scholarly journals An Association between Diet and MC4R Genetic Polymorphism, in Relation to Obesity and Metabolic Parameters—A Cross Sectional Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 12044
Author(s):  
Edyta Adamska-Patruno ◽  
Witold Bauer ◽  
Dorota Bielska ◽  
Joanna Fiedorczuk ◽  
Monika Moroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Body Fat Content

The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene harbours one of the strongest susceptibility loci for obesity and obesity-related metabolic consequences. We analysed whether dietary factors may attenuate the associations between MC4R genotypes and obesity and metabolic parameters. In 819 participants genotyped for common MC4R polymorphisms (rs17782313, rs12970134, rs633265, and rs135034), the anthropometric measurements, body fat content and distribution (visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, VAT and SAT, respectively), and blood glucose, insulin, total-, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations, and daily macronutrient intake were assessed. ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests were used, and multivariate linear regression models were developed. We observed that the CC genotype carriers (rs17782313) presented higher VAT, VAT/SAT ratio, fasting blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations when they were stratified to the upper quantiles of protein intake. An increase in energy derived from proteins was associated with higher BMI (Est. 5.74, R2 = 0.12), body fat content (Est. 8.44, R2 = 0.82), VAT (Est. 32.59, R2 = 0.06), and VAT/SAT ratio (Est. 0.96, R2 = 0.05). The AA genotype carriers (rs12970134) presented higher BMI, body fat, SAT and VAT, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations. An increase in energy derived from proteins by AA carriers was associated with higher VAT (Est.19.95, R2 = 0.06) and VAT/SAT ratio (Est. 0.64, R2 = 0.05). Our findings suggest that associations of the common MC4R SNPs with obesity and its metabolic complications may be dependent on the daily dietary intake, which may open new areas for developing personalised diets for preventing and treating obesity and obesity-related comorbidities.

scholarly journals Dietary Behaviours May Modulate the Association Between Common MC4R Genetic Variants and Obesity and Its Comorbidities: The 1000PLUS Cohort Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Adamska-Patruno ◽  
Witold Bauer ◽  
Dorota Bielska ◽  
Joanna Fiedorczuk ◽  
Monika Moroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Abstract Background: The MC4R gene harbours one of the strongest susceptibility locus for obesity, and its metabolic consequences. The objective of this study was to analyze whether dietary factors may attenuate the MC4R genotypes effects on obesity and its comorbidities.Methods: In 819 adult participants, genotyped for MC4R SNPs (rs17782313, rs12970134, rs633265, rs1350341) the anthropometric measurements, total body fat, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), blood glucose, insulin, total-, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations were assessed. The daily macronutrient intake was calculated based on the three-day food intake records, and daily physical activity based on the validated questionnaire. The ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used, and multivariate linear regression models were developed to evaluate the effects of diet on obesity and related factors in various genotypes carriers.Results: The CC genotype (rs17782313) carriers, being in the upper quantiles of protein intake, presented significantly higher VAT, VAT/SAT ratio, fasting blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations, and an increase of energy derived from proteins was associated with significantly higher BMI (Est. 5.74, R2=0.12), body fat content (Est. 8.44, R2=0.82), VAT (32.59, R2=0.06), and VAT/SAT ratio (Est. 0.96, R2=0.05). The AA genotype carriers (rs12970134) being in the upper protein intake quantiles presented higher BMI, body fat, SAT and VAT volume, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations. Individuals carrying the AG and GG genotypes in the upper carbohydrate intake quantile had significantly lower body weight, waist circumference, insulin resistance and fasting insulin levels. An increase of energy derived from proteins by AA carriers was associated with significantly higher VAT (Est. 19.95, R2=0.06) and VAT/SAT ratio (Est. 0.64, R2=0.05).Conclusions: Our findings provide evidence that associations of the common MC4R SNPs with obesity and its comorbidities is modulated by dietary intake, and may be useful for genome-customized diets for obesity prevention.Trial registration. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03792685. Date of registration: 3Jan2019 (retrospectively registered), https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03792685.

scholarly journals Dietary-lifestyle patterns associated with adiposity and metabolic abnormalities in young men: cross-sectional study (MeDiSH Project)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Lonnie ◽  
Lidia Wadolowska ◽  
Joanna Kowalkowska ◽  
Elzbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
High Body ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the associations of dietary-lifestyle patterns (DLPs) with adiposity and metabolic abnormalities in young Polish men. The cross-sectional study included 367 men 19–40-year-old. Dietary and lifestyle behaviours were determined with food frequency questionnaire (Jezewska-Zychowicz et al. 2018, http://www.knozc.pan.pl). DPLs were derived with Principal Component Analysis. Body size and composition was assessed using measuring tapes and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. Adiposity was determined by the assessment of excessive body weight (body mass index, BMI = 25–29.9kg/m2 for overweight and ≥ 30kg/m2 for obesity), body-fat content (percentage body fat, %BF > 25%), central obesity status (waist circumference, WC > 102cm) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM < 31kg/m2). Metabolic abnormalities were determined if parameters exceeded: 100mg/dL for fasting blood glucose (FBG), 150mg/dL for triglycerides (TG), 200mg/dL for total cholesterol (TC) and at least one component of blood pressure (BP) was above the norm (SBP ≥ 130mmHg or/and DBP ≥ 80mmHg). Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and verify the association between variables. Four DLPs were derived, explaining 33% of the variance. Greater adherence (upper vs. bottom tertile) to “Protein food, fried-food and recreational physical activity” (DLP1) and “Healthy diet, activity at work, former smoking” (DLP4) patterns was associated with higher odds of being overweight (odds ratio, OR = 2.12, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI: 1.15–3.89; 3.05,1.69–5.53) but with high SMM (2.62, 1.53–4.49; 3.27, 1.91–5.59) and lower odds of central obesity (0.36, 0.16–0.83; 0.30, 0.12–0.74) and high body-fat content (0.22, 0.11–0.43; 0.37, 0.19–0.72). In addition, men from the upper tertile of DLP1 had lower odds of increased TC (0.43, 0.24–0.75). Greater adherence to “Sandwiches and convenience foods” pattern (DPL2) was associated with higher odds of central obesity (3.36,1.38–8.12), high body-fat content (3.69, 1.88–7.24) and high TC (2.50, 1.47–4.59) and lower odds of high SMM (0.54,0.32–0.90). Greater adherence to “Fast foods and stimulants” pattern (DLP3) was associated with higher odds of general and central obesity (2.56,1.00–6.56; 3.54, 1.53–8.19), high body-fat content (4.47, 2.05–9.73), but not with metabolic abnormalities. No associations between upper tertiles of DLPs and FBG, TG and BP were found. The clustering of dietary and lifestyle behaviours in men revealed that healthy diet attempts combined with active lifestyle, at work or leisure time, reduced risk of adiposity and metabolic abnormalities, despite some unhealthy components, former smoking or fried-food consumption. The study strengthens previous findings that unhealthy dietary behaviours have an adverse effect on adiposity outcomes and metabolic health, potentially through the mechanisms associated with central obesity.

scholarly journals Association between metabolic parameters and risks of anemia and electrolyte disturbances among stages 3–5 chronic kidney disease patients in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Lukas Kurniawan ◽  
Ya-Lan Yang ◽  
Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽  
Rathi Paramastri ◽  
Hsiu-An Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances

Abstract Background Anemia and electrolyte disturbances are adverse outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study explored the association between metabolic parameters with anemia and electrolyte and mineral disorders among CKD patients in Taiwan. Methods This cross-sectional study with a total of 2176 CKD stages 3–5 patients were collected from the Department of Nephrology at Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University through the “Chronic Kidney Disease Common Care Network” database from December 2008 to April 2019. A multivariable-adjusted logistic regression expressed as odd ratios (OR) was performed to assess the association of metabolic parameters with anemia and electrolyte and mineral disorders. Results Elevated diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were associated with presence of anemia. Similarly, elevated fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were associated with hyponatremia (OR = 1.59 and 1.58, P for both < 0.01) and hypercalcemia (OR = 1.38 and 1.33, P for both < 0.05). There was no significant association in serum lipid levels with presence of anemia. However, total triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were only associated with presence of hypercalcemia (OR = 1.43, 1.95 and 3.08, respectively, P for all < 0.05). Conclusions Elevated diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and blood lipids are associated with anemia or electrolyte and mineral disorders in CKD patients.

scholarly journals Influence of Biochemical and Anthropometric Factors on the Presence of Insulin Resistance in Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle ◽  
Miguel A. Montero-Alonso ◽  
Cristina Padez ◽  
Carmen J. García-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Fat Content

Background:Insulin resistance plays a determinant role in the development of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. The objective of the present study was to determine the influence of factors commonly associated with insulin resistance in a sample of adolescents.Methods:This cross-sectional study included 976 adolescents from southeast Spain. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed, and insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results:Subjects with abnormal HOMA-IR values had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), body fat content, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure (BP) than those with normal values. Furthermore, levels of glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, homocysteine, nonesterified fatty acids, and ceruloplasmin were higher in subjects with abnormal HOMA-IR values. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the highest odds ratio ( OR) for BMI and that combinations of BMI with body fat content or systolic BP can increase the risk of insulin resistance 7-fold.Discussion:Anthropometric indicators have different levels of influence on the risk of insulin resistance in adolescents, and a combination of two of these indicators is enough to increase the risk 7-fold. Since the highest OR was observed for BMI, the greatest effort should be directed to reducing this parameter in adolescents. An adequate understanding by nursing personnel of factors associated with insulin resistance is a key factor in the prevention of this pathophysiological condition and its complications in adolescents.

scholarly journals Association of thyroid hormone with body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Sun ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Rongzhen Wu ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Yinhui He
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the associations of thyroid hormones with body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods In January 2017, a cross sectional study, 66 male patients with T2DM who met the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria of 1999 who were ≥ 18.0 years and had normal thyroid function were recruited at a tertiary hospital. The categories of thyroid hormones (free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], and thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) were divided into three groups according to tertiles of thyroid hormones. Results The mean FT3, FT4, and TSH of the patients were 2.56 pg/mL, 1.03 ng/dL, and 1.50 μIU/mL, respectively. Increased FT3 were associated with higher body mass index (BMI) (P <  0.001), body fat percentage (BFP) (P = 0.008), visceral fat content (VFC) (P = 0.019), adiponectin (P = 0.037), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (P <  0.001), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P = 0.015). There were significant differences among the different FT4 categories for BMI (P = 0.033), waist–hip ratio (WHR) (P = 0.030), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.014), and IL-6 (P = 0.009). Increased TSH could increase the total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.005) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.010). FT3 was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.45; P <  0.001), WHR (r = 0.27; P = 0.028), BFP (r = 0.33; P = 0.007), VFC (r = 0.30; P = 0.014), adiponectin (r = 0.25; P = 0.045), TNF-α (r = 0.47; P <  0.001), and IL-6 (r = 0.32; P = 0.008). FT4 was positively correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.26; P = 0.038), LDL-C (r = 0.26; P = 0.036), and adiponectin (r = 0.28; P = 0.023). TSH was positively correlated with TC (r = 0.36; P = 0.003). Conclusion This study found that the changes in thyroid hormones are associated with various body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Hubungan Derajat Obesitas dengan Kadar Gula Darah Puasa pada Masyarakat di Kelurahan Batung Taba dan Kelurahan Korong Gadang, Kota Padang

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Fadilah Yusran Putri ◽  
Eva Decroli ◽  
Ellyza Nasrul
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Abstrak Derajat obesitas sebanding dengan tingkat akumulasi lemak tubuh. Peningkatan akumulasi lemak tubuh akan meningkatkan kadar gula darah puasa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan antara derajat obesitas dengan kadar gula darah puasa pada masyarakat di Kelurahan Batung Taba dan Kelurahan Korong Gadang, Kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini ialah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study terhadap 32 orang masyarakat yang berumur 35-60 tahun di Kelurahan Batung Taba dan Korong Gadang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel berupa purposive sampling. Derajat obesitas diukur dengan metode antropometrik, berupa Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) menurut kriteria Asia-Pasifik, yaitu obese I (IMT ≥25 kg/m2) dan obese II (IMT ≥30 kg/m2). Kadar gula darah puasa diukur secara enzimatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar masyarakat obese di Kelurahan Batung Taba dan Kelurahan Korong Gadang adalah berjenis kelamin perempuan dan berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga. Sebagian besar masyarakat memiliki berat badan dengan kriteria obese I dan kadar gula darah puasa dengan kriteria DM ≥100 mg/dl. Hasil analisis dengan uji chi-square didapatkan nilai p  = 1,000 (p>0,05), berarti tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara derajat obesitas dengan kadar gula darah puasa.  Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak berbeda antara kadar gula darah puasa pada obese I dan obese II pada masyarakat diKelurahan Batung Taba dan Kelurahan Korong Gadang.Kata kunci: obesitas, kadar gula darah puasa, indeks massa tubuhAbstract The degree of obesity is equal to the rate of body fat accumulation.  Accumulation of body fat increases fasting blood glucose.  The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of the degree of obesity and fasting blood glucose of people who live in Kelurahan Batung Taba and Kelurahan Korong Gadang, Padang City. This was an observational cross-sectional study to 32 residents of 35 to 60 years old in Batung Taba and Korong Gadang. The subjects were taken by purposive sampling method.  The degree of obesity was determined by Body Mass Index (BMI)from Asian-Pacific criteria, an anthropometric method, obese I (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and obese II (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Fasting blood glucose were determined enzimatically.  The result of this study showed that mostly obese population in Batung Taba and Korong Gadang is female, as represented by housewifes.  The majority of the population is obese I and has fasting blood glucose with DM criteria ≥100 mg/dl.  As estimated by chi -square analysis, the p value = 1.000 (p>0.05) and there was no significant relationship is found between the degree of obesity and fasting blood glucose. The conclusion from this study shows there is no different between fasting blood glucose levels in obese I and obese II among the residents of Kelurahan Batung Taba and Kelurahan Korong Gadang.Keywords: obesity, fasting blood glucose, body mass index

Total body fat content and fat topography are associated differently with in vivo glucose metabolism in nonobese and obese nondiabetic women

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bonora ◽  
S. Del Prato ◽  
R. C. Bonadonna ◽  
G. Gulli ◽  
A. Solini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals Effect of ambient temperature on the productive and carcass traits of growing rabbits divergently selected for body fat content

animal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 100096
Author(s):  
Z. Matics ◽  
Z. Gerencsér ◽  
R. Kasza ◽  
K. Terhes ◽  
I. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fat Content

scholarly journals Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Zhongyao Li ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

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