scholarly journals Effects of Cold Storage on Host Antheraea pernyi Egg Quality for the Egg Parasitoid Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1057
Author(s):  
Can Zhao ◽  
Baoxin Zhang ◽  
Zixin Liu ◽  
Huiyun Zhang ◽  
Dunsong Li
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Antheraea Pernyi ◽  
Significant Difference

Chinese silkworm (Antheraea pernyi) eggs are used as factitious hosts of Anastatus fulloi, and refrigeration of these eggs is essential for large-scale rearing of A. fulloi. We studied the effects of cold storage of A. pernyi eggs on egg quality and the fitness of A. fulloi reared on the eggs. Four cold storage treatments and two cold storage periods were assessed. The 0–3 °C refrigerator treatment was unsuitable for long-term (>70 days) storage. Cold storage at −5 °C and −18 °C increased the loss rate of A. pernyi eggs, but there was no significant difference between the control and 0–3 °C water bath treatment. The parasitism rate of A. fulloi was reduced when A. pernyi eggs were refrigerated for 6 or 12 months. There were no obvious differences in eclosion rate and percentage of females between control and eggs subjected to 6-month storage in 0–3 °C, −5 °C, and −18 °C water bath treatments. However, the eclosion rate and percentage of females decreased sharply when the storage period was 12 months. The overall eclosion rate of A. fulloi was reduced at the prolonged refrigeration time. Cold storage reduced host egg quality and their fitness suitability for A. fulloi. To minimize losses in the large-scale rearing of A. fulloi, A. pernyi eggs should be refrigerated in a 0–3 °C or −5 °C water bath treatment, and the storage period should not exceed 6 months.

scholarly journals Treatment Outcomes of Clopidogrel in Patients With ACS and Diabetes Undergoing PCI-analysis of Beijing Medicare Database

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihao Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Wang ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Fuli Man ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medicare Database

Abstract Background There are several clinical trials that proved the efficacy of clopidogrel treatment for patients with percutaneous coronary intervention. There are few large-scale research to explore the mortality associated with different duration use of clopidogrel in patients with diabetes and ACS undergoing PCI in the Chinese population. Objectives The objective of this analysis was to determine the efficacy of long-term clopidogrel therapy(≥ 12 months) versus short-term use(< 12 months) in Chinese patients with diabetes after PCI. Methods Using the Beijing Medicare database provided by Beijing Medical Security Bureau. The Beijing Medicare database contains medical data of about 16 million people, including about 990,000 patients with diabetes and a history of taking antidiabetic medicines. Patients were divided into two groups, one group of 9,116 patients receiving consecutive clopidogrel for one year or more, and another group of 3290 patients receiving consecutive clopidogrel less than one year. The primary of this analysis was the risk of all-cause death, myocardial infarction and revascularization. Results In patients with diabetes after PCI, long-term clopidogrel treatment was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death(HR, 0.57[95%CI, 0.49–0.67], P < 0.0001), myocardial infarction(HR, 0.79[95%CI, 0.68–0.93], P = 0.0035) and an increased risk of angina(HR, 1.18[95%CI, 1.10–1.27], P < 0.0001]) and revascularization(HR, 1.07[95%CI, 1.01–1.13], P = 0.02]). There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause re-hospitalization(P = 0.7529), diabetes-related re-hospitalization and cerebrovascular re-hospitalization. Conclusion The present study concluded that long-term dual anti-platelet therapy including clopidogrel and aspirin could decrease the risks of all-cause death, myocardial infarction. But it could increase the risks of angina and revascularization. Further studies should interpret the cause of this question.

Cryogenic Gas for Rapid Cooling of Commercially Processed Shell Eggs Before Packaging

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA A. CURTIS ◽  
KENNETH E. ANDERSON ◽  
FRANK T. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cryogenic Cooling ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Shell Eggs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Haugh Unit ◽  
Cryogenic Gases

Research was initiated to evaluate the effects on egg quality and microbial counts of rapidly cooling eggs by using cryogenic gases. Four trials were conducted utilizing a 2 × 2 factorial design with cryogenic cooling and Pseudomonas inoculation as the main variables. The 1440 eggs used in each trial were evaluated for cracked shells, Haugh units, and albumen pH. Cryogenically cooled treatment groups were successfully cooled from 37°C to 7°C in significantly less time than in a traditionally cooled pallet. The Haugh unit values obtained from traditionally cooled eggs were significantly (P &gt; .001) lower than those from cryogenically cooled eggs. There was no significant difference in the albumen pH of the two groups. Internal and external bacterial counts revealed significantly fewer bacteria in the interior of cryogenically cooled eggs than in the interior of traditionally cooled eggs. However, after a 30-day storage period at 7°C, no difference was found in external and internal bacterial contamination rates. The results of this trial suggest that rapid cooling with cryogenic gases could be used in conjunction with current commercial egg processing to cool eggs prior to packaging. The successful commercial application of this procedure would reduce egg temperatures as well as the likelihood of Salmonella enteritidis growth in or on eggs. Thus, consumers would be provided with safer commercially processed shell eggs. In addition, the Haugh unit data indicate that rapid cooling with cryogenic gases enhances the quality of commercially processed shell eggs.

scholarly journals Metals Leak from Tilled Soil in a Century – A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Gunnar Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The Mean

<p>Toxic metals are mobilized on a large scale in modern society. Many of those metals end up in sewage sludge. The objective of this review was to elucidate the threat to groundwater due to a few metals lost from tilled sludge amended soils. It is sometimes suggested that these metals are immobilized in the topsoil and do not move downward. In contrast, dozens of long term field studies around the world indicate that penetration depths for metals increase with time since deposition.</p><p>Such studies were examined in depth in the current analysis. An equation was developed for calculation of long term mean metal penetration rates into the topsoil for copper and silver. The equation is valid for about a century but not much longer. The mean depths of a basic set of 11 cases from studies over 4 years to 100 years were predicted with a standard deviation of 11%. A typical penetration rate was 3 mm per year. There was no significant difference in penetration rate between several cations. Extremely large amendments were associated with larger penetration rates.</p><p>When metals have traversed the topsoil, the groundwater will be contaminated. The European Groundwater Pollution Directive stipulates that pesticide levels should be kept below 0.1 µg/l. When sludge is applied to agricultural soil, this level may by far be exceeded for many metals, even if strict limitations are applied to the metal contents of the sludge. This calls for careful assessment of the groundwater consequences of sludge amendment.</p><p>Extensive supplementary material provides many detailed tables, texts and references.</p>

scholarly journals Reproducibility and Variability of Protein Analytes Measured Using a Multiplexed Modified Aptamer Assay

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne Tin ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Jianzhong Ma ◽  
Kunihiro Masushita ◽  
Natalie Daya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aptamer Assay ◽  
Aric Study ◽  
Protein Analytes

Abstract Background There is growing interest in the use of multiplexed aptamer-based assays for large-scale proteomic studies. However, the analytic, short- and long-term variation of the measured proteins is largely uncharacterized. Methods We quantified 4001 plasma protein analytes from 42 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in split samples and at multiple visits using a multiplexed modified aptamer assay. We calculated the CV, Spearman correlation, and intraclass correlation (ICC) between split samples and evaluated the short-term (4–9 weeks) and long-term (approximately 20 years) variability using paired t-tests with log-transformed protein concentrations and Bonferroni-corrected significance thresholds. We performed principal component (PC) analysis of protein analyte concentrations and evaluated their associations with age, sex, race, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results The mean baseline age was 57 years at the first visit, 43% of participants were male and 57% were white. Among 3693 protein analytes that passed quality control, half (n = 1846) had CVs &lt; 5.0%, Spearman correlations &gt; 0.89, and ICCs &gt; 0.96 among the split samples. Over the short term, only 1 analyte had a statistically significant difference between the 2 time points, whereas, over approximately 20 years, 866 analytes (23.4%) had statistically significant differences (P &lt; 1.4 × 10−5, 681 increased, 185 decreased). PC1 had high correlations with age (−0.73) and eGFR (0.60). PC2 had moderate correlation with male sex (0.18) and white race (0.31). Conclusions Multiplexed modified aptamer technology can assay thousands of proteins with excellent precision. Our results support the potential for large-scale studies of the plasma proteome over the lifespan.

scholarly journals Central-Eastern China Persistent Heat Waves: Evaluation of the AMIP Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 3609-3624 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Freychet ◽  
S. F. B. Tett ◽  
G. C. Hegerl ◽  
J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Seasonal Signal

Abstract Large-scale and persistent heat waves affecting central-eastern China are investigated in 40 different simulations of sea surface temperature driven global atmospheric models. The different models are compared with results from reanalysis and ground station datasets. It is found that the dynamics of heat-wave events is well reproduced by the models. However, they tend to produce too-persistent heat-wave events (lasting more than 20 days), and several hypotheses were tested to explain this bias. The daily variability of the temperatures or the seasonal signal did not explain the persistence. However, interannual variability of the temperatures in the models, and especially the sharp transition in the mid-1990s, has a large impact on the duration of heat waves. A filtering method was applied to select the models closest to the observations in terms of events persistence. The selected models do not show a significant difference from the other models for the long-term trends. Thus, the bias on the duration of the events does not impact the reliability of the model positive trends, which is mainly controlled by the changes in mean temperatures.

scholarly journals Effect of Prestorage Treatments on the Vaselife of Fresh-cut Peony Flowers Held under Long-term Cold Storage

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 459F-460
Author(s):  
Karen L.B. Gast ◽  
Melinda McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
Valentine's Day ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Freeze Dryer ◽  
Processing Cycle

Peony flowers are among the few fresh-cut flowers that can be stored dry at cold temperatures for weeks and still produce a viable product for the marketplace. Devising new ways to extend that storage period could open new markets for peony growers. In the northern hemisphere, more peonies could be available for summer weddings, and in the southern hemisphere, red peonies could be used for Valentine's Day. Being able to control and extend the vaselife of peony flowers could also be useful for companies that freeze-dry peonies. Their production is limited by the length of their processing cycle and the size of their freeze dryer. Being able to extend their production season could make them more profitable. Three treatments were applied to peony flowers harvested in the colored bud stage before flowers where placed in cold storage, 2°C. An untreated control was included. Flowers were removed from storage every 2 weeks for 14 weeks. Vaselife and fresh weights were evaluated. Total nonstructural carbohydrate levels of the petals, leaves, and stems of the flowers are to be analyzed. Preliminary analysis of the data shows some treatment differences.

scholarly journals Effect of genotype on body weight and average feed intake of f locally-adapted turkey of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
R. J. Nosike ◽  
R. O. Igwe ◽  
C. N. Okocha ◽  
E. C. Inyang ◽  
O. F. Nwakpu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Turkey Poults ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Parent Stock

 A total of 78 day-old Random-bred Nigerian local turkey poults were used as parent stock to generate 232, 1 day-old poults ( ) used in the evaluation of the Nigerian local turkey phenotypes based on egg quality parameters. Three phenotypic classes (black, white and spotted) were obtained as base population and used to generate F progeny for the study. Experimental design for the experiment was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with phenotypic class as major factor of interest. Results showed that Initial body weights were 62.39g, 62.56g and 62.43g in black, white and spotted respectively, whereas final body weights were 2761.25g, 2586g and 2697.58g in black, white and spotted respectively, and differed significantly (p<0.05) in weeks 13 and 17 with the heaviest weight in black phenotype. Therewas no significant difference (p>0.05) in bodyweights of the phenotypes in all other weeks. With the exception of weeks 3 and 13 in which there were significant differences (p<0.05), there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in average daily feed intake (ADFI) in all other weeks. It was therefore, concluded that for rapid improvement of these traits, the black variety could be used to enhance growth of Nigerian local turkeys in the study area. The present findings could assist in the design of long-term genetic improvement programmes for turkey production in Nigeria.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF APPLE SHOOT CULTURES TO COLD TREATMENT

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1105G-1105
Author(s):  
P.A. O`Connor ◽  
S.S. Korban
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Dark Chamber ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Modified Ms Medium ◽  
Apple Shoot

Established shoot cultures of three apple genotypes, `Dayton', `McIntosh', and `Golden Delicious' were subcultured into culture tubes containing a modified MS medium and maintained in a dark chamber at 1.0±0.5°C for periods of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Following each cold storage period, culture tubes of each of the three genotypes were transferred to a growth room and maintained under 16 h of light (60 uEs-1m-2) and 21°C. The overall morphological condition of each shoot was then recorded. After 4 weeks of growth, both number and length (in cm) of proliferating shoots were recorded. In general, shoots subjected to 3 or 6 months of cold storage remained green however most cultures did not initiate any new shoots. Cultures subjected to 9 or 12 months of cold treatment were etiolated however new axillary shoots were observed. The proliferation rate after 4 weeks of growth under standard growth conditions were variable among the different genotypes. The implications of using long term cold storage of apple shoot cultures will be discussed.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Sipjeondaebo-Tang for Anorexia in Patients with Cancer: A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhoo Cheon ◽  
Jeong-Eun Yoo ◽  
Hwa-Seung Yoo ◽  
Chong-Kwan Cho ◽  
Sohyeon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cancer Anorexia

Background. Anorexia occurs in about half of cancer patients and is associated with high mortality rate. However, safe and long-term use of anorexia treatment is still an unmet need. Objective. The purpose of the present study was to examine the feasibility of Sipjeondaebo-tang (Juzen-taiho-to, Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang) for cancer-related anorexia. Methods. A total of 32 participants with cancer anorexia were randomized to either Sipjeondaebo-tang group or placebo group. Participants were given 3 g of Sipjeondaebo-tang or placebo 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was a change in the Anorexia/Cachexia Subscale of Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT). The secondary outcomes included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of anorexia, FAACT scale, and laboratory tests. Results. Anorexia and quality of life measured by FAACT and VAS were improved after 4 weeks of Sipjeondaebo-tang treatment. However, there was no significant difference between changes of Sipjeondaebo-tang group and placebo group. Conclusions. Sipjeondaebo-tang appears to have potential benefit for anorexia management in patients with cancer. Further large-scale studies are needed to ensure the efficacy. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02468141.

scholarly journals Colour of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) accessions influenced by the length of cold storage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Somogyi ◽  
J. Lázár ◽  
P. Bodor ◽  
T. Kaszab
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractColour is one of the most important phenotypic characters of the table grape cultivars, which has high importance in the consumer's preference. This morphological trait is variable and not consistently uniform within a cultivar or even a bunch. Between harvest and consumption fruits are stored for several weeks which time is influencing the colour of the berry. In this study 10 grapevine accessions (Agaphante, KM98, Korai piros veltelini, Korona, Pinot gris, Pozsonyi, Ros de Minis, Tramini piros, T9, Zenit) were collected from the germplasm collection of the Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology of the National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre of Kecskemét. The samples were investigated by ColorLite Sph850 spectrophotometer. The colour of 30 berries per accessions were measured in 3 replicates per berry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the colour and the effect of cold storage. L✻, a✻, b✻ values of each accessions were evaluated after the sampling and until a visible reduction in the quality of the grapes, at most 4 weeks with 1-week intervals from the harvest. Results showed that there is a significant difference among the cultivars in the L∗, a∗, b∗ values. The length of cold storage also has a significant effect on the colour of the accessions as the values are changing in some cases of the 1-week storage period.

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