scholarly journals How to Predict the Suitability for Corneal Donorship?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3426
Author(s):  
Franziska Schön ◽  
Adrian Gericke ◽  
Julia Bing Bu ◽  
Melissa Apel ◽  
Alicia Poplawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Donor Age ◽  
Eye Bank ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Phakic Eyes ◽  
Donor Corneas ◽  
Collection Time

Background: In Germany, more than one-third of donor corneas harvested are not suitable for transplantation. We evaluated the factors associated with the usability of donor corneas. Method: Data from 2032 consecutive donor corneas harvested at the Rhineland-Palatinate Eye Bank in Mainz, Germany, were retrospectively analyzed. Factors of interest were age, sex, lens status, cause of death, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), death-to-explantation-interval (DEI), and the influence of these factors on the proportion of discarded donor corneas. Factors associated with endothelial cell density (ECD) were analyzed in a linear regression mixed model. Results: Higher donor age, male gender, pseudophakic lens status, and longer DEI were associated with significantly reduced ECD. With respect to DEI, the estimated cell loss was 7 ± 2 cells/mm2/hour (p < 0.001). Age was associated with a lower ECD of 6 ± 2 cells/mm2 per year (p = 0.001). Female ECD was 189 ± 44 cells/mm2 higher than male ECD (p < 0.001). Pseudophakic eyes had 378 ± 42 cells/mm2 less compared with phakic eyes (p < 0.001). Cause of death did not affect the ECD. Of note, 55% and 38% of corneas harvested on the second and third postmortem day, respectively, and 45% of corneas from donors older than 80 years were still suitable for transplantation. Conclusions: In the context of a growing need for donor corneas, we do not recommend limiting donor age and collection time to 24 h or excluding oncology donors, as is the practice in many countries. Therefore, we propose a mathematical model for better donor preselection.

Survival times for cats with hyperthyroidism treated with a 3.35 mCi iodine-131 dose: a retrospective study of 96 cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Vagney ◽  
Loic Desquilbet ◽  
Edouard Reyes-Gomez ◽  
Françoise Delisle ◽  
Patrick Devauchelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Length Estimation

Objectives Radioiodine (131I) dose determination using radiotracer kinetic studies or scoring systems, and fixed relatively high 131I dose (ie, 4 or 5 mCi) administration, are effective and associated with prolonged survival times for hyperthyroid cats. The latter method is less complicated but could expose patients and veterinary personnel to unnecessary levels of radiation. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of a fixed 3.35 mCi 131I dose for the treatment of 96 hyperthyroid cats with no length estimation for any palpated goitre ⩾20 mm, assess outcome and identify factors associated with survival. Methods Serum total thyroxine concentrations at diagnosis and at follow-up times, survival times and cause of death were recorded. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with time to any cause of death from 131I therapy initiation. Results Administration of a median (interquartile range) dose of 3.35 mCi (3.27–3.44 mCi) radioiodine was an effective treatment in 94/96 cats, but two cats remained hyperthyroid. No death related to hyperthyroidism was recorded. Median survival time was 3.0 years; the 1 and 2 year survival rates after 131I therapy were 90% and 78%, respectively. Low body weight (⩽3.1 kg; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 5.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.22–16.67; P <0.01) and male gender (aHR 2.63; 95% CI 1.01–7.14; P = 0.04) were independently associated with death, whereas age, prior treatment with antithyroid drugs, reason for treatment and pretreatment azotaemia were not. Conclusions and relevance This study suggests that a fixed 3.35 mCi 131I dose treatment is effective for hyperthyroid cats with goitre(s) with a maximal length estimation <20 mm, that long-term survival can be achieved and that low body weight and male gender are significantly associated with shorter survival times.

scholarly journals Factors associated with professional identity formation within psychiatry residency training: A longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Hui Chew ◽  
Yvonne Steinert ◽  
Kang Sim
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Psychiatry Residency ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction Conceptual frameworks for professional identity (PI) formation highlight the importance of developmental stages and socialization as the learner progresses from legitimate peripheral to full participation. Based on extant literature and clinical impressions, the authors aimed to explore factors associated with PI formation in psychiatry residents over time, and hypothesized that time in training, seniority status, and duration of exposure to psychiatry prior to residency would be associated with PI formation. Methods Eighty out of 96 psychiatry residents (response rate, 83.3%) from the National Psychiatry Residency Program in Singapore participated and rated their PI development using the Professional Self Identity Questionnaire (PSIQ) across four timepoints from January 2016–December 2019. The residents were classified as junior (first 3 years) or senior residents (years 4–5). Linear mixed model analyses were conducted, with time in training, seniority status (junior versus senior residents), duration of psychiatry postings prior to residency, and their interaction as associated factors with PI over time. Results Time in training, seniority, and duration of psychiatry postings before residency (all p < 0.01) were significantly associated with higher PSIQ scores at baseline. Over time, although all residents had increases in PSIQ scores, this rate of change did not differ significantly between junior and senior residents. Discussion Exposure to psychiatry postings before residency, time in learning, and seniority are factors which influence PI development in residents. This has implications for psychiatry residency selection and training, adequate clinical exposure during training rotations, and continual support for new and senior residents to foster PI formation over time.

Two Treatments of Eye Bank Donor Corneas

Cornea ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 256???262
Author(s):  
Emile J. Farge ◽  
Robert A. Fort
Keyword(s):  
Eye Bank ◽  
Donor Corneas

scholarly journals Donor, Recipient, and Operative Factors Associated With Increased Endothelial Cell Loss in the Cornea Preservation Time Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Lass ◽  
Beth Ann Benetz ◽  
Sanjay V. Patel ◽  
Loretta B. Szczotka-Flynn ◽  
Robert O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Time Study ◽  
Endothelial Cell Loss ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Language Delay Is Not Predictable from Available Risk Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wilson ◽  
Fiona McQuaige ◽  
Lucy Thompson ◽  
Alex McConnachie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Language Delay ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Visitors

Aims. To investigate factors associated with language delay in a cohort of 30-month-old children and determine if identification of language delay requires active contact with families.Methods. Data were collected at a pilot universal 30-month health contact. Health visitors used a simple two-item language screen. Data were obtained for 315 children; language delay was found in 33. The predictive capacity of 13 variables which could realistically be known before the 30-month contact was analysed.Results. Seven variables were significantly associated with language delay in univariate analysis, but in logistic regression only five of these variables remained significant.Conclusion. The presence of one or more risk factors had a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 45%, but a positive predictive value of only 15%. The presence of one or more of these risk factors thus can not reliably be used to identify language delayed children, nor is it possible to define an “at risk” population because male gender was the only significant demographic factor and it had an unacceptably low specificity (52.5%). It is not possible to predict which children will have language delay at 30 months. Identification of this important ESSENCE disorder requires direct clinical contact with all families.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors for HIV, HCV, HBV and syphilis among blood donors in Mali

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Jary ◽  
Sidi Dienta ◽  
Valentin Leducq ◽  
Quentin Le Hingrat ◽  
Mahamadou Cisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hcv Prevalence

Abstract Background HIV, HBV and HCV remain a global public health concern especially in Africa. Prevalence of these infections is changing and identification of risk factors associated with each infection in Mali is needed to improve medical care. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of all individuals donating blood (n = 8207) in 2018 to the blood bank at university hospital in Bamako, Mali, to assess prevalence and risks factors associated with HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections. Results HIV-seroprevalence was 2.16% and significantly increased with age, being married and decreasing education level. In multivariate analysis, after adjustements with age, marital status and geographical setting, only education level was associated with HIV-infection (OR, 1.54 [95% CI, 1.15–2.07], p = 0.016). HBsAg prevalence was 14.78% and significantly increased with to be male gender. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, marital status and type of blood donation, education level (OR, 1.17 [95%CI, 1.05–1.31], p = 0.02) and male gender (OR, 1.37 [95%CI, 1.14–1.65], p = 0.005) were associated with HBV-infection. HCV-prevalence was 2.32% and significantly increased with living outside Bamako. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for gender, age and education level, living outside Bamako was associated with HCV-infection (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.41–2.35], p < 0.001). Syphilis seroprevalence was very low (0.04%) with only 3 individuals infected. Contrary to a prior study, blood donation type was not, after adjustments, an independent risk factor for each infection. Conclusions Overall, HIV and HBV infection was higher in individuals with a lower level of education, HBV infection was higher in men, and HCV infection was higher in people living outside of Bamako. Compared to studies performed in 1999, 2002 and 2007 in the same population, we found that HIV and HCV prevalence have decreased in the last two decades whereas HBV prevalence has remained stable. Our finding will help guide infection prevention and treatment programs in Mali.

Darkfield Biomicrography of Eye Bank Donor Corneas

Cornea ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Merin ◽  
Michael F. Brown ◽  
Lindell L. Howdeshell
Keyword(s):  
Eye Bank ◽  
Donor Corneas

scholarly journals Predictors of Hyperuricemia after Kidney Transplantation: Association with Graft Function

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Inese Folkmane ◽  
Lilian Tzivian ◽  
Elizabete Folkmane ◽  
Elina Valdmane ◽  
Viktorija Kuzema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Effect Modifier ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Factors Associated

Background and objectives: In kidney transplant recipients (KTR), hyperuricemia (HU) is a commonly-observed phenomenon, due to calcineurin inhibitors and reduced kidney graft function. Factors predicting HU, and its association with graft function, remains equivocal. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study to assess factors associated with HU in KTR, and to determine risk factors associated with graft function, measured as glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Moreover, GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was considered normal. HU was defined as a serum uric acid level of > 416 μmol/L (4.70 mg/dL) in men and >357 μmol/L (4.04 mg/dL) in women, or xanthine-oxidase inhibitor use. We built multiple logistic regression models to assess predictors of HU in KTR, as well as the association of demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters of patients with normal GFR after a three-year follow-up. We investigated the effect modification of this association with HU. Results: There were 144 patients (mean age 46.6 ± 13.9), with 42.4% of them having HU. Predictors of HU in KTR were the presence of cystic diseases (OR = 9.68 (3.13; 29.9)), the use of diuretics (OR = 4.23 (1.51; 11.9)), and the male gender (OR = 2.45 (1.07; 5.56)). Being a younger age, of female gender, with a normal BMI, and the absence of diuretic medications increased the possibility of normal GFR. HU was the effect modifier of the association between demographic, clinical, and biochemical factors and a normal GFR. Conclusions: Factors associated with HU in KTR: Presence of cystic diseases, diuretic use, and male gender. HU was the effect modifier of the association of demographic, clinical, and biochemical factors to GFR.

scholarly journals Psychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Sedentary Behaviors in Spanish Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aznar ◽  
M. T. Lara ◽  
A. Queralt ◽  
J. Molina-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Watching Tv

Purpose. To evaluate children’s psychosocial and environmental factors associated with sedentary behavior (SB).Method. The study involved a total of 420 children (mean 9.2 years; 52.9% girls) from the community of Madrid, Spain. SB and physical activity (PA) were objectively measured using accelerometers. TV viewing and potential correlates were assessed by questionnaire. Mixed-model regression analysis, adjusted for clustering within school locations, evaluated the relation of each independent variable with SBs.Results. Girls showed higher levels of SB than boys, whereas boys reported more TV viewing (p<.001in all cases). Regression analysis showed that MVPA levels were negatively related to objective SB measurement in both boys and girls (p<.001). Parent and friend support to PA were negatively associated with SB on weekdays in boys and girls, respectively (p<.05). In the boys’ group, parental professional level was a positive predictor of SB on weekend days (p=.011). Boys with more positive neighborhood perceptions spent less time watching TV (p<.001), whereas mother’s leisure-time PA level was a negative correlate of TV viewing in girls’ group (p<.01).Conclusion. Different psychosocial and environmental correlates of SB were identified. Present findings are promising targets for interventions to improve children’s health.

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