scholarly journals Exercise-Based Interventions in Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Špela Bogataj ◽  
Maja Pajek ◽  
Jernej Pajek ◽  
Jadranka Buturović Ponikvar ◽  
Armin H. Paravlic
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Training Frequency

There is a lack of agreement on the efficacy of different exercise interventions in hemodialysis patients. We analyzed which exercise type is the most beneficial in terms of functional fitness and inflammation. A literature search of seven databases yielded 33 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Compared with an inactive control, the intervention group showed moderate effects (ES = 0.74; 95% CI 0.35 to 1.14; p < 0.001; and ES = 0.70; 95% CI 0.39 to 1.01; p < 0.001; respectively) on functional capacity (six-minute walk test) and oxygen consumption. Small nonsignificant effects were observed for aerobic (ES = −0.36; 95% CI −0.85 to 0.13; p = 0.154) and resistance (ES = −0.44; 95% CI −1.07 to 0.19; p = 0.169) training types, whereas moderate effects were found for combined (ES = −0.69; 95% CI −1.47 to 0.10; p = 0.088) training type based on a 10-repetition sit-to-stand test. Further, large and small effects were observed for aerobic (ES = −1.21; 95% CI −1.94 to −0.49; p = 0.001) and resistance training (ES = −0.54; 95% CI −0.90 to −0.17; p = 0.004) types on C-reactive protein. Overall, the results showed the numerically largest effect sizes for combined types compared to solely aerobic or resistance training types, with the differences between training types not reaching statistical significance. There was a significant modifying impact of age, training frequency, and session duration on performance and inflammatory outcomes.

scholarly journals Effects of Supervised Multimodal Exercise Interventions on Cancer-Related Fatigue: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Francisco Meneses-Echávez ◽  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue

Objective. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common and devastating problem in cancer patients even after successful treatment. This study aimed to determine the effects of supervised multimodal exercise interventions on cancer-related fatigue through a systematic review and meta-analysis.Design. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of multimodal exercise interventions on CRF. Databases of PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and OVID were searched between January and March 2014 to retrieve randomized controlled trials. Risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale.Results. Nine studiesn=772were included in both systematic review and meta-analysis. Multimodal interventions including aerobic exercise, resistance training, and stretching improved CRF symptoms (SMD=-0.23; 95% CI: −0.37 to −0.09;P=0.001). These effects were also significant in patients undergoing chemotherapyP<0.0001. Nonsignificant differences were found for resistance training interventionsP=0.30. Slight evidence of publication bias was observedP=0.04. The studies had a low risk of bias (PEDro scale mean score of 6.4 (standard deviation (SD) ± 1.0)).Conclusion. Supervised multimodal exercise interventions including aerobic, resistance, and stretching exercises are effective in controlling CRF. These findings suggest that these exercise protocols should be included as a crucial part of the rehabilitation programs for cancer survivors and patients during anticancer treatments.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Vestibular Training for Balance and Dizziness Rehabilitation in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina García-Muñoz ◽  
María-Dolores Cortés-Vega ◽  
Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo ◽  
Rocío Martín-Valero ◽  
María-Isabel García-Bernal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Balance Development ◽  
Evidence Database ◽  
Experimental Group

Postural instability and dizziness are commonly observed in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence for the use of vestibular rehabilitation, in comparison with other exercise interventions or no intervention, to treat balance impairments and dizziness in PwMS. An electronic search was conducted by two independent reviewers in the following databases: MEDLINE (Pubmed), Scopus, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Web of Science (WOS), Lilacs, CINHAL and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR). A quality assessment was performed using the PEDro scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. When possible, the data were pooled in a meta-analysis (95%CI). This systematic review followed the PRISMA guideline statement and was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42019134230). Seven studies were included, with a total of 321 participants analysed. Compared with no intervention, vestibular rehabilitation was more effective for balance development (SMD = 2.12; 95% CI = 0.49, 3.75; p = 0.01; I2 = 89%) and dizziness symptoms improvement (SMD = −17.43; 95% CI = −29.99, −4.87; p= 0.007; I2= 66%). Compared with other exercise interventions, improvements in favour of the experimental group were observed, but statistical significance for the differences between groups was not reached.

Ultrasound-guided access to the axillary vein for implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110546
Author(s):  
Sonia D’Arrigo ◽  
Francesco Perna ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Annetta ◽  
Mauro Pittiruti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Axillary Vein ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
The Us

The aims of our systematic review were to quantify the expected rate of procedural success, early and late complications during CIED implantation using US-guided puncture of the axillary vein and to perform a meta-analysis of those studies that compared the US technique (intervention) versus conventional techniques (control) in terms of complication rates. MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for eligible studies. Pooled Odds Ratio (OR) and Pooled Mean Difference (PMD) for each predictor were calculated. The quality of evidence (QOE) was evaluated according to the GRADE guidelines. Thirteen studies were included a total of 2073 patients. The overall success of US-guided venipuncture for CIED implantation was 96.8%. As regards early complications, pneumothorax occurred in 0.19%, arterial puncture in 0.63%, and severe hematoma/bleeding requiring intervention in 1.1%. No cases of hemothorax, brachial plexus, or phrenic nerve injury were reported. As regards late complications, the incidence of pocket infection, venous thromboembolism, and leads dislodgement was respectively 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2%. In the meta-analysis (five studies), the intervention group (US-guided venipuncture) had a trend versus a lower likelihood of having a pneumothorax (0.19% vs 0.75%, p = 0.21), pocket hematoma (0.8% vs 1.7%, p = 0.32), infection (0.28% vs 1.05%, p = 0.29) than the control group, but this did not reach statistical significance. The overall QOE was low or very low. In conclusions we found that the US-guided axillary venipuncture for CIEDs implantation was associated with a low incidence of early and late complications and a steep learning curve.

Effects of Resistance- and Flexibility-Exercise Interventions on Balance and Related Measures in Older Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Bird ◽  
Keith Hill ◽  
Madeleine Ball ◽  
Andrew D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Flexibility Training

This research explored the balance benefits to untrained older adults of participating in community-based resistance and flexibility programs. In a blinded randomized crossover trial, 32 older adults (M = 66.9 yr) participated in a resistance-exercise program and a flexibility-exercise program for 16 weeks each. Sway velocity and mediolateral sway range were recorded. Timed up-and-go, 10 times sit-to-stand, and step test were also assessed, and lower limb strength was measured. Significant improvements in sway velocity, as well as timed up-and-go, 10 times sit-to-stand, and step test, were seen with both interventions, with no significant differences between the 2 groups. Resistance training resulted in significant increases in strength that were not evident in the flexibility intervention. Balance performance was significantly improved after both resistance training and standing flexibility training; however, further investigation is required to determine the mechanisms responsible for the improvement.

Should aerobic and resistance training interventions for Multiple sclerosis be performed on the same day: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Zhang ◽  
◽  
Xiaoming Xi ◽  
Xihua Liu ◽  
Xinjie Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Training Interventions

Review question / Objective: P (Population) : patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis; I (Intervention) : aerobic training and resistance training; C (Comparison) : the efficacy and safety were compared on the same day and different days; O (Outcome) : Evaluates dysfunction, quality of life, fatigue, aerobic capacity or muscle function, mood, cognition, and safety. S (Study Design) : Systematic review and Network meta-analysis. Eligibility criteria: Measures in the intervention group: aerobic training (taijiquan, Baduanjin, qigong, yoga, swimming, cycling, jogging, brisk walking, etc.) and resistance training were used simultaneously, including studies conducted on the same day and on different days. There are no restrictions on training time, frequency and intensity.Control group measures: no intervention or conventional treatment.

scholarly journals Nutrition and Exercise Strategies to Prevent Excessive Pregnancy Weight Gain: A Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. e92-e120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Craemer ◽  
Emmanuel Sampene ◽  
Nasia Safdar ◽  
Kathleen Antony ◽  
Cynthia Wautlet
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Pregnancy Weight ◽  
Iom Recommendations

Objective To evaluate nutrition-only, exercise-only, and nutrition-plus-exercise interventions for optimizing gestational weight gain (GWG) based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. Study PubMed, Google Scholar, and 2015 Cochrane Review were searched. Analysis of variance was used to determine if significant GWG differences exist between strategies, with additional subanalyses on overweight (OV) or obese women based on 2009 IOM guidelines. Results Of 66 identified studies, 31 contributed data (n = 8,558). Compared with routine prenatal care, nutrition-only interventions were significantly associated with reduced GWG and are most likely to produce weight gain within IOM recommendations (p = 0.013). Exercise-only (p = 0.069) and nutrition-plus-exercise (p = 0.056) interventions trended toward GWG within IOM guidelines, but did not reach statistical significance. Supervised (p = 0.61) and unsupervised (p = 0.494) exercise programs had similar effectiveness. Subanalyses on OV or obese women produced similar results to studies that did not differentiate results based on body mass index: nutrition only (p = 0.011), exercise only (p = 0.308), and nutrition plus exercise (p = 0.129). Conclusion Preventing excessive GWG is crucial, especially for OV or obese women. In the current study, nutrition-based intervention is the health system strategy that showed significant impact on preventing excessive GWG compared with routine prenatal care. Among women who are OV or have obesity, nutrition-only interventions hold the most promise compared with routine prenatal care.

scholarly journals Effects of Variations in Resistance Training Frequency on Strength Development in Well-Trained Populations and Implications for In-Season Athlete Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Cuthbert ◽  
G. Gregory Haff ◽  
Shawn M. Arent ◽  
Nicholas Ripley ◽  
John J. McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
Training Frequency

Abstract Background In-season competition and tournaments for team sports can be both long and congested, with some sports competing up to three times per week. During these periods of time, athletes need to prepare technically, tactically and physically for the next fixture and the short duration between fixtures means that, in some cases, physical preparation ceases, or training focus moves to recovery as opposed to progressing adaptations. Objective The aim of this review was to investigate the effect of training frequency on muscular strength to determine if a potential method to accommodate in-season resistance training, during busy training schedules, could be achieved by utilizing shorter more frequent training sessions across a training week. Methods A literature search was conducted using the SPORTDiscus, Ovid, PubMed and Scopus databases. 2134 studies were identified prior to application of the following inclusion criteria: (1) maximal strength was assessed, (2) a minimum of two different training frequency groups were included, (3) participants were well trained, and finally (4) compound exercises were included within the training programmes. A Cochrane risk of bias assessment was applied to studies that performed randomized controlled trials and consistency of studies was analysed using I2 as a test of heterogeneity. Secondary analysis of studies included Hedges’ g effect sizes (g) and between-study differences were estimated using a random-effects model. Results Inconsistency of effects between pre- and post-intervention was low within-group (I2 = 0%), and moderate between-group (I2 ≤ 73.95%). Risk of bias was also low based upon the Cochrane risk of bias assessment. Significant increases were observed overall for both upper (p ≤ 0.022) and lower (p ≤ 0.008) body strength, pre- to post-intervention, when all frequencies were assessed. A small effect was observed between training frequencies for upper (g ≤ 0.58) and lower body (g ≤ 0.45). Conclusion Over a 6–12-week period, there are no clear differences in maximal strength development between training frequencies, in well-trained populations. Such observations may permit the potential for training to be manipulated around competition schedules and volume to be distributed across shorter, but more frequent training sessions within a micro-cycle rather than being condensed into 1–2 sessions per week, in effect, allowing for a micro-dosing of the strength stimuli.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Probiotic Supplementation in Reducing the Incidence of Infections and Modulating Inflammation in the Elderly with Feeding Tubes: A Pilot, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study, “IntegPRO”

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Paolo Orlandoni ◽  
Nikolina Jukic Peladic ◽  
Angela Amoruso ◽  
Marco Pane ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Reactive Protein

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed in a sample of geriatric patients treated with home enteral nutrition (HEN) to analyze the efficacy of a probiotic supplement Proxian®, which contains Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP01 (LMG P-21021), Lentilactobacillus buchneri Lb26 (DSM 16341), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS01 (LMG P-21384), and is enriched with zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), in reducing the incidence of infections and modulating inflammation. Thirty-two subjects were enrolled (mean age 79.7 ± 10.3 years), 16 in the intervention group, 16 controls. They received Proxian® or placebo for 60 days. Patients were assessed at baseline (t0) and 60 (t1) and 90 (t2) days after the beginning. Infections were detected by information regarding their clinical manifestations and the incidence of antibiotic therapy. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured to study inflammation. Information on bowel function, nutritional status and testimonials regarding the feasibility of administration of the product were collected. Differences between the two groups in number of infections (25% intervention group vs. 44% controls), antibiotic therapies (12% vs. 37%) and modulation of CRP levels (median CRP moved from 0.95 mg/L (t0), to 0.6 (t1) and 0.7 (t2) in intervention group vs. 0.7 mg/L, 0.5 and 0.7 in controls) did not reach statistical significance. No significant changes in bowel function and nutritional status were found. Caregivers’ adherence was 100%. Results of this “IntegPRO” study showed that Proxian® is potentially safe, easy to administer and promising for further studies but it appears not to change the incidence of infections or modulate inflammation in elderly treated with HEN. The utility of Proxian® in reducing the incidence of infections and modulating inflammation in these subjects needs to be investigated by a larger multi-center clinical trial, and by using additional analyses on inflammatory markers and markers of infections.

scholarly journals Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Inflammatory and Biochemical Markers of Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozina Abasi Larki ◽  
Alireza Panahi ◽  
Leila Manzouri ◽  
Moslem Sedaghattalab
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract- The oxidative stress results in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases in patients receiving hemodialysis. N-acetylcysteine is a well-known antioxidant agent. There are little studies about the effect of N-acetylcysteine on patients receiving hemodialysis, and, if any, their results are inconsistent. This study, as a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, was conducted on 44 hemodialysis patients in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Yasuj, Iran in 2015. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups, in the intervention group, N-acetylcysteine 600 mg every 12 hours for eight weeks was administered and the second group received placebo during this period every 12 hours. Blood samples were taken to measure C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and other biochemical markers such as ferritin, albumin, and creatinine at baseline and at the end of treatment. 40 patients completed the study (21 on N-acetylcysteine, 19 on placebo), with a mean age of 60.72±17.60. There was not any significant difference between intervention and control groups in interleukin-6 (8.85±6.9 vs. 10.32±8.68, 95% CI, -3.52 to 6.46; P=0.55) and C - reactive protein (0.85±0.29 vs. 0.9±0.31, 95% CI, -.14 to .24; P=0.60). In addition, there was no significant relationship between the two groups in other biochemical markers. In this study, administering N-acetylcysteine was safe and caused a reduction in some inflammatory markers, but these changes were not significant in comparison with placebo.

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