Suppurative Thrombophlebitis: Correlation Between Pathogen and Underlying Disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 582-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Capt Robert A. Johnson ◽  
Capt Robert A. Zajac ◽  
Maj Martin E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Apparent Association

AbstractWe identified 29 episodes of suppurative thrombophlebitis in 27 patients admitted to a large general hospital between May 1980 and May 1984. In 25 patients, the intravenous cannulae had been in place for more than 3 days. Streptococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or one of the Enterobacteriaceae were implicated in 14 patients. All these patients had recently undergone abdominal surgery or had a major intraabdominal inflammatory process at the time they developed thrombophlebitis. The remaining 13 patients were infected with Staphylococcus aureus, other grampositive cocci or Candida species. Only two of these had an active abdominal process at the time of their infection (x2 = 16.08, P<0.001). There is an apparent association between phlebitis caused by enteric organisms and active intra-abdominal pathology. There were two deaths related to delayed or deferred surgery. Suppurative thrombophlebitis is a lethal, preventable nosocomial infection that requires urgent surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus Keratitis: Incidence, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors and Novel Strategies for Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Jason W. Lee ◽  
Tobi Somerville ◽  
Stephen B. Kaye ◽  
Vito Romano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bacterial Keratitis ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Causative Pathogen ◽  
Novel Treatments

Bacterial keratitis is a devastating condition that can rapidly progress to serious complications if not treated promptly. Certain causative microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are notorious for their resistance to antibiotics. Resistant bacterial keratitis results in poorer outcomes such as scarring and the need for surgical intervention. Thorough understanding of the causative pathogen and its virulence factors is vital for the discovery of novel treatments to avoid further antibiotic resistance. While much has been previously reported on P. aeruginosa, S. aureus has been less extensively studied. This review aims to give a brief overview of S. aureus epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical characteristics as well as summarise the current evidence for potential novel therapies.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Property of Extracts of Indian Lichen against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Srivastava ◽  
D. K. Upreti ◽  
T. N. Dhole ◽  
Apurva K. Srivastava ◽  
Meghanand T. Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Usnea Ghattensis

Context.Usnea ghattensisG. Awasthi (Usneaceae) endemic fruticose lichen found growing luxuriantly in Northern Western Ghats of India, it also contains Usnic acid as a major chemical and tested against some human pathogenic bacteria.Objective. To explore antimicrobial properties ofUsnea ghattensisagainst some human pathogenic bacteria.Materials and Methods. The lichen was extracted in acetone, methanol, and ethanol.In vitroantimicrobial activity was tested initially byKirby-Bauertechnique of disc diffusion method and was confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration using Broth microdilution method according to the NCCLS guidelines.Results. Ethanol extract was most effective againstBacillus cereusandPseudomonas aeruginosawith a zone of inhibition 29.8 ± 0.6 mm and 12.3 ± 0.5 mm diameters at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. Acetone and methanol extract demonstrated almost similar activity againstStaphylococcus aureusand the zone of inhibition was 24.6 ± 0.5 and 24.7 ± 0.4 mm. Only methanol extract was showing activity againstStreptococcus faecaliswith a 13.5 ± 0.8 mm zone. MIC value noted againstStaphylococcus aureusandStreptococcus faecaliswas 6.25 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, whereas againstBacillus cereusandPseudomonas aeruginosa, MIC calculated was 3.125 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion. The present study demonstrates the relatively higher activity of this lichen against not only gram (+) but significantly also against gram (−) bacteria. This indicates that this lichen might be a rich source of effective antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Estudo da suscetibilidade "in vitro" a um novo antimicrobiano (IMIPENEM) de patógenos isolados de pacientes hospitalares em vários centros

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Cid Vieira Franco de Godoy ◽  
Caio Mareio Figueiredo Mendes ◽  
Igor Mímica ◽  
Moema de Oliveira ◽  
Italo Suassuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
E Coli

O imipenem é um novo antibiótico Beta lactâmico, carbapenêmico, altamente potente e com amplo espectro de atividade antimicrobiana. Com intuito de comprovar a eficácia "in vitro" deste fármaco em patógenos mais freqüentes em nosso meio, descrevem os autores, os resultados das provas de suscetibilidade por discos e/ou a correspondência por provas de diluição para determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) em 1230 cepas compreendendo 41 diferentes espécies bacterianas recém-isoladas, principalmente de pacientes hospitalares em 5 diferentes centros médicos de Sáo Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Salvador. Nossos resultados preliminares com o antibiótico, em fase final de experimentação clínica e laboratorial, em nosso meio, foram muito promissores, com 96.79% de cepas suscetíveis pela prova do disco (10 μg de imipenem) e 92,31% de correspondência pela determinação do CIM (concentrações de até 4μg/ml). Das 9 espécies bacterianas mais freqüentemente isoladas, correspondendo a 1008 (82%) das 1230 cepas de nosso material, as sensibilidades pela prova do disco foram de 99% (E. coli), 93% (Pseudomonas aeruginosas), 87% (Staphylococcus aureus), 100% (Klebsiella pneumoniae), 98% (Klebsiella sp) e 100% (Streptococcus faecalis) com boa correspondência pela determinação do CIM até 8μg/ml; e 100% para o anaeróbio Bacteróides sp (CIM até 4μg/ml). Ressaltam os autores a eficácia "in vitro" contra patógenos hospitalares que apresentam elevados índices de resistência à grande maioria de antibióticos como o Pseudomonas aeruginosa e para anaeróbios, notadamente o Bacteróides sp.

Effect of Thio- and Hydrazino-derivatives of Uracil, 6-Azauracil and 6-Azathymine on the Growth of Some Microorganisms in Vitro

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Spassov ◽  
Evgeny Golovinsky ◽  
Nadejda Spassovska ◽  
Liliana Maneva
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Derivatives Of

The antibacterial activity of 2-thiouracil, 2-methylthiouracil, 2-hydrazinouracil, 2,4-dithiouracil, 2-thio-4-hydrazinouracil, 2-thio-6-azathymine, 2-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 2,4-dithio-6-azathymine, 2-thio-4-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 2,4-dimethylthio-6-azathymine, 2-methylthio-4-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 4-thio-6-azauracil and 4-hydrazino-6-azauracil has been studied on the growth of: Staphylococcus aureus 209, Streptococcus faecalis 775, Escherichiia coli 387, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis and Neurospora crassa 9863.The highest inhibitory effect was observed with 4-hydrazino-derivatives of 2-thiouracil, 6-azauracil and 2-thio-6-azathymine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Azo Group on the Biological Activity of 1-(4-Methylphenylazo)-2-naphthol

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mkpenie ◽  
G. Ebong ◽  
I. B. Obot ◽  
B. Abasiekong
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Azo Group

Azo-2-naphthol and 2-naphthol were tested against five microorganisms:Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas aeruginosaandStreptococcus faecalis. 2-Naphthol was slightly active while azo-2-naphthol was highly active against all the bacteria species tested. The presence of azo group contributed more than 60% of the antibacterial activities exhibited by azo-2-naphthol on all the bacteria tested.

scholarly journals Water and air ozone treatment as an alternative sanitizing technology [abstract]

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Martinelli ◽  
Francesca Giovannangeli ◽  
Sara Rotunno ◽  
Claudia Maria Trombetta ◽  
Emanuele Montomoli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Air Disinfection ◽  
Modest Reduction

PURPOSE: Investigate the effectiveness of ozone treatment as an alternative sanitizing technology to conventional disinfectants in reducing the microbial contamination of both water and air. METHODS: Ozone was added for 20 minutes to a well-defined volume of water and air by the system named “Ozonomatic®”. The effectiveness of ozonation was determined by counting CFU/m3 or mL of bacteria present in samples of air or water collected before (T0) and after (T1) the addition of ozone and comparing the microbial load of different bacteria present in ozonized and non-ozonized samples. RESULTS: When the ozonation equipment was located at 30 cm from the surface of the water in the bath tub in which the bacteria were inoculated, the treatment was able to reduce the microbial load present in the aerosol by 70.4% at a temperature of 36°C for 48 hours. Conversely, at 22°C for 5 days, only a modest decrease (9.1%) was observed. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were completely eliminated. A 93.9% reduction was observed for Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Streptococcus faecalis (25.9%). The addition of ozone to water was able to almost eliminate Staphylococcus aureus (98.9% reduction) and also to exert a strong impact on Legionella pneumophila (87.5% reduction). Streptococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a decrease of 64.2% and 57.4%, respectively. Conversely, only a 26.4% reduction was observed for the bacterium Escherichia coli. This study showed that the addition of ozone in the air exerted a modest reduction on microbial load at 36°C, whereas no effect was observed at 22°C. CONCLUSIONS: Aqueous and gaseous ozone treatments were effective against microbial contaminants, reducing the CFU of the microorganisms and confirming its efficacy in water and air disinfection.

scholarly journals Prevalence rates of infection in intensive care units of a tertiary teaching hospital

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Toufen Junior ◽  
André Luiz Dresler Hovnanian ◽  
Suelene Aires Franca ◽  
Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence rates of infections among intensive care unit patients, the predominant infecting organisms, and their resistance patterns. To identify the related factors for intensive care unit-acquired infection and mortality rates. DESIGN: A 1-day point-prevalence study. SETTING:A total of 19 intensive care units at the Hospital das Clínicas - University of São Paulo, School of Medicine (HC-FMUSP), a teaching and tertiary hospital, were eligible to participate in the study. PATIENTS: All patients over 16 years old occupying an intensive care unit bed over a 24-hour period. The 19 intensive care unit s provided 126 patient case reports. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rates of infection, antimicrobial use, microbiological isolates resistance patterns, potential related factors for intensive care unit-acquired infection, and death rates. RESULTS: A total of 126 patients were studied. Eighty-seven patients (69%) received antimicrobials on the day of study, 72 (57%) for treatment, and 15 (12%) for prophylaxis. Community-acquired infection occurred in 15 patients (20.8%), non- intensive care unit nosocomial infection in 24 (33.3%), and intensive care unit-acquired infection in 22 patients (30.6%). Eleven patients (15.3%) had no defined type. The most frequently reported infections were respiratory (58.5%). The most frequently isolated bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae (33.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (16.9%; [100% resistant to methicillin]). Multivariate regression analysis revealed 3 risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired infection: age > 60 years (p = 0.007), use of a nasogastric tube (p = 0.017), and postoperative status (p = 0.017). At the end of 4 weeks, overall mortality was 28.8%. Patients with infection had a mortality rate of 34.7%. There was no difference between mortality rates for infected and noninfected patients (p=0.088). CONCLUSION: The rate of nosocomial infection is high in intensive care unit patients, especially for respiratory infections. The predominant bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus (resistant organisms). Factors such as nasogastric intubation, postoperative status, and age ³60 years were significantly associated with infection. This study documents the clinical impression that prevalence rates of intensive care unit-acquired infections are high and suggests that preventive measures are important for reducing the occurrence of infection in critically ill patients.

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