥20 years and estimated changes in the frequency of MVPA over a two-year period. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. The HRs (95% CIs) for the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality for an increased frequency of MVPA from physical inactivity compared with continual physical inactivity were 0.82 and 0.68 (0.73–0.92 and 0.51–0.91) for 1–2, 0.72 and 0.48 (0.62–0.84 and 0.31–0.74) for 3–4, and 0.73 and 0.70 (0.63–0.85 and 0.50–0.98) for ≥5 sessions of MVPA/week. The HRs (95% CIs) for the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality were 1.28 and 1.58 (1.07–1.53 and 1.01–2.46), 1.25 and 2.17 (1.01–1.57 and 1.14–4.12), and 1.43 and 1.44 (1.15–1.77 and 0.84–2.47) for changes from 1–2, 3–4, and ≥5 sessions of MVPA/week to physical inactivity, respectively. This study showed the beneficial effect of increasing physical activity, particularly for those who were physically inactive at baseline, as well as the increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality after adapting a physically inactive lifestyle regardless of their baseline physical activity status.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Risk Factors and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inhwan Lee ◽  
Shinuk Kim ◽  
Hyunsik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Cvd Mortality

This study examined the association between lifestyle risk factors and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in 9945 Korea adults (56% women) aged 45 years and older. Smoking, heavy alcohol intake, underweight or obesity, physical inactivity, and unintentional weight loss (UWL) were included as risk factors. During 9.6 ± 2.0 years of follow-up, there were a total of 1530 cases of death from all causes, of which 365 cases were from CVD. Compared to a zero risk factor (hazard ratio, HR = 1), the crude HR of all-cause mortality was 1.864 (95% CI, 1.509–2.303) for one risk factor, 2.487 (95% confidence interval, CI, 2.013–3.072) for two risk factors, and 3.524 (95% CI, 2.803–4.432) for three or more risk factors. Compared to a zero risk factor (HR = 1), the crude HR of CVD mortality was 2.566 (95% CI, 1.550–4.250) for one risk factor, 3.655 (95% CI, 2.211–6.043) for two risk factor, and 5.416 (95% CI, 3.185–9.208) for three or more risk factors. The HRs for all-cause and CVD mortality remained significant even after adjustments for measured covariates. The current findings showed that five lifestyle risk factors, including smoking, at-risk alcohol consumption, underweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and UWL, were significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in Korean adults.

scholarly journals Renal Dysfunction, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Martins ◽  
Chizobam Ani ◽  
Deyu Pan ◽  
Omolola Ogunyemi ◽  
Keith Norris
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background. Renal disease is commonly described as a complication of metabolic syndrome (MetS) but some recent studies suggest that Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) may actually antecede MetS. Few studies have explored the predictive utility of co-clustering CKD with MetS for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.Methods. Data from a nationally representative sample of United States adults (NHANES) was utilized. A sample of 13115 non-pregnant individuals aged years, with available follow-up mortality assessment was selected. Multivariable Cox Proportional hazard regression analysis techniques explored the relationship between co-clustered CKD, MetS and CVD mortality. Bayesian analysis techniques tested the predictive accuracy for CVD Mortality of two models using co-clustered MetS and CKD and MetS alone.Results. Co-clustering early and late CKD respectively resulted in statistically significant higher hazard for CVD mortality (HR = 1.80, CI = 1.45–2.23, and HR = 3.23, CI = 2.56–3.70) when compared with individuals with no MetS and no CKD. A model with early CKD and MetS has a higher predictive accuracy (72.0% versus 67.6%), area under the ROC (0.74 versus 0.66), and Cohen's kappa (0.38 versus 0.21) than that with MetS alone.Conclusion. The study findings suggest that the co-clustering of early CKD with MetS increases the accuracy of risk prediction for CVD mortality.

Abstract 047: Sedentary Behavior Increases Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in Older Women: The Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bellettiere ◽  
Michael J LaMonte ◽  
Eileen Rillamas-Sun ◽  
Jacqueline Kerr ◽  
Kelly R Evenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Bout Duration ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Evidence on sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely based on self-reported sedentary time. Furthermore, how sedentary time is accumulated (in longer vs. shorter bouts) may be related to CVD risk but has not been tested. Methods: Women (n=5638, mean age=79±7) with no history of myocardial infarction or stroke wore accelerometers for 4-7 days and were followed for up to 4 years for incident CVD. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD) events were estimated across quartiles of sedentary time and mean sedentary bout duration using Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for covariates. Separate models evaluated associations after adding moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and possible mediators: body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. We then tested whether mean bout duration was associated with increased risk for CVD and CHD among women with above median sedentary time (≥10hr/day). Results: Covariate-adjusted HRs for CVD and CHD increased across quartiles of both sedentary time and mean bout duration (Table). All CHD associations remained significant but attenuated after adjustment for possible mediators. After adjustment for MVPA, highest vs. lowest quartile HRs (CI) for CHD were 1.6 (0.7-3.4; p-trend = .08) for sedentary time and 1.8 (0.9-3.5; p-trend = .047) for mean bout duration. Among women with high sedentary time, the HRs (CI) comparing the 75 th vs. 25 th percentile of mean bout duration were 1.05 (0.95-1.15) for CVD and 1.16 (1.01-1.34) for CHD. Conclusions: Both sedentary time and mean bout duration showed independent, dose-response associations with increased risk of CVD and CHD events in older women. Among women with high sedentary time, longer mean bout duration was associated with higher CHD risk. Taken together, this provides evidence that both total sedentary time and the way it is accumulated are predictive of incident CHD.

Abstract P376: Associations Between Moderate To Vigorous Physical Activity And Sedentary Time On Cognitive Function In Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M Hoffmann ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with increased risk for cognitive decline. Lifestyle behaviors such as moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduced sedentary time (ST) may mitigate this decline, but limited research exists. The aim of the study was to examine the joint association of MVPA and ST on cognitive function by CVD status. Adults (n=2844, ≥60yrs) from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey underwent cognitive testing (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]; Animal Fluency [AF]). Participants reported minutes of MVPA per week (categorized by U.S. PA Guidelines: ≥ 150min MPA and/or ≥ 75min VPA PA vs <150min MPA and <75min VPA), and typical ST per day (≤7hrs vs >7hrs ) , and reported physician-diagnosed CVD (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary heart disease, or heart failure). Weighted linear regression analyses assessed the joint association of MVPA and ST on cognitive function, and tested the modifying effect of CVD status (alpha level for interaction terms set at 0.1) after adjustment for demographics, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, and depression symptomatology. See Table. There were significant main effects for combined MVPA-ST groups on DSST (Wald F (3,30)=4.92, p =.007) and AF (Wald F (3,30)=5.01, p =.006). Individuals who did not engage in MVPA regardless of ST had significantly worse scores on DSST compared to the reference group. There was a significant main effect for CVD on DSST (Wald F (1,32)=8.82, p =.006). There was a significant interaction between MVPA-ST groups and CVD status on DSST (Wald F (3,30)=3.691, p =.023). Stratified analyses indicated among individuals with CVD, the buffering effect of MVPA was maintained, but the interaction was not significant for those without CVD. In a sample of adults with a history of CVD, meeting recommendations for MVPA appeared to preserve executive functioning regardless of ST. This research highlights the added importance for people with a history of CVD to participate in the recommended amount of MVPA.

scholarly journals Changes in exercise frequency and cardiovascular outcomes in older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (15) ◽  
pp. 1490-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyuwoong Kim ◽  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Seo Eun Hwang ◽  
Joung Sik Son ◽  
Jong-Koo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Physically Inactive

Abstract Aims Little is known about the association of changes in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) level with cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in older adults whose ability to engage in frequent MVPA naturally wanes as they age. We aimed to examine the association of changes in MVPA and CVD in older adults. Methods and results In a nationwide cohort study of older adults aged 60 years or older, we identified more than 1.1 million subjects without previous history of CVD at baseline who underwent two consecutive national health screening from 2009 to 2012. We prospectively assessed the risk of CVD occurred between 2013 and 2016 according to changes in frequency of MVPA by initial MVPA status. Compared to those who were continuously physically inactive, those who increased their frequency of MVPA from physically inactive to 1–2 times per week [0.7/1000 person-years (PY) decrease in incidence rate (IR); adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–0.99], 3–4 times per week (1.5/1000 PY decrease in IR; aHR 0.89; 95% CI 0.84–0.94), ≥5 times per week (0.4/1000 PY decrease in IR; aHR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85–0.97) had a significantly reduced risk for total CVD (P for trend &lt;0.001). Older adults who became physically inactive from engaging in more than 1–2 times of MVPA per week had a higher CVD risk compared to those who maintained their frequency of MVPA. Conclusion Among older adults, engaging in higher frequency of MVPA or maintaining MVPA level was associated with reduced risk of CVD.

scholarly journals Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Cardiovascular Disease Patients during the COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11929
Author(s):  
Bram M.A. van Bakel ◽  
Esmée A. Bakker ◽  
Femke de Vries ◽  
Dick H.J. Thijssen ◽  
Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Mental Health Factors

The COVID-19 lockdown has been associated with physical inactivity. We prospectively evaluated changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) among 1565 cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients using validated questionnaires at 5 weeks after lockdown initiation (i.e., baseline, April 2020) and at every 4 subsequent weeks, until July 2020. Multivariate mixed model analyses were performed to identify whether age, sex, CVD-subtype, lockdown adherence and mental health factors impacted changes in physical (in)activity. Patients were 67 (interquartile range: 60–73) years and primarily diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Time spent in MVPA was 143 min/day (95% confidence interval (CI) 137; 148) at baseline. Female sex, heart-failure, fear of COVID-19 infection and limited possibilities for physical activity were independently associated with lower levels of MVPA across time. After adjusting for confounders, overall MVPA did not change. ST was 567 (95% CI 555; 578) min/day at baseline. Lack of social contact, limited possibilities for physical activity and younger age were independently associated with higher levels of ST. After adjusting for confounders, ST progressively increased following 8 (Δ+19.7 (95% CI 0.4; 39.0)) and 12 weeks (Δ+25.2 (95% CI 5.4; 47.1) min/day) of lockdown. Despite a phased relaxation of the lockdown, CVD patients progressively increased ST and reported no change in MVPA. This highlights the need to target physical inactivity during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract P268: Assessing Physical Inactivity Using Accelerometers in Comparison to International Physical Activity Questionnaire

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo P Silva ◽  
Rodolfo L Arantes ◽  
Agatha C Matheus ◽  
Alan C Barbosa ◽  
Evandro F Sperandio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Physically Inactive

Introduction: Among the instruments to assess the level of physical activity in daily life (LPADL), questionnaires are cost advantageous and accelerometers are more accurate. Recent studies have shown poor agreement between these methods. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that the combination of the questionnaire and the accelerometer is the best strategy to assess the prevalence of physical inactivity in adults. Objective: To evaluate and compare the prevalence of physical inactivity in adults, identified by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), by triaxial accelerometry and by the combination of both. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-one participants older than 18 years were enrolled. After obtaining clinical, demographic and anthropometric data, participants underwent the following assessments: spirometry, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, body composition (bioimpedance), isokinetic muscle function, balance (force platform), and six-minute walk test. Participants who obtained the total score < 600 MET-min/wk were considered physically inactive using IPAQ. Those that performed < 150 min/wk of moderate to vigorous physical activity were considered physically inactive in the accelerometer-based method. In the combined method we considered physically inactive those who presented the IPAQ and/or the accelerometer-based criteria. Additionally, for participants who reported practicing aquatic, martial arts or cycling, only the IPAQ total score was considered. We compared the prevalence of physical inactivity and agreement between the methods. Three multivariate logistic regression models for each one of the methods were developed and predictors were mutualy compared. Results: The prevalence of physical inactivity was significantly different between the methods (IPAQ = 10%; accelerometry = 20%, and combined method = 25%). The agreement between IPAQ and accelerometry was poor (kappa = 0.152, p = 0.01). The main predictors using the IPAQ were age, fat mass, family history of cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and obesity. The determinants using accelerometry were age, sex, lean body mass (LBM), family history of cardiovascular disease and smoking. The combined method selected age, sex, LBM, family history of cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, peak V’O2 and balance. With the exception of dyslipidemia and family history of cardiovascular disease, the combined method showed better odds ratio values. Conclusion: The combination of the IPAQ and accelerometry to determine physical inactivity was more valid when compared to the aforementioned instruments separately. The prevalence of physical inactivity and its predictors were more consistent in the combined approach in the present study. Our results suggest that the most popular methods for assessing LPADL in epidemiological studies are complementary.

Sedentary time, metabolic abnormalities, and all-cause mortality after myocardial infarction: A mediation analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Wu ◽  
Zhe Huang ◽  
Yuntao Wu ◽  
Shue Huang ◽  
Yanxiu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background Sedentary time was associated with myocardial infarction (MI) and metabolic diseases in previous studies. Purpose To investigate whether sedentary time measured before disease onset was associated with all-cause mortality among MI survivors and whether the sedentary time–mortality association was mediated by physical activity status and metabolic phenotypes. Methods In this prospective community-based cohort including 101,510 Chinese adults, we used sedentary time, evaluated at 2006 (baseline), to predict further all-cause mortality among individuals who then developed new onset MI from 2006 to December 2013 ( n = 989). The post-MI mortality was ascertained after the first non-fatal MI until December 2014. We assessed the mediating effects of physical inactivity and metabolic factors on the sedentary time-mortality association. Results During 7 years follow up, 180 deaths occurred among these participants with incident MI. Prolonged sedentary time was associated with a higher risk of mortality among MI survivors. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of mortality for sedentary time 4–8 hours/day versus <4 hours/day, was 1.62 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–2.31). A high amount of sedentary time (>4 hours/day) and inactive physical activity had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 2.74, 95% CI 1.34–5.60), relative to those with sedentary time ≤4 hours/day and moderate/vigorous physical activity. Physical inactivity and metabolic factors mediated a small proportion (≤9.2 % for all) of the total association between sedentary time and post-MI mortality. Conclusion High sedentary time was significantly associated with all-cause mortality among MI survivors, independent of physical activity status and metabolic abnormalities.

scholarly journals Cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity in a nationally representative sample of US adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Q. Ong ◽  
John Bellettiere ◽  
Citlali Alvarado ◽  
Paul Chavez ◽  
Vincent Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Potential Public Health

Abstract Background Prior research examining the relationship between cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity has generated conflicting findings, potentially due to biases in the self-reported measures used to assess physical activity. This study aimed to more precisely explore the relationship between cannabis use and sedentary behavior/physical activity using objective measures. Methods Data were obtained from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2,092 participants (ages 20–59; 48.8% female) had accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Participants were classified as light, moderate, frequent, or non-current cannabis users depending on how often they used cannabis in the previous 30 days. Multivariable linear regression estimated minutes in sedentary behavior/physical activity by cannabis use status. Logistic regression modeled self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in relation to current cannabis use. Results Fully adjusted regression models indicated that current cannabis users’ accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior did not significantly differ from non-current users. Frequent cannabis users engaged in more physical activity than non-current users. Light cannabis users had greater odds of self-reporting physical activity compared to non-current users. Conclusions This study is the first to evaluate the relationship between cannabis use and accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity. Such objective measures should be used in other cohorts to replicate our findings that cannabis use is associated with greater physical activity and not associated with sedentary behavior in order to fully assess the potential public health impact of increases in cannabis use.

scholarly journals Swedish snuff (snus) and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older individuals

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga E. Titova ◽  
John A. Baron ◽  
Karl Michaëlsson ◽  
Susanna C. Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Background Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but whether smokeless tobacco such as snuff is associated with the risk of CVD is still unclear. We investigated the association of the use of Swedish oral moist snuff (snus) with a broad range of CVDs and CVD mortality. Methods We used data from a population-based cohort of 41,162 Swedish adults with a mean baseline age of 70 (56–94) years who completed questionnaires regarding snus use and other lifestyle habits and health characteristics. Participants were followed up for incident cardiovascular outcomes and death over 8 years through linkage to the Swedish National Patient and Death Registers. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression. We conducted analyses among all subjects as well as among never smokers to reduce residual confounding from smoking. Results After adjustment for smoking and other confounders, snus use was not associated with myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, aortic valve stenosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, stroke, or CVD mortality. However, in never smokers, snus use was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of total and ischemic stroke (HRs [95% confidence intervals] = 1.52 [1.01–2.30] and 1.63 [1.05–2.54], respectively) and non-significantly positively associated with some other CVDs. Conclusions In this middle-aged and elderly Swedish population, current Swedish snus use was not associated with the risk of major heart and valvular diseases, abdominal aortic aneurysm, or CVD mortality in the entire study population, but was linked to an increased risk of stroke in never smokers.

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