scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus Keratitis: Incidence, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors and Novel Strategies for Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Jason W. Lee ◽  
Tobi Somerville ◽  
Stephen B. Kaye ◽  
Vito Romano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bacterial Keratitis ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Causative Pathogen ◽  
Novel Treatments

Bacterial keratitis is a devastating condition that can rapidly progress to serious complications if not treated promptly. Certain causative microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are notorious for their resistance to antibiotics. Resistant bacterial keratitis results in poorer outcomes such as scarring and the need for surgical intervention. Thorough understanding of the causative pathogen and its virulence factors is vital for the discovery of novel treatments to avoid further antibiotic resistance. While much has been previously reported on P. aeruginosa, S. aureus has been less extensively studied. This review aims to give a brief overview of S. aureus epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical characteristics as well as summarise the current evidence for potential novel therapies.

scholarly journals 64-year-old male with septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Konik ◽  
Brent Bauer ◽  
Mark Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Pubic Symphysis ◽  
Pelvic Malignancy ◽  
Incontinence Surgery ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Hip Motion

Septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis is a rare disease. Typical clinical features include fever, pubic or groin pain, pain with hip motion, and painful or waddling gait. Identified predisposing factors to develop an infection in pubic joint include female incontinence surgery or postpartum period; sports, especially soccer; pelvic malignancy; and intravenous drug abuse. The most often identified microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Osteomyelitis complicates the majority of cases, and about half of the patients require surgical debridement along with a prolonged antibiotic treatment. We report a case of Streptococcus anginosus septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis. The patient did not have any of the above risk factors.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Infections: Local Prevalence of and Case–Control Study of Risk Factors for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J Kim ◽  
Alison Lydecker ◽  
Rohini Davé ◽  
Jacqueline T Bork ◽  
Mary-Claire Roghmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infections ◽  
Control Study

Abstract We identified deep diabetic foot infections by culture and conducted a case–control study examining the risk factors for moderate to severe methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) diabetic foot infections. Our MRSA prevalence was lower than literature values; PsA was higher. Gangrene may be predictive of Pseudomonas infection.

Suppurative Thrombophlebitis: Correlation Between Pathogen and Underlying Disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 582-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Capt Robert A. Johnson ◽  
Capt Robert A. Zajac ◽  
Maj Martin E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Apparent Association

AbstractWe identified 29 episodes of suppurative thrombophlebitis in 27 patients admitted to a large general hospital between May 1980 and May 1984. In 25 patients, the intravenous cannulae had been in place for more than 3 days. Streptococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or one of the Enterobacteriaceae were implicated in 14 patients. All these patients had recently undergone abdominal surgery or had a major intraabdominal inflammatory process at the time they developed thrombophlebitis. The remaining 13 patients were infected with Staphylococcus aureus, other grampositive cocci or Candida species. Only two of these had an active abdominal process at the time of their infection (x2 = 16.08, P<0.001). There is an apparent association between phlebitis caused by enteric organisms and active intra-abdominal pathology. There were two deaths related to delayed or deferred surgery. Suppurative thrombophlebitis is a lethal, preventable nosocomial infection that requires urgent surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Bacteremia Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Horino ◽  
Akio Chiba ◽  
Shinji Kawano ◽  
Tetsuro Kato ◽  
Fumiya Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Characteristics

scholarly journals 181. Demographic and Geographic Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia using Geographic Information Systems Mapping and Spatial Statistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S199-S199
Author(s):  
Julia Marshall ◽  
Vance G Fowler ◽  
Felicia Ruffin ◽  
Paul Lantos ◽  
Christopher Timmins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia

Abstract Background Risk factors for community-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) are incompletely understood. We used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial statistics to analyze demographic and geographic epidemiology of SAB in the community. Methods We used the S. aureus Bacteremia Group Prospective Cohort Study (SABG-PCS) at Duke University Medical Center to obtain demographic and clinical data. We used the American Community Survey and U.S. Census to supply neighborhood variables. Secular trends in demographic and clinical characteristics of SAB patients prospectively enrolled between 1995 and 2015 (n = 2478) were determined using linear regressions. To characterize spatial patterns in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteremia compared to Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bacteremia, we used GIS mapping and selected a subgroup of patients (n = 667) living in and around Durham County, North Carolina. We then created generalized additive models (GAMs) using this subgroup to detect geographic heterogeneities in probabilities of MRSA infections compared to MSSA infections. Results We found evidence of changing demographic and clinical characteristics of SAB patients over the 21-year period. The proportion of infections acquired in the community increased significantly (p &lt; 0.0001). However, we did not detect spatial heterogeneities of MRSA infections in Durham County. Patient location of residence was not significantly associated with antimicrobial-resistant infections. Patient age and year of hospital admission were the only statistically significant covariates in our spatial models. Conclusion We utilized a novel method to analyze SAB in the community using GIS and spatial statistics. Future research should prioritize community transmission of S. aureus to identify robust risk factors for infection. Disclosures Vance G. Fowler, Jr., MD, MHS, Achaogen (Consultant)Advanced Liquid Logics (Grant/Research Support)Affinergy (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Affinium (Consultant)Akagera (Consultant)Allergan (Grant/Research Support)Amphliphi Biosciences (Consultant)Aridis (Consultant)Armata (Consultant)Basilea (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Bayer (Consultant)C3J (Consultant)Cerexa (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Contrafect (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Debiopharm (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Destiny (Consultant)Durata (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, educational fees)Genentech (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Green Cross (Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Integrated Biotherapeutics (Consultant)Janssen (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Karius (Grant/Research Support)Locus (Grant/Research Support)Medical Biosurfaces (Grant/Research Support)Medicines Co. (Consultant)MedImmune (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Merck (Grant/Research Support)NIH (Grant/Research Support)Novadigm (Consultant)Novartis (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Pfizer (Grant/Research Support)Regeneron (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)sepsis diagnostics (Other Financial or Material Support, Pending patent for host gene expression signature diagnostic for sepsis.)Tetraphase (Consultant)Theravance (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Trius (Consultant)UpToDate (Other Financial or Material Support, Royalties)Valanbio (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, Stock options)xBiotech (Consultant)

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in cefepime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Yi Su ◽  
Jung-Jr Ye ◽  
Po-Chang Hsu ◽  
Hsuan-Feng Wu ◽  
Ju-Hsin Chia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Characteristics

scholarly journals 163. Infective Endocarditis in Qatar: Risk Factors, Clinical Characteristics, Microbiology, and Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S106-S107
Author(s):  
Ahmed Zaqout ◽  
Shaban Mohammed ◽  
Maliha Thapur ◽  
Hussam Al Soub ◽  
Muna Almaslamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Cardiac Devices ◽  
Duke Criteria ◽  
Implantable Cardiac Devices ◽  
Culture Negative

Abstract Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious and life-threatening disease. The aim of the study is to describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with IE in Qatar. Methods Patients were identified from the electronic records of Hamad Medical Corporation hospitals, the national referral center for the State of Qatar. Those aged ≥18 years with Duke Criteria-based diagnosis of IE during the period from January 2015 to September 2017 were included. Data were analyzed using STATA software Version 15. Results Fifty-seven cases were included, of which 70% were males. Mean age was 51 years (± 16.8). Eleven (19%) were in association with prosthetic valves and 6 (11%) with implantable cardiac devices (Table 1). Fever (84%), dyspnea (46%) and heart failure were the commonest presentations. The majority of patients had preexisting valvular heart disease or intra-cardiac devices (Table 1). Skin infections (10, 18%) were the most prevalent portals of infection, followed by venous catheters, recent valve surgery and implantable cardiac devices (Table 1). Staphylococcus species were implicated in 19 (34%) and Streptococcaceae in 9 (16%); whereas 21 (37%) were culture-negative (Table 2). Left-side IE (49, 86%) was predominant. Acute kidney injury (AKI) (17, 30%) and heart failure (11, 19%) were common complications. The most frequently used treatment regimens included glycopeptides or Β-lactams (Table 2). Only 9 (16%) patients underwent surgical intervention. Fourteen (25%) patients died of any cause before hospital discharge. Logistic regression analysis identified septic shock and AKI as the only risk factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality (Table 3). Conclusion Skin infections are an important risk for IE in Qatar. The majority of patients with IE have preexisting cardiac conditions. Staphylococci are the commonest confirmed bacterial etiology of IE in Qatar, but nearly one-third of cases are culture-negative. Only a small proportion of patients with IE undergo surgical intervention and overall mortality is high. The findings suggest that efforts should be directed toward improving IE prevention strategies in high-risk patients, encourage early microbiological investigations and improved medical and surgical management. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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