An Assessment of the Level of COVID-19 Anxiety among Pregnant Women in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused general anxiety worldwide. Pregnant women are at a much higher risk of developing the infection due to multiple changes that occur in the body during this period. The consequences of the disease can be dramatic not only for the expectant mothers, but also for their unborn children. SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally known to cause serious concerns about future health and life. The data on the severity of COVID-19 pandemic-related anxiety in pregnant women are insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess the level of COVID-19-related anxiety among pregnant women in Poland. Materials and Methods: The study included 173 pregnant women who volunteered for the research. The research was conducted by means of an online diagnostic survey containing an original questionnaire and the following standardized tools: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Results: Women hospitalised during pregnancy differed statistically significantly in terms of STAI-X1 scores. Primiparas obtained statistically significantly higher SHAI scores than multiparas. Women with higher education had higher SHAI scores. In the GAD-7 scale, 13.3% of respondents obtained a score suggesting a suspected generalised anxiety disorder. Conclusions: Pregnant women are concerned about both developing COVID-19 and the consequences of infection for themselves and their unborn children. The study demonstrated anxiety of varying severity (depending on the tool used). Hospital stay during pregnancy is an additional stressor in expectant women. Further studies are needed to assess the level of COVID-19-related anxiety to assess this phenomenon in Poland in more detail.

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Screening for Anxiety Disorders Among Schoolchildren with Asthma

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research ◽

10.2478/sjecr-2018-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

Jasmina R. Milovanovic ◽

Katerina Dajic ◽

Anđelka Stojkovic ◽

Aleksandra Tomic Lucic ◽

Slobodan M. Jankovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Weight Status ◽

Separation Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

And Gender

AbstractThe aim of this study was to perform screening for anxiety disorders among children with asthma and to reveal factors associated with general anxiety disorder and its specific forms.This was a cross-sectional study conducted among out-patients with asthma during routine visits to pediatricians. They were screened for anxiety disorders using SCARED self-reported questionnaire. Additional data were collected using specially designed questionnaire as well as the patient files. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPPS software using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.Study population consisted mostly of schoolchildren (n=58), 8-12 years old, and adolescents (13-17 years) (n=13). Approximately 33.8% respondents were positive for general anxiety disorder. The most common were separation anxiety and social anxiety, recorded among 49.3% and 32.4% of patients, respectively. Generalized anxiety and panic/somatic disorder were recorded in the same percentage of patients (21.3%), while avoiding school was the least frequent (14.08%). Influence of numerous factors was tested, but only the following showed significant effects: peak expiratory flow test was associated with general anxiety disorder, patient’s age and gender with PD, and living place, asthma control according to GINA and age on GAD. Parent’s smoking was associated with SAD, age and patient’s weight status with SPH, and GINA asthma control with SA.These findings suggest that anxiety disorders are common among children and adolescents with asthma. Various factors can be associated with general anxiety disorder and its specific forms, but some of them being preventable as avoiding smoking in the family.

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Health anxiety and related factors among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from Iran

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03092-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Najmieh Saadati ◽

Poorandokht Afshari ◽

Hatam Boostani ◽

Maryam Beheshtinasab ◽

Parvin Abedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Health Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Third

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many countries around the world and Iran was no exception. The aim of this study was to evaluate health anxiety of Iranian pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 300 pregnant women in different trimesters (n = 100 in each trimester) were recruited. A demographic questionnaire and the Health Anxiety Questionnaire were used to collect data. Scores of < 27, 27–34 and more than 35 were defined as low, moderate and high health anxiety, respectively. Due to nationwide restrictions, data were collected through social media groups. Chi-square tests, ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results Mean (SD) total anxiety scores were 22.3 ± 9.5, 24.6 ± 9.3 and 25.4 ± 10.6 in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. 9, 13 and 21% of women had severe anxiety in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. Women in the third trimester had significantly higher health anxiety scores than those in the first trimester (p = 0.045). Conclusion At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were more worried about consequences of disease, but total health anxiety scores were significantly higher among women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Health care providers should pay more attention to the mental health of pregnant women in times of crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

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A study on nomophobia and its correlation with sleeping difficulty and anxiety among medical students in a medical college, Telangana

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191821 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 2074 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nagapraveen Veerapu ◽

Ravi Kumar Baer Philip ◽

Hanisha Vasireddy ◽

Sowmya Gurrala ◽

Swathi Tapaswi Kanna

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological Problems ◽

Human Interaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Athens Insomnia Scale

Background: Social media and digital communication have become a part of life. Many things were made easy through online connectivity. The mobile phones not only connects people at anytime, anywhere and with anybody, but also movable and portable. Mobile phones when used extensively may cause a number of physical and psychological problems. Nomophobia (NO-MObile phone-PHOBIA) is one of the psychological problems related to exclusive use of mobile phone. It is the fear/anxiety of being away from mobile phone contact. The objectives are to study grading of nomophobia and to find out any correlation exits between nomophobia and sleeping difficulty and anxiety among medical students.Methods: A cross sectional study is conducted for duration of 6 months among medical students using semi-structured questionnaire. Nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q) is used to assess nomophobia, Athens insomnia scale is used to assess sleeping difficulty and general anxiety disorder- 7 Item scale is used to assess general anxiety.Results: The study showed that out of 364 students, 62 (17%) have mild, 234 (64.3%) have moderate and 68 (18.7%) have severe nomophobia. There is a weak positive correlation between nomophobia and sleeping difficult and anxiety.Conclusions: There problem of nomophobia is alarming; there is a need to reduce nomophobia, and to evolve effective strategies to enhance human interaction.

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Prevalence of Anxiety and Associated Factors among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia: a Cross-Sectional Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/2436538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sana Samreen ◽

Nasir A. Siddiqui ◽

Ramzi A. Mothana

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pharmacy Students ◽

Behavioral Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The University

Background and Objective. Anxiety is an emotional and behavioral disorder that may disturb the student’s quality of learning and its outcome. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors among pharmacy students at a university in Saudi Arabia. Methods. We used a cross-sectional design, and data collection was carried out over a period of two months from September 2018 to November 2018 using paper-based self-administered questionnaires. The General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale was used to measure and classify anxiety among the study participants. Results. The prevalence of anxiety among pharmacy students was 49% (83 students); 44 students (25.9%) had mild anxiety, while 24 (14.1%) students had moderate anxiety, and 15 (8.8%) severe anxiety. There were statistically significant differences in anxiety scores according to faculty type ( p = 0.2 ) and nutritional status ( p = 0.4 ). Conclusion. The findings of this study revealed that half of the pharmacy students suffered from anxiety incidence during their studies at the university. However, the majority of them are experiencing mild to moderate. This may have a significant impact on academic performance and necessitates special attention.

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dePression, ANxiety, and acaDEMImiC performance in COVID- 19: The PANDEMIC study: A cross-sectional survey study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-353928/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho ◽

Olaya Moramay Romero-Limón ◽

Juan Carlos Ibarrola-Peña ◽

Yolanda Lorelei Almanza-Mena ◽

Kevin Josue Pintor-Belmontes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Self Concept ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Patient Health ◽

Screening Scale

Abstract BackgroundAfter almost nine months of social isolation, the high incidence of depression and anxiety is understandable. However, depression and anxiety can adversely affect the quality of life. One of the biggest challenges in this global pandemic is providing education within public and private academic institutes.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional survey distributed online from April to June 2020. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression screening scale and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 screening scale to identify the presence of mental health disorders such as depression or anxiety in undergraduate and graduate students. We used the Academic Self-Concept Scale to determine whether these disorders altered students' perception of their academic performance.ResultsA total of 610 students answered the survey: 386 female (63.3%) and 224 male (36.7%). Most students (71.5%) had not participated in online courses before. When asked about their class preferences, 581 students (95.2%) preferred to be taught in classes. The average Academic Self-Concept Scale score was 2.76 ± 0.35. The Academic Self-Concept Scale scores were divided into Confidence and Effort categories, and their respective mean scores were 2.71 ± 0.37 and 2.82 ± 0.45. The total mean Patient Health Questionnarie-9 scores were 11.94 ± 6.90, and the mean General Anxiety Disorder-7 score was 10.30 ± 5.66. There were significant effects of the severity of depression and anxiety on the Academic Self-Concept Scale scores (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively).ConclusionsThe findings suggest that changing from classroom-based teaching to online delivery is not a challenge for students in the normal situation. However, being quarantined can be stressful and frustrating, which may challenge effective learning.Trial registrationThe study protocol was submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov and registered with the identifier: NCT04420416.

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Health anxiety and related factors among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study from Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26840/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Najmieh Saadati ◽

Poorandokht Afshari ◽

Hatam Boostani ◽

Maryam Beheshtinasab ◽

Parvin Abedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Health Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Third

Abstract Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 affected many countries around the world and Iran was no exception. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health anxiety of the Iranian pregnant women during the pandemic of the COVID-19. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 pregnant women in different trimesters (n=100 in each trimester) were recruited. A demographic questionnaire and the Health Anxiety questionnaire were used to collect the data. The total score < 27 of means low health anxiety, scores between 27-34 mean moderate health anxiety, and scores more than 35 means high health anxiety. Due to nationwide restrictions, data were collected through social media groups. The chi-square, ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The total score of anxiety was 22.3±9.5, 24.6±9.3 and 25.4±10.6 in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, respectively. Particularly, 9%, 13% and 21% of the women had severe anxiety or scores≥35 in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy respectively. Pregnant women in the third trimester had significantly higher health anxiety score and higher scores of “total health anxiety” than did those in the first trimester (p=0.045). Conclusion: At the time of the pandemic of COVID-19, women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy were more worried about consequences of disease, but the total score of health anxiety was significantly higher among women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Health care providers should pay more attention to the mental health of pregnant women in times of crises such as Corona pandemic.

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Mental Disorder in Obesity

10.53350/pjmhs211572029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 2029-2032

Author(s):

Mahesa Permana Kardis ◽

Alifiati Fitrikasari

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

The Relationship

Background: Obesity is a condition of incompatibility between body weight and height that shows a value above the normal range of body mass index. Obesity has an impact on the individual's psychological developmental processes. Limitations of Research on the relationship between obesity and mental disorders lead researchers to be interested in knowing whether there are incidents and types of mental disorders in obese individuals. Objective: To investigate mental disorders in individual with obesity. Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional study. A total of 45 respondents who met the inclusion criteria according to WHO Asia Pacific obesity criteria (BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2) were screened using MINI ICD 10. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney Test and Fisher’s Exact Test to determine the relationship of mental disorders incident with the demographic characteristics of respondents. Gamma and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine the relationship between mental disorders types with the demographic characteristics of respondents. Results: There were eight of 45 respondents experiencing mental disorders. The study found that three respondents were diagnosed with general anxiety disorder, three with depression, one with distimia, and one with mania at past. There was no significant relationship between mental disorders incidents and demographic characteristics. The relationship between types of mental disorders with a history of mental disorders in the nuclear family showed significant results. Conclusion: There were mental disorders in obese individuals. Most mental disorders diagnosis were depression and general anxiety disorder. Keywords: Obesity, Mental disorder

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Assessment of Community Psycho-behavioral Responses during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25146/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Doaa Mohamed Magdy ◽

Ahmed Metwally ◽

Omar Magdy

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Precautionary Measures ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) is a public health emergency of international concern resulting in adverse psychological impacts during the epidemic.The aim of this study: To examine the public’s knowledge and psychological impact during the outbreak of (2019-nCoV) and the extent to which various precautionary measures have been adopted.Materials & Methods: From 1 to 10 April 2020, we conducted an online survey. The online survey collected information on demographic data, precautionary measures against (2019-nCoV), self-health evaluation, knowledge and concerns about (2019-nCoV) and appraisal of crisis management. Psychological impact was assessed by General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. The designed questionnaire was answered by participants, and the collected data were statistically analyzed.Results: This study included 1200 respondents. In total, 80% of respondents rated the psychological impact; 18% reported minimal anxiety; 34% reported mild anxiety and (48%) with moderate anxiety symptoms. A large proportion (74%) believed that they were very or somewhat likely to contract (2019-nCoV) while only 35% believed they were unlikely to survive if they contracted the disease. (58%) of the respondents, practiced the precautionary measures directed against person to person droplet spread.Respondents with moderate level of anxiety were most likely to take comprehensive precautionary measures against the infection. In addition, older, female, more educated people as well as those who are more likely to contract infection.Conclusions: During the outbreak, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate anxiety. Thus, the psychological needs during the outbreak should be addressed appropriately. Our results highlight the need to promote protective personal health practices to interrupt the transmission of the (2019-nCoV) in the community must take into account. Therefore, educational public programs about preventive measures should be targeted at the identified groups with low current uptake of precautions.

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Jordanian ostomates' health problems and self-care ability to manage their intestinal ostomy: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Research in Nursing ◽

10.1177/1744987120941568 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 679-696

Author(s):

Rami A Elshatarat ◽

Inas A Ebeid ◽

Khadega A Elhenawy ◽

Zyad T Saleh ◽

Ahmad H Abu Raddaha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Self Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Problems ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Questionnaire Score ◽

Patient Health ◽

And Training

Background Ostomates have several physical, psychological and social health problems. These problems negatively impact the ostomates' quality of life. Aims This study aims to identify Jordanian ostomates' health problems and their self-care ability to manage their ostomies. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 168 Jordanian patients with intestinal ostomies. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results On average, the participants’ physiological ostomy-related problem scores were 8.76 ± 2.37 (out of 13 problems) and the total score of self-care ability to manage their ostomies was 16.56 ± 2.62 (out of 24). About 22% of the participants had ‘moderately severe’ to ‘severe’ depression (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire score ≥15) and 33.9% had ‘moderate’ to ‘severe’ anxiety (seven-item General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire score ≥10). About half of the participants had exposure to teaching and/or training about ostomy care. About 85% of participants were willing to attend health education and training programmes about ostomy care. There was a significant correlation between high ostomates’ self-care ability to manage their ostomies and a low number of physiological health problems ( r = −0.67, p = 0.04), a low depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9) score ( r = −0.54, p = 0.039) and a low anxiety (seven-item General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire) score ( r = −0.71, p < 0.027). Conclusions Health teaching and training about intestinal ostomy management, psychosocial support, follow-up assessment and treatment for ostomy-related problems are recommended for all ostomates.

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Association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, exposure risk and mental health among a cohort of essential retail workers in the USA

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2020-106774 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. oemed-2020-106774

Author(s):

Fan-Yun Lan ◽

Christian Suharlim ◽

Stefanos N Kales ◽

Justin Yang

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Health State ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Distancing ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

The Usa ◽

Retail Workers

ObjectivesTo investigate SARS-CoV-2 (the virus causing COVID-19) infection and exposure risks among grocery retail workers, and to investigate their mental health state during the pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020 in a single grocery retail store in Massachusetts, USA. We assessed workers’ personal/occupational history and perception of COVID-19 by questionnaire. The health outcomes were measured by nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) results, General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).ResultsAmong 104 workers tested, 21 (20%) had positive viral assays. Seventy-six per cent positive cases were asymptomatic. Employees with direct customer exposure had an odds of 5.1 (95% CI 1.1 to 24.8) being tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after adjustments. As to mental health, the prevalence of anxiety and depression (ie, GAD-7 score >4 or PHQ-9 score >4) was 24% and 8%, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, those able to practice social distancing consistently at work had odds of 0.3 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.9) and 0.2 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.99) screening positive for anxiety and depression, respectively. Workers commuting by foot, bike or private cars were less likely to screen positive for depression (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.7).ConclusionsIn this single store sample, we found a considerable asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among grocery workers. Employees with direct customer exposure were five times more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2. Those able to practice social distancing consistently at work had significantly lower risk of anxiety or depression.

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