scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of Parengyodontium torokii sp. nov., a Biofilm-Forming Fungus Isolated from Mars 2020 Assembly Facility

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ceth W. Parker ◽  
Marcus de Melo Teixeira ◽  
Nitin K. Singh ◽  
Huzefa A. Raja ◽  
Kristof B. Cank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Gene Tree ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Gene Ontologies ◽  
A New Species

A fungal strain (FJII-L10-SW-P1) was isolated from the Mars 2020 spacecraft assembly facility and exhibited biofilm formation on spacecraft-qualified Teflon surfaces. The reconstruction of a six-loci gene tree (ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB1 and RPB2, and TEF1) using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analyses of the strain FJII-L10-SW-P1 supported a close relationship to other known Parengyodontium album subclade 3 isolates while being phylogenetically distinct from subclade 1 strains. The zig-zag rachides morphology of the conidiogenous cells and spindle-shaped conidia were the distinct morphological characteristics of the P. album subclade 3 strains. The MLST data and morphological analysis supported the conclusion that the P. album subclade 3 strains could be classified as a new species of the genus Parengyodontium and placed in the family Cordycipitaceae. The name Parengyodontium torokii sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate the strain, with FJII-L10-SW-P1 as the holotype. The genome of the FJII-L10-SW-P1 strain was sequenced, annotated, and the secondary metabolite clusters were identified. Genes predicted to be responsible for biofilm formation and adhesion to surfaces were identified. Homology-based assignment of gene ontologies to the predicted proteome of P. torokii revealed the presence of gene clusters responsible for synthesizing several metabolic compounds, including a cytochalasin that was also verified using traditional metabolomic analysis.

scholarly journals Case Report and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Nodavirus in the United States

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Chenghuai Yang ◽  
Leyi Wang ◽  
Kent Schwartz ◽  
Eric Burrough ◽  
Jennifer Groeltz-Thrush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Flock House Virus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Nodaviruses are small bisegmented RNA viruses belonging to the family Nodaviridae. Nodaviruses have been identified in different hosts, including insects, fishes, shrimps, prawns, dogs, and bats. A novel porcine nodavirus was first identified in the United States by applying next-generation sequencing on brain tissues of pigs with neurological signs, including uncontrollable shaking. RNA1 of the porcine nodavirus had the highest nucleotide identity (51.1%) to the Flock House virus, whereas its RNA2 shared the highest nucleotide identity (48%) with the RNA2 segment of caninovirus (Canine nodavirus). Genetic characterization classified porcine nodavirus as a new species under the genus Alphanodavirus. Further studies are needed to understand the pathogenicity and clinical impacts of this virus.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Isolates from Traditional Montenegrin Brine Cheese

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Werner Ruppitsch ◽  
Andjela Nisic ◽  
Patrick Hyden ◽  
Adriana Cabal ◽  
Jasmin Sucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Flavor Development ◽  
Genomic Characterization

In many dairy products, Leuconostoc spp. is a natural part of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) accounting for flavor development. However, data on the genomic diversity of Leuconostoc spp. isolates obtained from cheese are still scarce. The focus of this study was the genomic characterization of Leuconostoc spp. obtained from different traditional Montenegrin brine cheeses with the aim to explore their diversity and provide genetic information as a basis for the selection of strains for future cheese production. In 2019, sixteen Leuconostoc spp. isolates were obtained from white brine cheeses from nine different producers located in three municipalities in the northern region of Montenegro. All isolates were identified as Ln. mesenteroides. Classical multilocus sequence tying (MLST) and core genome (cg) MLST revealed a high diversity of the Montenegrin Ln. mesenteroides cheese isolates. All isolates carried genes of the bacteriocin biosynthetic gene clusters, eight out of 16 strains carried the citCDEFG operon, 14 carried butA, and all 16 isolates carried alsS and ilv, genes involved in forming important aromas and flavor compounds. Safety evaluation indicated that isolates carried no pathogenic factors and no virulence factors. In conclusion, Ln. mesenteroides isolates from Montenegrin traditional cheeses displayed a high genetic diversity and were unrelated to strains deposited in GenBank.

scholarly journals Karyotype Characterization of Nine Periwinkle Species (Gastropoda, Littorinidae)

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel García-Souto ◽  
Sandra Alonso-Rubido ◽  
Diana Costa ◽  
José Eirín-López ◽  
Emilio Rolán-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Chromosomal Mapping ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Submetacentric Chromosome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Littorina Arcana

Periwinkles of the family Littorinidae (Children, 1834) are common members of seashore littoral communities worldwide. Although the family is composed of more than 200 species belonging to 18 genera, chromosome numbers have been described in only eleven of them. A molecular cytogenetic analysis of nine periwinkle species, the rough periwinkles Littorina arcana, L. saxatilis, and L. compressa, the flat periwinkles L. obtusata and L. fabalis, the common periwinkle L. littorea, the mangrove periwinkle Littoraria angulifera, the beaded periwinkle Cenchritis muricatus, and the small periwinkle Melarhaphe neritoides was performed. All species showed diploid chromosome numbers of 2n = 34, and karyotypes were mostly composed of metacentric and submetacentric chromosome pairs. None of the periwinkle species showed chromosomal differences between male and female specimens. The chromosomal mapping of major and minor rDNA and H3 histone gene clusters by fluorescent in situ hybridization demonstrated that the patterns of distribution of these DNA sequences were conserved among closely related species and differed among less related ones. All signals occupied separated loci on different chromosome pairs without any evidence of co-localization in any of the species.

scholarly journals Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Mangifera indica L. Growing in Egypt

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽  
Elsayed G. Ibrahem ◽  
Mohamed S. Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Diversity

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit crops belong to the family Anacardiaceae and is the oldest cultivated tree worldwide. Cultivars maintained in Egypt have not been investigated previously. Mango was first brought to Egypt from South Asia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity within 28 mango cultivars. SSR and EST-SSR were used for optimizing germplasm management of mango cultivars. Significant variations were observed in morphological characteristics and genetic polymorphism, as they ranged from 0.71% to 100%. High diversity was confirmed as a pattern of morphological and genotypes data. Data from the present study may be used to calculate the mango relationship and diversity currently grown in Egypt.

Morphological and genetic description of Moniliformis necromysi sp. n. (Archiacanthocephala) from the wild rodent Necromys lasiurus (Cricetidae: Sigmondontinae) in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P.N. Gomes ◽  
N.A. Costa ◽  
R. Gentile ◽  
R.V. Vilela ◽  
A. Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Wild Rodent ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenies ◽  
A New Species

Abstract A new species of Moniliformis Travassos, 1915 (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae) is described from the hairy-tailed bolo mouse, Necromys lasiurus Lund, 1840 (Cricetidae: Sigmondontinae), captured in the Brazilian Cerrado, in Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The specimens were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular phylogenies were inferred from partial nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. The new species is distinguished from other moniliformid species by the number of rows and number of hooks per row, size of the proboscis, size of the eggs, host species and geographical distribution. Molecular phylogenies and genetic distances analyses demonstrated that Moniliformis necromysi sp. n. forms a well-supported monophyletic group with sequences of other species of Moniliformis and is distinguished from them, which agrees with the morphological characteristics, allocating the new species to this genus and to the family Moniliformidae Van Cleave, 1924. This is the first moniliformid acanthocephalan described from a wild rodent in Brazil.

scholarly journals Rediscovery and genomic characterization of bovine astroviruses

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1888-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Tse ◽  
Wan-Mui Chan ◽  
Hoi-Wah Tsoi ◽  
Rachel Y. Y. Fan ◽  
Candy C. Y. Lau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Similar Organization

The genus Mamastrovirus belongs to the family Astroviridae and consists of at least six members infecting different mammalian hosts, including humans, cattle and pigs. In recent years, novel astroviruses have been identified in other mammalian species like roe deer, bats and sea lions. While the bovine astrovirus was one of the earliest astroviruses to have been studied, no further research has been performed recently and its genome sequence remains uncharacterized. In this report, we describe the detection and genomic characterization of astroviruses in bovine faecal specimens obtained in Hong Kong. Five of 209 specimens were found to be positive for astrovirus by RT-PCR. Two of the positive specimens were found to contain sequences from two different astrovirus strains. Complete genome sequences of approximately 6.3 kb in length were obtained for four strains, which showed similar organization of the genome compared to other astroviruses. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed their identities as members of the genus Mamastrovirus, and showed them to be most closely related to the Capreolus capreolus astrovirus. Based on the pairwise genetic distances among their full-length ORF2 sequences, these bovine astroviruses may be assigned into at least three different genotype species. Sequence analysis revealed evidence of potential recombination in ORF2. In summary, we report the first genome sequences of bovine astroviruses and clearly establish the species status of the virus. Additionally, our study is among the first to report co-infection by different astrovirus genotypes in the same host, which is an essential step for recombination to occur.

scholarly journals Morphological, Pathogenic, and Molecular Characterization of Colletotrichum acutatum Isolates Causing Almond Anthracnose in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 2034-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana López-Moral ◽  
Maria Carmen Raya-Ortega ◽  
Carlos Agustí-Brisach ◽  
Luis F. Roca ◽  
Maria Lovera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum Species Complex ◽  
A New Species

Almond anthracnose is a serious and emerging disease in several countries. All isolates causing almond anthracnose have been assigned to the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex, of which only C. fioriniae and C. godetiae have been associated with the disease to date. Here, we characterized Colletotrichum isolates from almond fruit affected by anthracnose in the Andalusia region. Two Colletotrichum isolates causing olive anthracnose were included for comparison. Morphological characteristics were useful for separating the isolates into groups based on colony morphology. Pathogenicity tests in almond, olive, and apple fruit showed differences in virulence and some degree of pathogenic specialization among isolates. Molecular characterization allowed clear identification of the Colletotrichum isolates tested. The olive isolates were identified as C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae, both previously identified in Andalusian olive orchards. Two phylogenetic species were identified among the almond isolates: C. godetiae, with gray colonies, which is well known in other countries, and C. acutatum, with pink-orange colonies. This species identification differs from those of pink-colony subpopulations described in other countries, which are C. fioriniae. Therefore, this study is also the first report of a new species of Colletotrichum causing almond anthracnose within the C. acutatum species complex.

scholarly journals  Azygosporus gen. nov., a synapmorphic clade in the family Ancylistaceae

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Yue Cai ◽  
Yong Nie ◽  
Heng Zhao ◽  
ZiMin Wang ◽  
ZhengYu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Taxonomic System

The fungal genus Conidiobolus sensu lato was delimited into four genera based on morphology and phylogeny. However, the taxonomic placement of C. parvus has not been determined until now. Here, we show that C. parvus belongs to a distinct lineage based on mitochondrial (mtSSU) and nuclear (TEF1 and nrLSU) phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses further revealed a new species as sister to C. parvus. We identified a synapomorphy uniting these lineages (azygospore production) that was not observed in other allied genera of the family Ancylistaceae, and erected a new genus Azygosporusgen. nov. for this monophyletic group, with a new combination, A. parvuscomb. nov. as the type species. Within Azygosporus, the novel species A. macropapillatussp. nov. was introduced from China based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence, which is characterized by its prominent basal papilla, in comparison to other closely related species, measuring 7.5–10.0×5.0–10.0 µm. Our study resolved the phylogenetic placement of C. parvus and improved the taxonomic system of the Ancylistaceae family.

Genomic characterization of Ralstonia solanacearum phage ϕRS138 of the family Siphoviridae

2015 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bich Van Truong Thi ◽  
Nguyen Huan Pham Khanh ◽  
Ryuta Namikawa ◽  
Kaito Miki ◽  
Akihiro Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genomic Characterization
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