scholarly journals Valorization Use of Amphipod Meal, Gammarus pulex, as a Fishmeal Substitute on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Histological and Histometric Indices of the Gut, and Economic Revenue of Grey Mullet

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ashour ◽  
Hamdy A. Abo-Taleb ◽  
Abdel-Kader M. Hassan ◽  
Othman F. Abdelzaher ◽  
Mohamed M. Mabrouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Gammarus Pulex ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
World Population ◽  
Grey Mullet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pathological Effect

The future of aquaculture development is directed toward high intensification to overcome the decline in natural fishing and to provide enough protein for the increasing world population. The spread of aquaculture production and intensification requires the search for high-quality, new efficient feed ingredients with low cost and sustainable importance. Therefore, the current study aimed to detect the effects of partial or total replacement of fishmeal with amphipod meal, Gammarus pulex, on growth performance, survival percent, feed utilization, histological alteration of intestine and liver, and economic yield of grey mullet, Mugil cephalus, fry. Five diets were formulated to contain 100% fishmeal (FM), or FM replaced with 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% amphipod meal (APM) (D0, D25, D50, D75, and D100, respectively). A total of 300 grey mullet fry (0.097 ± 0.001 g), were divided into five groups (three replicates each) at an initial stocking density of 20 fry per aquaria (100 L). The aquarium’s water is renewed at a rate of 30% daily. During a 60-day experimental period, the feeding rate was 20% of body weight, which was introduced as five meals per day. Fish fed D50 achieved the highest significant values of final weight (1.80 g), weight gain (1.70 g), survival (86.67%), final length (4.47 cm), and length gain (2.06 cm). In addition, the feed utilization of diets containing increasing substitution levels of FM showed that the highest protein intake (0.82 g ish−1), protein efficiency ratio (0.83), protein productive value (30.65%), and the lowest significant feed conversion ratio (1.21) were recorded with D50. The dose-response study revealed that the best substitution levels could range between 50% and 75%. Histological observations confirmed that the highest number of goblet cells and intestinal villi were recorded in the group fed D50. No pathological effect was observed in the liver at all substitution levels. In terms of economic efficiency, the best economic conversion ratio was recorded in the group fed D50. This study confirmed that 50% partial substitution of FM with APM is the ideal replacement level for grey mullet fry. In addition, the use of a new renewable alternative, such as APM to substitute FM, could relieve the pressure on the capture of wild fish and reduce the environmental impact of inland aquaculture.

scholarly journals Sinking Feed Efficiency in Growth Performance, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Yield of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Different Stocking Densities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Md. Hashibur Rahman ◽  
Md. Nasirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture

The efficiency of feed is considered as one of the most crucial factors that affects the growth performance, feed conversion ratio and yield as well. The study was aimed to compare the growth parameters of tilapia at different stocking densities to detect the efficiency of sinking feed assessing the growth trends at various sampling stages. To evaluate the comparative yield, the study was carried out in twelve concrete tanks under an outdoor laboratory shed. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry was released at the rate of 8 fry per tank as per the recommended stocking density of 320 fishes/decimal and 4 fry per tank equivalent to the stocking density of 160 fishes/decimal in intensive and semi-intensive aquaculture system, respectively. To evaluate the growth trends sinking feed was used for feeding the fish during the experimental period for T1 (Intensive) and T2 (Semi-intensive), respectively. The feed was supplied in each with three replications at the rate of 20%, 15%, and 10% of the body weight of fish, respectively. The daily ration of feed was delivered to fish dividing into two parts daily. Aeration facilities using air stone aerator were installed for 24 hours. To assume the consecutive growth trends, weight of fish was recorded in 3 days interval to have better understanding on the yield performance in relation to the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Water quality parameters i.e., temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) were recorded two times daily. The final weight gains of fish were 133.77±5.65 gm and 50.70±2.40 gm for T1 and T2, respectively. The mean percent weight gain of tilapia was higher in T1 (1127.25±0.00) than T2 (518.51±0.00 gm). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) in T1 and T2 were 1.97±0.11 and 1.70±0.07, respectively. The specific growth rates (SGR) of tilapia in T1 4.90±3.03 and 4.78±3.83 considering the data at the beginning and the end of the production cycle, respectively. Higher total production was obtained in T1 (1070.19 gm) than T2 (610.00 gm) with 100% survival in both the treatments. The present study reveals that, the efficiency of sinking feed was higher in T1 than T2 and farmers might be suggested to practice tank-based intensive aquaculture system to get higher production in a short period of time.

scholarly journals Effect of a New Feed Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820), as a Fish Meal Substitute on Growth, Feed Utilization, Histological Status, and Economic Revenue of Grey Mullet, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7093
Author(s):  
Hamdy A. Abo-Taleb ◽  
Mohamed Ashour ◽  
Mohamed A. Elokaby ◽  
Mohamed M. Mabrouk ◽  
Mohamed M. M. El-feky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Feed Conversion

The formulator of aquatic diets is part of a continuous search for alternative protein sources instead of depreciated fish meal. The utilization of zooplankton as a feed ingredient is an interesting trend due to their high-quality protein content and abundance of essential nutrients. The current study aims to investigate the effects of partial and total replacement of fish meal (FM) by Dahpnia magna meal (DMM) on growth performance, feed utilization, histological, and economic status of mullet, M. cephalus, larvae. In addition to the control diet, 100% FM, D0, four diets containing DMM at different levels were used: 25% (D25), 50% (D50), 75% (D75), and 100% (D100) replacement of fish meal. A total of 300 larvae (0.097 ± 0.001 g) were equally divided into five groups (three replicate per each group) at a density of 200 larvae m−3. The aquariums were renewed at a rate of 30% daily. During the 60-day experimental period, all larvae were fed their respective diets at a level of 20% of live body weight, five times a day (9.00 a.m., 12.00, 15.00, 18.00, and 21.00 p.m.). The results indicated that compared to D0, fish fed D75 recorded the highest significant value of growth, and feed utilization parameters, while fish fed D100 achieved the lowest feed cost and incidence cost, and the highest profit index and economic efficiency ratio. A strong correlation was reported among weight gain, feed conversion ratio and fish meal replacement with DMM; R2 = 0.94 and 0.91, respectively. The fit regression model representing mullet response to FM replacement with DMM is a poly-nominal regression model with maximum response at 75–100%. The histological investigation of the intestine revealed an improvement of histomorphometric indices and goblet cell number with increasing DMM inclusion levels. These findings confirmed that 75% to 100% partial substitution of FM with DMM is the ideal replacement for mullet, M. cephalus, larvae for improving fish growth performance and feed utilization.

scholarly journals Effect of differences in stocking density in round tarpaulin ponds on growth and survival of Osphronemus gourami

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudhistyan Hanif Rahmawan ◽  
Riza Rahman Hakim ◽  
Ganjar Adhywirawan Sutarjo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

One way to increase cultivation productivity is by increasing stocking. Gouramy is a freshwater commodity that has a fairly slow growth performance. This study aims to determine the growth performance of gouramy reared at different stocking densities. The 3 cm gourami are reared in a pond containing 35 liters of water. ponds P1 (30 heads), P2 (50 heads), P3 (100 heads), P4 (150 heads), P5 (200 heads) each was repeated 3 times. Growth rate (GR), specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate (SR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured and analyzed for variance (ANOVA) followed by LSD. The results showed that the fish reared in pond P1 showed the best GR, SGR, FCR, and SR (3.8 g, 3.99 %, 96 %, and 1.11 respectively). The lower the density, the better the growth performance but based on efficiency and productivity the best is at P2.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Swimming Pool Conditions and Floor Types on Growth Performance and Footpad Dermatitis in Indoor-Reared White Roman Geese

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1705
Author(s):  
Shih-Chieh Liao ◽  
Pei-Xuan Lu ◽  
Shih-Yi Shen ◽  
Chih-Chang Hsiao ◽  
Ching-Yi Lien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Foot Disease

Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is a major foot disease in modern poultry production, and it affects both poultry health and animal welfare. It refers to inflammation and necrotizing lesions on the plantar surface of the footpads and toes. We investigated the effects of providing a swimming pool and different floor types on growth performance and FPD score in indoor-reared White Roman geese. Forty-eight male and 48 female White Roman geese were randomly allocated to pens with or without a swimming pool and with either mud or perforated plastic floor and reared from 15 to 84 days of age. Growth performance measurements included feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). FI, WG, and FCR were significantly decreased at various growth periods in geese provided with a pool. Lower WG and bodyweight for the perforated plastic floor group were found at 15–28 and 28 days of age, respectively. The geese reared on the perforated plastic floors without a pool had higher FPD scores at 70 and 84 days of age than those with other rearing conditions. A higher incidence of FPD score 1 was observed in geese raised without a pool. In conclusion, providing a pool can improve footpad health in indoor-reared White Roman geese but may not benefit growth performance.

scholarly journals Growth performance and fattening ability in castrated male and female East Balkan pigs reared organically in Strandzha mountain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Palova ◽  
Jivko Nakev ◽  
Teodora Popova ◽  
Maya Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract(An experiment with two groups of East Balkan pigs – castrated males (n=10) and females (n=10), was carried out to study the growth performance and fattening abilities of the animals from the weaning until slaughter. The pigs were included in the trial at 60 day age. The average live weight of the castrated males was 8. 65±1.08 kg and for the females, 8.5±0.62 kg.The pigs were reared using traditional technology, grazing on natural pastures in the Strandzha mountain, Bulgaria. In autumn, acorns were naturally present in their diet. According to the category, the animals additionally received ground organic feed (50% barley and 50% wheat). The trial lasted 304 days (from February to November, 2019). During this period the final live weight of the male castrated pigs reached 88.00 kg while that of the females was 84.4 kg. The difference, however, was not significant. Furthermore, no significant differences in the growth performance characteristics that could be attributed to the sex of the animals were observed. The average daily gain of both sexes tended to be lower in summer and higher in autumn. The feed conversion ratio was higher in summer. The animals showed high average daily weight gain at pasture when their live weight was over 50 kg.

scholarly journals Growth performance and blood profile of rabbit bucks in two housing types on aqueous extract of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq ex fr.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
O. M. Sogunle ◽  
T. S. Aremu ◽  
O. O. Olatubosun ◽  
C. P. Njoku ◽  
O. M. Sogunle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Mushroom Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The growth performance and blood profile of forty-eight (48), six (6) weeks old rabbit bucks of cross (Chinchilla and New Zealand White) were assessed for 10 weeks. The bucks were allotted on weight equalization basis in a 2 x 4 factorial experimental layout composed of 24 rabbits into steel hutches and wooden hutches each and on four (4) varying levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 mL/litre of water, respectively) of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq ex fr.) extract. Six (6) bucks were assigned to each treatment group and replicated three times with two (2) bucks per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design. The phytochemicals of the oyster mushroom extract showed that 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- methyl ester was the most abundant. Results showed that the feed conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) best (6.08) in bucks reared in wooden cage and administered 15 mL oyster mushroom extract. Significantly (P<0.05) highest triglycerides (81.00 mg/dL) was obtained in bucks on steel hutch and on 5 mL oyster mushroom extract and lowest (55.00 mg/dL) in bucks on steel hutch and on 10 mL oyster mushroom extract. The lowest (P<0.05) lymphocytes (59.00%) were recorded in bucks on wooden cage and administered 10 mL oyster mushroom extract. It was concluded that oyster mushroom extract up to 15 mL/litre of water administered in either steel hutch or wooden hutch did not impair the growth performance and blood profile of rabbit bucks.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary protein on the growth of mullet, Chelon labrosus, reared in sea cages

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammet Altunok ◽  
Osman Özden
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Grey Mullet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Chelon Labrosus

Abstract The purpose of the study was to obtain preliminary data on the effect of dietary protein on the growth of the thick-lipped grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) juveniles reared in net sea-cages. The juveniles (6.2 ± 0.61 g) were obtained from the wild and were stocked into net sea-cages at a stocking rate of 100 juveniles per cubic meter and fed with experimental diets including 25, 30, or 35% crude protein for 87 days. The highest mean weight and specific growth rate (SGR) were 39.5 g and 2.13% day−1, respectively, at protein levels of 30%. The diet also resulted in the most efficient feed conversion ratio of 1.61.

scholarly journals GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MEAT MALE QUAILS (COTURNIX SP.) OF TWO LINES UNDER TWO NUTRITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. M. ALMEIDA ◽  
E. G. OLIVEIRA ◽  
P. R. RAMOS ◽  
N. VEIGA ◽  
K. DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Crude Protein Level ◽  
Better Than

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de duas linhagens (italiana e japonesa) e de dois níveis de proteína bruta (20 e 26% PB) sobre o desempenho para corte foram utilizados 144 machos de codorna, criados em gaiola de 1 a 49 dias. Foram alojadas nove aves por gaiola, sorteadas de acordo com um esquema fatorial 2 x 2 em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado com quatro repetições. O desempenho foi avaliado semanalmente. A linhagem italiana apresentou maiores peso médio, ganho de peso médio e consumo médio do que a japonesa. O consumo médio relativo e a conversão alimentar da linhagem italiana foram menores, indicando melhor capacidade de utilização do alimento. Abstract Male quails (144) were reared from 1 to 49 days in cages, to evaluate the effect of line (Italian and Japanese), and crude protein level (20 and 26% CP) upon growth performance for meat production. Nine birds were housed per cage, sorted out according to a 2 x 2 factorial scheme in an entirely randomized design with 4 repetitions. Growth performance was evaluated weekly. The Italian line had higher mean body weight, mean gain weight and mean feed intake than the Japanese line. The Italian line showed lower or equal means of feed intake adjusted for body weight, indicating that it had better feed utilization. Mean feed conversion of the italian line was better than that of the Japanese line.

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