scholarly journals Characterization and Transcriptome Analysis of Exosomal and Nonexosomal RNAs in Bovine Adipocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9313
Author(s):  
Binglin Yue ◽  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Jiyao Wu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Wenxiu Ru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
White Adipocyte ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Bovine Adipocytes ◽  
Exosomal Mirna ◽  
Exosomal Rnas

Exosomes are endosome-derived extracellular vesicles that allow intercellular communication. However, the biological significance of adipocyte exosomal RNAs remains unclear. To determine the role of RNAs from bovine adipocytes and exosomes in bovine adipogenesis, exosomal and nonexosomal RNAs were extracted from three bovine primary white adipocyte samples and then profiles were generated using DNBSEQ/BGISEQ-500 technology. The RNAome of adipocytes consisted of 12,082 mRNAs, 8589 lncRNAs, and 378 miRNAs for a higher complexity that that detected in exosomes, with 1083 mRNAs, 105 lncRNAs, and 48 miRNAs. Exosomal miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks were constructed and enrichment analysis was performed to predict functional roles and regulatory mechanisms. Our study provides the first characterization of RNAs from bovine adipocyte and exosomes. The findings reveal that some RNAs are specifically packaged in adipocyte-derived exosomes, potentially enabling crosstalk between adipocytes and/or other cells that is mediated by exosomes. Our results greatly expand our understanding of exosomal RNAs from bovine adipocytes, and provide a reference for future functional investigations of adipocyte exosomal RNAs under normal physiological conditions.

scholarly journals Polyamine Transport and Role of potE in Response to Osmotic Stress in Escherichia coli

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (21) ◽  
pp. 6247-6249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Schiller ◽  
Daniela Kruse ◽  
Helmut Kneifel ◽  
Reinhard Krämer ◽  
Andreas Burkovski
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Hyperosmotic Shock ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Polyamine Transport

ABSTRACT When transport of polyamines in Escherichia coli was examined, putrescine excretion was observed under two different physiological conditions: (i) strictly correlated to growth and (ii) following a hyperosmotic shock. Spermidine was not excreted. Characterization of a deletion mutant showed that PotE is not involved in these transport processes.

scholarly journals Characterization of DNA methylation as a function of biological complexity via dinucleotide inter-distances

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2063) ◽  
pp. 20150227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Paci ◽  
Giampaolo Cristadoro ◽  
Barbara Monti ◽  
Marco Lenci ◽  
Mirko Degli Esposti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biological Complexity ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Exponential Tails ◽  
Cg Dinucleotide ◽  
Cg Dinucleotides

We perform a statistical study of the distances between successive occurrences of a given dinucleotide in the DNA sequence for a number of organisms of different complexity. Our analysis highlights peculiar features of the CG dinucleotide distribution in mammalian DNA, pointing towards a connection with the role of such dinucleotide in DNA methylation. While the CG distributions of mammals exhibit exponential tails with comparable parameters, the picture for the other organisms studied (e.g. fish, insects, bacteria and viruses) is more heterogeneous, possibly because in these organisms DNA methylation has different functional roles. Our analysis suggests that the distribution of the distances between CG dinucleotides provides useful insights into characterizing and classifying organisms in terms of methylation functionalities.

Identification and characterization of rice circular RNAs responding to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae invasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peihong Wang ◽  
Sai Wang ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Wenhan Nie ◽  
Ayizekeranmu Yiming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Regulation ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Host Genes

Emerging role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various biological processes have advanced our knowledge of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation. To date, no research has been conducted to explore their roles in the rice- Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) interaction. Therefore, we identified 3517 circRNAs from the highly virulent Xoo strain PXO99A-infected rice leaves using the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) depleted RNA-sequencing technique coupled with the CIRI2 and CIRCexplorer2 pipeline. Characterization analyses showed that these circRNAs were distributed across the whole genome of rice, and most circRNAs arised from exons (85.13 %), ranged from 200 bp to 1000 bp and were with a non-canonical GT/AG (including CT/AC equivalent) splicing signal. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis of the host genes that produced the DEcircRNAs suggested that these identified circRNAs might play an important role in reprogramming rice responses to PXO99A invasion, mainly by mediating photorespiration, chloroplast, peroxisome and diterpenoid biosynthesis. Moreover, 31 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were predicted to act as miRNA decoys in rice. The expression profile of 4 DEcircRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR with divergent primers, and the back-splicing sites of seven DEcircRNAs were verified by PCR analysis and Sanger sequencing. Collectively, these results inferred a potential functional role of circRNAs in the regulation of rice immunity and provide novel clues for revealing the molecular mechanisms of rice-PXO99A interaction.

Human homologues of Delta-1 and Delta-4 function as mitogenic regulators of primitive human hematopoietic cells

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 1960-1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis N. Karanu ◽  
Barbara Murdoch ◽  
Tomoyuki Miyabayashi ◽  
Mitsuhara Ohno ◽  
Masahide Koremoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Deficient Mice

Delta-mediated Notch signaling controls cell fate decisions during invertebrate and murine development. However, in the human, functional roles for Delta have yet to be described. This study reports the characterization of Delta-1 and Delta-4 in the human. Human Delta-4 was found to be expressed in a wide range of adult and fetal tissues, including sites of hematopoiesis. Subsets of immature hematopoietic cells, along with stromal and endothelial cells that support hematopoiesis, were shown to express Notch and both Delta-1 and Delta-4. Soluble forms of human Delta-1 (hDelta-1) and hDelta-4 proteins were able to augment the proliferation of primitive human hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. Intravenous transplantation of treated cultures into immune-deficient mice revealed that hDelta-1 is capable of expanding pluripotent human hematopoietic repopulating cells detected in vivo. This study provides the first evidence for a role of Delta ligands as a mitogenic regulator of primitive hematopoietic cells in the human.

Renal Lymph: Vital for the Kidney and Valuable for the Physiologist

Physiology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
GG Pinter
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Lymph ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Peritubular Capillaries ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Valuable Role

Drainage of extravasated proteins from the interstitium is a vital function of renal lymph. In addition, it has a valuable role as a source of information about the renal interstitium. Information uniquely provided by lymph allows characterization of macromolecular permeabilities of postglomerular exchange vessels in the renal cortex under physiological conditions and in disease, e.g., in experimental diabetes mellitus. Various defense mechanisms are discussed that are instrumental in keeping the balance between reabsorption of fluid from the tubules and uptake of reabsorbed fluid by the peritubular capillaries. The role of lymph in these mechanisms is highlighted.

Human homologues of Delta-1 and Delta-4 function as mitogenic regulators of primitive human hematopoietic cells

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 1960-1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis N. Karanu ◽  
Barbara Murdoch ◽  
Tomoyuki Miyabayashi ◽  
Mitsuhara Ohno ◽  
Masahide Koremoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Deficient Mice

Abstract Delta-mediated Notch signaling controls cell fate decisions during invertebrate and murine development. However, in the human, functional roles for Delta have yet to be described. This study reports the characterization of Delta-1 and Delta-4 in the human. Human Delta-4 was found to be expressed in a wide range of adult and fetal tissues, including sites of hematopoiesis. Subsets of immature hematopoietic cells, along with stromal and endothelial cells that support hematopoiesis, were shown to express Notch and both Delta-1 and Delta-4. Soluble forms of human Delta-1 (hDelta-1) and hDelta-4 proteins were able to augment the proliferation of primitive human hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. Intravenous transplantation of treated cultures into immune-deficient mice revealed that hDelta-1 is capable of expanding pluripotent human hematopoietic repopulating cells detected in vivo. This study provides the first evidence for a role of Delta ligands as a mitogenic regulator of primitive hematopoietic cells in the human.

Digital x-ray mapping of nanometer-size supported bimetallic catalysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
L. T. Germinario
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Induced Changes

Understanding the role of metal cluster composition in determining catalytic selectivity and activity is of major interest in heterogeneous catalysis. The electron microscope is well established as a powerful tool for ultrastructural and compositional characterization of support and catalyst. Because the spatial resolution of x-ray microanalysis is defined by the smallest beam diameter into which the required number of electrons can be focused, the dedicated STEM with FEG is the instrument of choice. The main sources of errors in energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) are: (1) beam-induced changes in specimen composition, (2) specimen drift, (3) instrumental factors which produce background radiation, and (4) basic statistical limitations which result in the detection of a finite number of x-ray photons. Digital beam techniques have been described for supported single-element metal clusters with spatial resolutions of about 10 nm. However, the detection of spurious characteristic x-rays away from catalyst particles produced images requiring several image processing steps.

Consideraciones en torno a la reducción solipsista

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Carolina Petrillo

ResumenEn el presente trabajo se intentará mostrar que la fenomenología no conduce a una postura solipsista. Para ello, se caracterizará en qué consiste el solipsismo. Luego, se intentará refutar a lo que se ha de llamar “solipsismo metafísico” y “solipsismo gnoseológico”, con el objetivo principal de poner de manifiesto el fundamento de motivación para la salida de la ficción solipsista.Palabras claves:Phenomenology – solipsim – empatía - HusserlAbstractWith the aim of showing that phenomenology does not lead in solipsism, I will first attempt a characterization of it. Then, I will attempt a refutation of the so-called “metaphysical” and “epistemological” solipsisms. Finally, the nature and role of Husserl´s solipsistic fiction is examined, and the grounds that motivate the overcoming of this standpoint are disclosed.key wordsFenomenología – solipsismo - empathy – Husserl

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