scholarly journals Sarcopenia: Molecular Pathways and Potential Targets for Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8844
Author(s):  
Jorge Pascual-Fernández ◽  
Alejandro Fernández-Montero ◽  
Alfredo Córdova-Martínez ◽  
Diego Pastor ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Loss Of Strength

Aging is associated with sarcopenia. The loss of strength results in decreased muscle mass and motor function. This process accelerates the progressive muscle deterioration observed in older adults, favoring the presence of debilitating pathologies. In addition, sarcopenia leads to a decrease in quality of life, significantly affecting self-sufficiency. Altogether, these results in an increase in economic resources from the National Health Systems devoted to mitigating this problem in the elderly, particularly in developed countries. Different etiological determinants are involved in the progression of the disease, including: neurological factors, endocrine alterations, as well as nutritional and lifestyle changes related to the adoption of more sedentary habits. Molecular and cellular mechanisms have not been clearly characterized, resulting in the absence of an effective treatment for sarcopenia. Nevertheless, physical activity seems to be the sole strategy to delay sarcopenia and its symptoms. The present review intends to bring together the data explaining how physical activity modulates at a molecular and cellular level all factors that predispose or favor the progression of this deteriorating pathology.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE ELDERLY PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Vol XXIV (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Jarosław JASIĘGA ◽  
Małgorzata MAJEWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Health State ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Current Economic Situation ◽  
Age Range

Admission. Seniors are becoming an increasingly larger social group in developed countries. Physical activity affects the overall health state and allows to improve the quality of their life. Aim. The aim of this research work is to show seniors’ self-evaluation oriented on various elements of their lifestyle and to describe phenomenon associated with the improvement or deterioration of their health. Material and research methods. The research was conducted in a group of 53 people, representing the age range from 60 to 86 years old. The diagnostic survey method was used and the survey technique for which the original questionnaire was made. Results. During the research, themajority of respondents were in a relationship with another person and had a secondary education (47.2% each), and their current economic situation was satisfactory (79.2%). The higher level of current physical fitness was declared by the respondents, the better they perceive their own fitness against the background of the same-sex peers (and vice versa (the worse fitness of the respondents, the worse perception against the background of the peers). Most respondents prefer passive rest (52.8%), as well as the majority use rehabilitation, and the largest percentage participated in a classic massage (39.6%).

scholarly journals The Analysis of Nutritional Habits of the Third Age Students in Poznań

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pracka ◽  
Marcin Dziedziński ◽  
Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
The Third

AbstractIn recent years have seen increasing percentage of the elderly in the overall population. This has driven the attention to the lifestyle factors that influence the health and quality of life of this social group, including their nutrition and physical activity. Universities of the Third Age (U3A) are a valuable platform for the dissemination and broadening of the knowledge related to these topics. The nutritional habits of 61 U3A students in Poznań were evaluated on the basis of a modified KomPAN questionnaire. Their nutritional status was determined using the body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) indices. Nearly half of the respondents were overweight and 16% had first degree obesity. The WHR index in women was on average 0.8, while in men it was 1.01. Only 13% of the students declared regular eating, with 60% consuming 4-5 meals a day. Women were found to eat snacks between meals more often than men. It was also found that the majority of the elderly do not add salt to ready meals or sweeten beverages with sugars. Taking into account the observed nutritional problems and the occurrence of improper eating habits of the elderly, it is recommended to continue the education on the prevention of common diet-related diseased.

scholarly journals Monitoring Health Parameters of Elders to Support Independent Living and Improve Their Quality of Life

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Ilia Adami ◽  
Michalis Foukarakis ◽  
Stavroula Ntoa ◽  
Nikolaos Partarakis ◽  
Nikolaos Stefanakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Health And Well Being

Improving the well-being and quality of life of the elderly population is closely related to assisting them to effectively manage age-related conditions such as chronic illnesses and anxiety, and to maintain their independence and self-sufficiency as much as possible. This paper presents the design, architecture and implementation structure of an adaptive system for monitoring the health and well-being of the elderly. The system was designed following best practices of the Human-Centred Design approach involving representative end-users from the early stages.

scholarly journals The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life, muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Martinez Orlando ◽  
Maria Stella Peccin da Silva ◽  
Império Lombardi Junior
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Assess Quality ◽  
The City

INTRODUCTION: Ageing has become a huge public health challenge due to the need to find solutions for improving quality of life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess quality of life, muscle strength, balance and physical capacity among elderly practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out involving 74 elderly individuals in the city of Santos (state of São Paulo, Brazil), divided into two groups: practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used for the classification of the participants. The generic SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. The Berg scale was used for the analysis of balance. Dynamometry was used for the muscle strength test. The six-minute walk test was used for the assessment of physical capacity. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between elderly practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity regarding quality of life (p = 0.001), muscle strength (p = 0.001), balance (p = 0.001) and physical capacity (p = 0.001). The data also showed that aspects of quality of life were strongly correlated with physical capacity among the non-practitioners of physical activity (r = 0.741). CONCLUSION: Elderly individuals in the city of Santos (Brazil) who practice physical activity have better quality of life, muscle strength, physical capacity and balance in comparison to those who do not practice physical activity.

scholarly journals Aging and Exercise: A Health Perspective

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna L. Bokovoy ◽  
Steven N. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Fatal Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Habitual Exercise ◽  
And Function ◽  
Older Men And Women

Habitual exercise provides protection against fatal coronary heart disease, extends longevity, and enhances quality of life. National surveys show less physical activity in older men and women compared with middle-aged and younger persons; older women are particularly sedentary. Although there are still few longitudinal studies on exercise and physical activity in older individuals, the data support a positive relationship between physical activity and health and function in older individuals. The data further show that with regular physical activity, health and physical fitness are maintained or even increased over time in older individuals. Studies on physical activity requirements for beneficial health effects in the elderly are reviewed and presented, and exercise recommendations for older individuals are given.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among elderly residents of São Paulo city, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2275-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telma de Almeida Busch Mendes ◽  
Moisés Goldbaum ◽  
Neuber José Segri ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
Chester Luiz Galvão César ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among the elderly. The survey analyzed data from 872 elderly people in São Paulo, Brazil, through a cluster sampling, stratified according to education and income. A Poisson multiple regression model checked for the existence of factors associated with hypertension. The prevalence of self-reported hypertension among the elderly was 46.9%. Variables associated with hypertension were self-rated health, alcohol consumption, gender, and hospitalization in the last year, regardless of age. The three most common measures taken to control hypertension, but only rarely, are oral medication, routine salt-free diet and physical activity. Lifestyle and socioeconomic status did not affect the practice of control, but knowledge about the importance of physical activity was higher among those older people with higher education and greater income. The research suggests that health policies that focus on primary care to encourage lifestyle changes among the elderly are necessary.

scholarly journals POSTURAL DISORDERS IN THE ELDERLY IN STATIC ASSESSMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1703-1707
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sobiech ◽  
Magdalena Zawadka ◽  
Maciej Kochman ◽  
Jaromir Jarecki ◽  
Tomasz Blicharski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Static Assessment ◽  
Limited Physical Activity ◽  
Active Recreation

Physical activity is one of the most important element of a healthy lifestyle and determinant of the physical and mental health. According to the WHO, limited physical activity is the fourth most common premature death risk factor in the world. Regular sport and active recreation is very important for our health. Physical exercise is the most effective method used by physiotherapists to prevent and slow down the aging process of the body, and consequently, diseases of elderly (e.g. osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension and injuries). Physical activity has a positive effect on the quality of life and cognitive functions of elderly. The physiotherapeutic program should be based on functional training involving the entire human body. To plan and monitor the effectiveness of the training, different types of tests are used to assess the functional status of elderly people. These tests are based on the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment considering the state of health, physical and mental fitness as well as social and environmental determinants.

Fragility and quality of life, the benefits of physical activity for the elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Julien Vejux ◽  
Solenn le Bruchec ◽  
Valérie Bernat ◽  
Gérard Beauvais ◽  
Nathalie Beauvais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Elderly

Physician Advice to the Elderly about Physical Activity

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alseny Balde ◽  
Jaime Figueras ◽  
Dawn A. Hawking ◽  
John R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physician Counseling ◽  
Overweight Status ◽  
Physician Advice ◽  
Counseling Practices

Lack of physical activity is an increasing public-health problem. Physicians should counsel elderly patients to maintain regular physical activity in order to retain functionality and quality of life. This study examined the patterns of physician advice about physical activity in an elderly population. A homogeneous group of older adults living in public housing (N= 146) was surveyed to determine the extent to which they received such advice. Their mean age was 77.9 ± 7 years, 74% were women, 70.5% were White, and 53.4% had high school education or less. We assessed the association between physician counseling practices and the participants’ demographic characteristics, overweight status, and type of physical activity performed. The prevalence rate of physician counseling was 61.6%. Elderly men who were married and those who were overweight were most likely to receive advice. Routine physician counseling of elderly patients regardless of overweight status could contribute to improving their quality of life.

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