scholarly journals Climate Change Impacts on Coastal Wave Dynamics at Vougot Beach, France

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1009
Author(s):  
Pushpa Dissanayake ◽  
Marissa L. Yates ◽  
Serge Suanez ◽  
France Floc’h ◽  
Knut Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Bed Shear Stress ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Wave Dynamics ◽  
Waves And Currents

Wave dynamics contribute significantly to coastal hazards and were thus investigated at Vougot Beach by simulating both historical and projected future waves considering climate change impacts. The historical period included a major storm event. This period was projected to the future using three globally averaged sea level rise (SLR) scenarios for 2100, and combined SLR and wave climate scenarios for A1B, A2, and B1 emissions paths of the IPCC. The B1 wave climate predicts an increase in the occurrence of storm events. The simulated waves in all scenarios showed larger relative changes at the beach than in the nearshore area. The maximum increase of wave energy for the combined SLR and wave scenarios was 95%, while only 50% for the SLR-only scenarios. The effective bed shear stress from waves and currents showed different spatial variability than that of the wave height, emphasizing the importance of interactions between nearshore waves and currents. Increases in the effective bed shear stress (combined scenarios: up to 190%, and SLR-only scenarios: 35%) indicate that the changes in waves and currents will likely have significant impacts on the nearshore sediment transport. This work emphasizes that combined SLR and future wave climate scenarios need to be used to evaluate future changes in local hydrodynamics and their impacts. These results provide preliminary insights into potential future wave dynamics at Vougot Beach under different climate change scenarios. Further studies are necessary to generalize the results by investigating the wave dynamics during storm events with different hydrodynamical conditions and to evaluate potential changes in sediment transport and morphological evolution due to climate change.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM PREDICTION OF LONGSHORE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Amin Reza Zarifsanayei ◽  
Amir Etemad-Shahidi ◽  
Nick Cartwright ◽  
Darrell Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Longshore Sediment Transport ◽  
Coastal Sediment Transport ◽  
Wave Energy Flux

Due to climate change impacts on atmospheric circulation, global and regional wave climate in many coastal regions around the world might change. Any changes in wave parameters could result in significant changes in wave energy flux, the patterns of coastal sediment transport, and coastal evolution. Although some studies have tried to address the potential impacts of climate change on longshore sediment transport (LST) patterns, they did not sufficiently consider the uncertainties arising from different sources in the projections. In this study, the uncertainty associated with the choice of model used for the estimation of LST is examined. The models were applied to a short stretch of coastline located in Northern Gold Coast, Australia, where a huge volume of sediment is transported along the coast annually. The ensemble of results shows that the future mean annual and monthly LST rate might decrease by about 11 percent, compared to the baseline period. The results also show that uncertainty associated with LST estimation is significant. Hence, it is proposed that this uncertainty, in addition to that from other sources, should be considered to quantify the contribution of each source in total uncertainty. In this way, a probabilistic-based framework can be developed to provide more meaningful output applicable to long-term coastal planningRecorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/3CGU9RcGYjE

scholarly journals Increasing turbidity in the North Sea during the 20<sup>th</sup> century due to changing wave climate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Wilson ◽  
Michael R. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Bed Shear Stress ◽  
The North ◽  
White Disk ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract. Data on Secchi disk-depth (the depth at which a standard white disk lowered into the water just becomes invisible to a surface observer) show that water clarity in the North Sea declined during the 20th century, with likely consequences for marine primary production. However, the causes of this trend remain unknown. Here we analyze the hypothesis that changes in the North Sea's wave climate were largely responsible, by increasing the concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water column through re-suspension of seabed sediments. First, we analyzed the broad-scale statistical relationships between SPM and bed shear stress due to waves and tides. We used hindcasts of wave and current data to construct a space-time dataset of bed shear stress between 1997 and 2017 across the northwest European Continental Shelf, and compared the results with satellite-derived SPM concentrations. Bed shear stress was found to drive most of the inter-annual variation in SPM in the hydrographically mixed waters of the central and southern North Sea. We then used a long-term wave reanalysis to construct a time series of bed shear stress from 1900 to 2010. This shows that bed shear stress increased significantly across the shelf over this period, explaining more than half of the observed decline in water clarity over this period. Wave-driven processes are rarely included in projections of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems, but our analysis indicates that this should be reconsidered for shelf sea regions.

Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Shiyang River Basin and the Adaptive Measures for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2167-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Li ◽  
Xiao Yan Li ◽  
Juan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Climate is an important factor which formed and affected surface water resources. Through sensitivity analysis of natural runoff towards climate change, assuming the main factors effect runoff are precipitation and temperature, then according to the possible tendency of climate changes in the future, set climate scenarios, and use the hydrological model simulate the changes trend of runoff under different climate scenarios, thereby analyze the climate change impacts on surface water resources. The results show that annual runoff will be increased with the increasing annual precipitation, and it will be reduced with rise of annual temperature, the sensitivity that annual runoff towards the change of precipitation and temperature are equally notable, both of them are two major factors impact on the change of runoff and the precipitation change impacts on annual runoff will be even more obvious in flood season. Last, with the global warming trend, put forward the corresponding adaptive measures of energy conservation and emissions reduction。

scholarly journals Climate Change Adaptation Measures for Buildings—A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Eknes Stagrum ◽  
Erlend Andenæs ◽  
Tore Kvande ◽  
Jardar Lohne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
General Studies

As the climate changes globally and locally, the built environment will be subject to different climatic exposure than in the past. Adaptation measures are required to ensure the long-term integrity and successful operation of the built environment. This study examines literature on climate adaptation measures for buildings through a scoping literature review. It is centered around the main journals in the field of climate adaptation of the built environment, then expanded to map the extent of scientific publications about climate adaptation in general. Studies that regard future climate scenarios have been of particular interest. The majority of the identified literature concerns climate change impacts on buildings in warm climates, with overheating being seen as the greatest challenge. Additionally, few empirical studies are found; most identified research is based on computer simulations or literature reviews. The volume of research on the consequences of climate change on buildings in cold regions is surprisingly small, considering the pecuniary stakes involved. The predictions of climate scenarios suggest regulatory/policy measures on climate adaptation should be taken as quickly as possible to avoid greater costs in the future. However, further research into future scenarios is also essential.

scholarly journals Bed Shear Stress Influence on Local Scour Geometry Properties in Various Flume Development Conditions

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiraga ◽  
Popek
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Shear Stress ◽  
Water Structure ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bed Shear Stress ◽  
Hole Dimensions ◽  
Bed Material

Numerous approaches in sediment mobility studies highlighted the key meaning of channel roughness, which results not only from bed material granulation but also from various bed forms presence, caused by continuous sediment transport. Those forms are strictly connected with the intensity of particle transport, and they eventuate from bed shear stress. The present paper comprised of local scours geometric dimensions research in three variants of lengthwise development of laboratory flume in various hydraulic properties, both in “clear-water” and “live-bed” conditions of sediment movement. Lots of measurements of the bed conformation were executed using the LiDAR device, marked by a very precise three-dimensional shape description. The influence of the bed shear stress downstream model on scours hole dimensions of water structure was investigated as one of the key factors that impact the sediment transport intensity. A significant database of 39 experimental series, lasting averagely 8 hours, was a foundation for delineating functional correlations between bed shear stress-and-critical shear stress ratio and geometry properties of local scours in various flume development cases. In the scope of mutual influence of bed shear stress and water depth, high correlation coefficients were attained, indicating very good and good functional correlations. Also, the influence of bed shear stress and the total length of the scour demonstrated a high correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals Evaluating Land Suitability and Potential Climate Change Impacts on Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Production in Ethiopia

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Sintayehu Alemayehu ◽  
Essayas K. Ayana ◽  
Yihun T. Dile ◽  
Teferi Demissie ◽  
Yohannes Yimam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Suitable Land

Ethiopia has the largest livestock population in Africa with 35 million tropical livestock units. The livestock system relies on natural open grazing which is affected by frequent droughts. However, little research exists that studies the suitability of the biophysical environment for fodder production and the risks due to climate change. The main objectives of the study are to evaluate the potential effects of climate change on land suitability for alfalfa production in Ethiopia and to assess the extent of irrigation requirements for alfalfa growing under the adverse climate change projections. The impact of climate change on land suitability for alfalfa was evaluated using projected changes in rainfall and temperature based on three global circulation models (CCSM4, HadGEM2-AO, and MIROC5). A multi-criteria evaluation in GIS that uses biophysical, climatic and topography factors was applied to identify the suitable land. The highly suitable area under current climate scenarios covered ~472,000 km2, while moderately suitable and marginally suitable covered ~397,000 km2 and ~16,200 km2, respectively. The projected climate alters the suitable land for fodder production across Ethiopia. Expansion of suitable land occurred in the highlands where climate scenarios predict an increase in temperature and precipitation. Dryland regions showed a rainfall deficit for the three model projections. The research provides guidelines for growing alfalfa in Ethiopia considering ecological and climatic variability.

scholarly journals Increasing turbidity in the North Sea during the 20th century due to changing wave climate

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1615-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Wilson ◽  
Michael R. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Bed Shear Stress ◽  
Secchi Disc ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract. Data on Secchi disc depth (the depth at which a standard white disc lowered into the water just becomes invisible to a surface observer) show that water clarity in the North Sea declined during the 20th century, with likely consequences for marine primary production. However, the causes of this trend remain unknown. Here we analyse the hypothesis that changes in the North Sea's wave climate were largely responsible by causing an increase in the concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water column through the resuspension of seabed sediments. First, we analysed the broad-scale statistical relationships between SPM and bed shear stress due to waves and tides. We used hindcasts of wave and current data to construct a space–time dataset of bed shear stress between 1997 and 2017 across the northwest European Continental Shelf and compared the results with satellite-derived SPM concentrations. Bed shear stress was found to drive most of the inter-annual variation in SPM in the hydrographically mixed waters of the central and southern North Sea. We then used a long-term wave reanalysis to construct a time series of bed shear stress from 1900 to 2010. This shows that bed shear stress increased significantly across much of the shelf during this period, with increases of over 20 % in the southeastern North Sea. An increase in bed shear stress of this magnitude would have resulted in a large reduction in water clarity. Wave-driven processes are rarely included in projections of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems, but our analysis indicates that this should be reconsidered for shelf sea regions.

Formation of point bars through rising and falling flood stages: Evidence from bar morphology, sediment transport and bed shear stress

Sedimentology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1458-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenliang Wu ◽  
Mohammad S. Ullah ◽  
Jin Lu ◽  
Janok P. Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Bed Shear Stress ◽  
Point Bars
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