scholarly journals The Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Male Fertility: Focus on the Action of Obesogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-196
Author(s):  
Luís Rato ◽  
Ana C. A. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Male Reproductive Health ◽  
The Impact

The current scenario of male infertility is not yet fully elucidated; however, there is increasing evidence that it is associated with the widespread exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and in particular to obesogens. These compounds interfere with hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism and are associated with weight gain, being also able to change the functioning of the male reproductive axis and, consequently, the testicular physiology and metabolism that are pivotal for spermatogenesis. The disruption of these tightly regulated metabolic pathways leads to adverse reproductive outcomes. The permanent exposure to obesogens has raised serious health concerns. Evidence suggests that obesogens are one of the leading causes of the marked decline of male fertility and key players in shaping the future health outcomes not only for those who are directly exposed but also for upcoming generations. In addition to the changes that lead to inefficient functioning of the male gametes, obesogens induce alterations that are “imprinted” on the genes of the male gametes, establishing a link between generations and contributing to the transmission of defects. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms by which obesogens induce toxicity that may end-up in epigenetic modifications is imperative. This review describes and discusses the suggested molecular targets and potential mechanisms for obesogenic–disrupting chemicals and the subsequent effects on male reproductive health.

scholarly journals First trimester maternal exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals and metals and fetal size in the Michigan Mother–Infant Pairs study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn M. Goodrich ◽  
Mary E. Ingle ◽  
Steven E. Domino ◽  
Marjorie C. Treadwell ◽  
Dana C. Dolinoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
The Impact

AbstractExposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals and metals are near ubiquitous worldwide, and their potential impact on children is a major public health concern. This pilot study was designed to characterize exposures to phthalates, phenols and metals among pregnant women in the first trimester, and to examine associations with fetal biometrics and birth weight. A total of 41 chemicals and elements were analyzed in urine from 56 mothers with full-term newborns from the Michigan Mother–Infant Pairs study. Bivariate analyses identified predictors of exposure biomarkers. Associations between birth weight, Fentonz-scores and second trimester fetal biometrics with toxicants were examined via multivariable linear regression. An average of 30 toxicants were detected in maternal urine. Fast food consumption was associated with several phthalate metabolites, phenols and metals, and canned food consumption with bisphenol F (P<0.05). Mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate was significantly associated with higher birth weight and Fentonz-score while the opposite was observed for bisphenol S. Estimated femur length from ultrasonography was significantly inversely associated with arsenic, barium and lead. While limited by sample size, this study is one of the first to evaluate birth outcomes with respect to emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals and to examine associations between toxicants and fetal biometrics. Exposure assessment was provided by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences’ Children’s Health Exposure Analysis Resource (NIEHS CHEAR), a resource available to children’s studies with the goal of combining data across cohorts in an effort to characterize the impact of toxicants on child health from birth and beyond.

scholarly journals Changes in male reproductive health and effects of endocrine disruptors in Scandinavian countries

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorma Toppari ◽  
Anne-Maarit Haavisto ◽  
Markku Alanen
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Change Points ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
Male Reproductive Health

Male reproductive health has deteriorated in many ways during the last decades. The incidence of testicular cancer has rapidly increased in Europe and European-derived populations. Sperm concentrations have declined and sperm motility and morphology have worsened in many areas. Both adverse trends have been shown to be associated with year of birth. Older birth cohorts have better reproductive health than the younger generations. Incidences of cryptorchidism and hypospadias have also increased according to several studies. The reasons for secular trends are unknown, but the rapid pace of the change points to environmental causes. Endocrine disrupting chemicals have been hypothesized to influence male reproductive health.

scholarly journals Endobolome, a New Concept for Determining the Influence of Microbiota Disrupting Chemicals (MDC) in Relation to Specific Endocrine Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Aguilera ◽  
Yolanda Gálvez-Ontiveros ◽  
Ana Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
The Impact

Endogenous steroid hormones and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) interact with gut microbiota through different pathways. We suggest the use of the term “endobolome” when referring to the group of gut microbiota genes and pathways involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and EDC. States of dysbiosis and reduced diversity of the gut microbiota may impact and modify the endobolome resulting at long-term in the development of certain pathophysiological conditions. The endobolome might play a central role in the gut microbiota as seen by the amount of potentially endobolome-mediated diseases and thereby it can be considered an useful diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for future functional research strategies that envisage the use of next generation of probiotics. In addition, we propose that EDC and other xenobiotics that alter the gut microbial composition and its metabolic capacities should be categorized into a subgroup termed “microbiota disrupting chemicals” (MDC). This will help to distinguish the role of contaminants from other microbiota natural modifiers such as those contained or released from diet, environment, physical activity and stress. These MDC might have the ability to promote specific changes in the microbiota that can ultimately result in common intestinal and chronic or long-term systemic diseases in the host. The risk of developing certain disorders associated with gut microbiota changes should be established by determining both the effects of the MDC on gut microbiota and the impact of microbiota changes on chemicals metabolism and host susceptibility. In any case, further animal controlled experiments, clinical trials and large epidemiological studies are required in order to establish the concatenated impact of the MDC-microbiota-host health axis.

scholarly journals Endocrine‐disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Sharma ◽  
Josephine Mollier ◽  
Richard W. K. Brocklesby ◽  
Charlotte Caves ◽  
Channa N. Jayasena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Male Reproductive Health

scholarly journals The non-genomic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on mammalian sperm

Reproduction ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. R1-R13 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Tavares ◽  
S Escada-Rebelo ◽  
M Correia ◽  
P C Mota ◽  
J Ramalho-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Mammalian Sperm ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Genomic Effects ◽  
Male Reproductive Health

Exposure to toxicants present in the environment, especially the so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been associated with decreased sperm quality and increased anomalies in male reproductive organs over the past decades. Both human and animal populations are continuously exposed to ubiquitous synthetic and natural-occurring EDCs through diet, dermal contact and/or inhalation, therefore potentially compromising male reproductive health. Although the effects of EDC are likely induced via multiple genomic-based pathways, their non-genomic effects may also be relevant. Furthermore, spermatozoa are transcriptionally inactive cells that can come in direct contact with EDCs in reproductive fluids and secretions and are therefore a good model to address non-genomic effects. This review thus focuses on the non-genomic effects of several important EDCs relevant to mammalian exposure. Notably, EDCs were found to interfere with pre-existing pathways inducing a panoply of deleterious effects to sperm function that included altered intracellular Ca2+oscillations, induction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased DNA damage and decreased sperm motility and viability, among others, potentially jeopardizing male fertility. Although many studies have used non-environmentally relevant concentrations of only one compound for mechanistic studies, it is important to remember that mammals are not exposed to one, but rather to a multitude of environmental EDCs, and synergistic effects may occur. Furthermore, some effects have been detected with single compounds at environmentally relevant concentrations.

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