scholarly journals Comparative Fecal Metabolomes of Silkworms Being Fed Mulberry Leaf and Artificial Diet

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 851
Author(s):  
DaoYuan Qin ◽  
GenHong Wang ◽  
ZhaoMing Dong ◽  
QingYou Xia ◽  
Ping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Metabonomics accurately monitors the precise metabolic responses to various dietary patterns. Metabolic profiling allows simultaneous measurement of various fecal metabolites whose concentrations may be affected by food intake. In this study, we analyzed the fecal metabolomes of silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae reared on fresh mulberry leaves and artificial diets. 57 differentially expressed metabolites were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Of these, 39 were up-regulated and 18 were downregulated in the mulberry leaf meal group. Most of the amino acids, carbohydrates and lipids associated with physical development and silk protein biosynthesis were enriched in silkworms reared on mulberry leaves. In contrast, the urea, citric acid, D-pinitol, D-(+)-cellobiose and N-acetyl glucosamine levels were relatively higher in the silkworm feeding on the artificial diets. The findings of this study help clarify the association between diet and metabolic profiling.

EFFECT OF REPLACING RICE BRAN OR FISH MEAL BY FRESH OR DRIED MULBERRY LEAVES ON DIGESTIBILITY AND NITROGEN RETENTION OF PIGS

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiv Phiny ◽  
Khieu Borin ◽  
Hồ Trung Thông ◽  
Nguyễn Tiến Vởn ◽  
Preston Ton
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of replacing rice bran or fishmeal by fresh or dried mulberry leaves on digestibility and nitrogen retention of pigs. Inexperiment 1, a double 4x4 Latin square design in a 2x4 factorial arrangement was used tostudy the effect of graded levels of mulberry leaf meal (0, 15, 30 and 50% on a dry basis,respectively) in diets based on rice brans and broken rice on the N balance of eight youngcastrate male Mong Cai pigs with a mean weight of 15 kg. Mulberry leaf meal (MLM)contained DM 30.4% and in the dry matter: ash 16.9, crude fibre 20.1 and crude protein(Nx6.25) 25.4%, respectively. Feed intake was calculated to be 50 g DM/kg body weight.Although not significant, DM and organic matter digestibility appeared to increase withincreasing levels of dietary MLM. Organic matter digestibility was significantly better(P<0.05); N balance indices improved with the inclusion of MLM in the diet, and this effectwas significant for N retention (P<0.05) when expressed as proportion of the digested N. Inexperiment 2, six Large White castrate male pigs, weighing on average 15 kg, wereallocated according to a balanced change-over design, to two diets where mulberry leaves,either in milled of sun-dried or chopped off fresh, contributed about 45% of the total dailyN intake in iso-nitrogenous diets (Nx6.25, 13.7% on a dry basis). There were no significanteffects of treatment on DM, organic matter and N digestibility but dry leaves wereassociated with slightly lower digestibility values. N balance tended to be better in pigs fedwith fresh mulberry leaves compared to mulberry leaf meal. It can be concluded that inrice-based diets, it is possible to use mulberry leaves as the main protein source.Keywords: Digestibility, leaves, mulberry, pigs, protein.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis between the Domesticated Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Reared on Fresh Mulberry Leaves and on Artificial Diet

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5103-5111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-hua Zhou ◽  
Hui-juan Yang ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Cheng-fu Lou ◽  
Yao-zhou Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

scholarly journals Effect of Antibiotics on the Haemocyte Count and Rearing Performance of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

2020 ◽  
pp. 528-538
Author(s):  
Iqra Rafiq ◽  
Z. I. Buhroo ◽  
K. A. Sahaf ◽  
N. A. Ganie ◽  
M. F. Baqual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Silkworm Larvae ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Bombyx Mori L ◽  
Ceftiofur Sodium ◽  
Antibiotic Agents ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori ◽  
Total Haemocyte Count

Background: Antibiotic agents have been used in recent years to increase the growth of silkworm larvae and to improve production. In this context, the present investigation reported the effects of ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin on total haemocyte count (cells/mm3), survival percentage and economic characteristics in silkworm Bombyx mori L. at various concentration levels. The study regarding the effect of antibiotics was conducted on the silkworm breed APS-45. Three concentrations (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%) were prepared for each antibiotic. The worms were reared upto 3rd instar without any treatment. After third moult silkworms were supplemented with antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. Results: The experimental results showed that the effect of different antibiotics on economic parameters like larval weight, larval duration, cocoon weight, shell ratio and raw silk percentage were significantly increased in the treated lines in comparison to the control. Antibiotics also increased survival percentage and the most effective result was obtained at 0.15% of ceftiofur sodium followed by oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. In the present study highest THC value of 9157.33 mm/cm3 was recorded in treatment ceftiofur sodium treated batch at concentration C3 0.15%. An increment in the total haemocyte count was observed in other treatments as well and the cell count increased with an increase in concentration of antibiotic dosage and the effectiveness of the antibiotics followed the order ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. Conclusion: This research outlines that there is a significant improvement in the total haemocyte count and economic traits in silkworm with the supplementation of antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. The antibiotic treatment has significantly improved the raw silk percentage and has been found to be effective in reducing the mortality of silkworms. So, this antibiotic fortification can be further exploited for higher raw silk production.

scholarly journals URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT BY SHAPE AND SPECTRAL INDICES OF MULBERRY LEAVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-205
Author(s):  
Snejana Dineva ◽  
Zlatin Zlatev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Environmental Quality Assessment ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Potential Use

In this paper, an analysis of the potential use of the surface and geometric characteristics of mulberry leaves as parameters for environmental quality assessment is made. Methods have been used to reduce the amount of data of latent variables, linear and kernel variants of principal components. It has been found that a kernel variant of the principal components, combined with nonlinear separating functions of discriminant analysis and a method of support vector machines, are an appropriate methods for distinguishing the degree of air pollution from the mulberry leaf data. The results obtained could be used as preliminary baseline data for future evaluations and studies related to remote monitoring of urban air quality.

scholarly journals metabolic profiling of endophyte-infected and endophyte-free ryegrass grown under sufficient water supply and drought

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
H. Hahn ◽  
O. Fiehn ◽  
M.A. Mcmanus ◽  
D.B. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Endophyte Infection

Metabolic profiling using gas-chromatography mass spectrometry was performed for endophyte-infected (E+) and corresponding endophyte-free (E-) clones of two ryegrass genotypes cultivated under sufficient water supply and drought stress. In total, 243 metabolites representing both known and unknown compounds were analysed for samples taken at the end of the drought stress period and after rewatering (n=10 replications per level of genotype, endophyte infection, and water supply).

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