scholarly journals The Herbal Formula CWBSD Improves Sleep Quality Dependent on Oral Microbial Type and Tongue Diagnostic Features in Insomnia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Min-Jee Kim ◽  
Shambhunath Bose ◽  
Na-Rae Shin ◽  
Seohyun Park ◽  
Ojin Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Tongue Diagnosis ◽  
Yin Deficiency ◽  
Posterior Tongue ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Cheonwangbosim-dan (CWBSD) is a traditional Korean herb formula that has been widely prescribed for insomnia patients with a heart-yin deficiency (HYD) pattern. Several studies have reported that heart function and insomnia are interrelated, and few have explored associations between insomnia, oral microbiota, and tongue diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CWBSD on primary insomnia, tongue diagnosis, and oral microbiota. At baseline, 56 patients with primary insomnia were assigned to two groups, a HYD group and a non-HYD (NHYD) group and they took CWBSD for 6 weeks. During the study, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indices (PSQIs) and Insomnia Severity Indices (ISIs) decreased significantly in both groups. However, the PSQI reduction observed in the HYD group was greater than in the NHYD group and sleep times increased only in the HYD group. As sleep quality improved, the amount of tongue coating increased at the posterior tongue, where heart function appears. At baseline, the HYD and NHYD group had a specific oral microbiota (Veillonella at genus level), but no significant change was observed after taking CWBSD. Additionally, subjects were divided into two oral microbiota types (“orotypes”). The genera Prevotella, Veillonella, or Neisseria were abundant in each orotype. The reduction in PSQI in orotype 1 during the 6-week treatment period was greater than in orotype 2. In conclusion, this study shows that CWBSD could be used to treat primary insomnia in patients with a HYD pattern as determined using tongue diagnosis and oral microbiota distributional patterns.

scholarly journals The Herbal Formula CBD Improves Sleep Quality Dependent on Oral Microbial Type and Tongue Diagnostic Features in Insomnia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Jee Kim ◽  
Shambhunath Bose ◽  
Na Rae Shin ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Ojin Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Tongue Diagnosis

Abstract Background Cheonwangbosim-dan (CBD) is a traditional Korean herb formula that has been widely prescribed for insomnia patients with a heart-yin deficiency (HYD) pattern. Several studies have recently reported that heart function and insomnia are interrelated, and others have explored associations between insomnia, oral microbiota, and tongue diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CBD on primary insomnia, tongue diagnosis, and oral microbiota. We conducted a prospective, open-label clinical trial on primary insomnia. At baseline, 56 patients with primary insomnia were assigned to two groups, a HYD group and a non-HYD (NHYD) group. Members of these groups took CBD for 6 weeks. Primary and secondary outcomes including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indices (PSQIs), Insomnia Severity Indices (ISIs), actigraphy results, cardiac function, autonomic nerve function, clinical laboratory results, tongue features, and oral microbiota were collected from all subjects at after 0, 3, or 6 weeks of treatment. Additionally, PSQI and ISI were determined by telephone follow-up 10 weeks after study commencement.Results During the study, PSQIs and ISIs decreased significantly in both groups. However, the PSQI reduction observed in the HYD group was greater than in the NHYD group and sleep times as determined by actigraphy, that is, total bedtimes (TBTs) and total sleep times (TST), increased only in the HYD group. As sleep quality improved, the amount of tongue coating increased at the posterior tongue, where heart function appears. At baseline, the HYD and NHYD group had a specific oral microbiota (Veillonella at genus level), but no significant change was observed after taking CBD. Additionally, subjects were divided into two oral microbiota types (‘orotype’). The genera Prevotella, Veillonella or Neisseria were abundant in each orotype. The reduction in PSQI in the orotype 1 during the 6-week treatment period was greater than in orotype 2.Conclusions Taking together, CBD was effective in primary insomnia patients with a HYD pattern and CBD increased the amount of tongue coating. In addition, oral microbiota distributions were different in patients with a HYD or a NHYD pattern. The study shows CBD could be used to treat primary insomnia in patients with a HYD pattern as determined using tongue diagnosis and oral microbiota distributional patterns.

Sleep Hygiene Practices in Patients with Major Depression with Comorbid Insomnia, Primary Insomnia and Good Sleepers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritza Sandoval-Rincón ◽  
José Carlos Sánchez-Ferrer ◽  
Jairo Muñoz-Delgado ◽  
R. Krisel Saldívar-Hernández ◽  
Alejandro Jimenez-Genchi
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Comorbid Insomnia ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Background Inadequate sleep hygiene (SH) is considered one the factors contributing to insomnia, including comorbid insomnia with mental disorders. However, the practice of SH by depressed patients with comorbid insomnia has not been explored. We aimed to compare the practice of SH between patients with major depression with comorbid insomnia, primary insomnia, and good sleepers. Methods One hundred and eighty-two adult individuals participated: 62 outpatients with major depressive disorder with comorbid insomnia (MDD), 56 outpatients with primary insomnia (PI), and 64 good sleepers (GS). All participants were assessed with a structured psychiatric interview, an insomnia interview, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Insomnia Severity Index and the Sleep Hygiene Practice Scale. We compared the practice of SH as a whole and by domains between the groups and the relation between SH practice, insomnia and sleep quality. Results Patients with PI and MDD showed a significantly worse practice of global SH. In the comparison by SH domains, MDD and PI groups had significantly higher scores than GS in all domains; individuals with MDD showed a significantly worse practice of sleep schedule and arousal related behaviors than PI group. SH practice was significantly related with insomnia and sleep quality in the whole sample, however only in the PI this association remained significant. Arousal-related behaviors domain was the main predictor of insomnia and sleep quality. Conclusions Although patients with insomnia comorbid with MDD or with PI have a worse SH practice than GS, only arousal-related behaviors and drinking/eating habits contribute significantly to insomnia severity and sleep quality.

scholarly journals Alternate Day Fasting Combined with a Low Carbohydrate Diet: Effect on Sleep Quality, Duration, Insomnia Severity and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults with Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Eric Wiseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background: Alternate day fasting combined with a low carbohydrate diet (ADF-LC) is an effective weight loss regimen. Whether the weight loss induced by ADF-LC can improve sleep, remains unknown. Objective: This study examined the effect an ADF-LC diet on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Adults with obesity (n = 31) participated in ADF (600 kcal “fast day”; ad libitum intake “feast day”) with a low-carbohydrate diet (30% carbohydrates, 35% protein, and 35% fat). The 6-month trial consisted of a 3-month weight loss period followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. Results: Reductions in body weight (−5 ± 1 kg, p < 0.001) and fat mass (−4 ± 1 kg, p < 0.01) were noted during the weight loss period, and these reductions were sustained during the weight maintenance period. Lean mass and visceral fat remained unchanged. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score indicated poor sleep quality at baseline (6.4 ± 0.7) with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. ISI score indicated subthreshold insomnia at baseline (8.5 ± 1.0), with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. The percent of subjects with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea at baseline was 45%, with no change by month 3 or 6. Wake time, bedtime, and sleep duration remained unchanged. Conclusion: The ADF-LC diet does not impact sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.

Sleep symptomatology is associated with greater subjective cognitive concerns: Findings from the community-based Healthy Brain Project

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Nicolazzo ◽  
Katharine Xu ◽  
Alexandra Lavale ◽  
Rachel Buckley ◽  
Nawaf Yassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Psychomotor Function ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Study objectives To examine if sleep symptomatology was associated with subjective cognitive concerns or objective cognitive performance in a dementia-free community-based sample. Methods A total of 1421 middle-aged participants (mean±standard deviation = 57±7; 77% female) from the Healthy Brain Project completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to measure sleep quality, insomnia symptom severity, and daytime sleepiness, respectively. Participants were classified as having no sleep symptomatology (normal scores on each sleep measure), moderate sleep symptomatology (abnormal scores on one sleep measure), or high sleep symptomatology (abnormal scores on at least two sleep measures), using established cut-off values. Analysis of covariance was used to compare objective cognitive function (Cogstate Brief Battery) and subjective cognitive concerns (Modified Cognitive Function Instrument) across groups. Results Following adjustments for age, sex, education, mood, and vascular risk factors, persons classified as having high sleep symptomatology, versus none, displayed more subjective cognitive concerns (d=0.24) but no differences in objective cognitive performance (d=0.00-0.18). Subjective cognitive concerns modified the association between sleep symptomatology and psychomotor function. The strength of the relationship between high sleep symptomatology (versus none) and psychomotor function was significantly greater in persons with high as compared with low cognitive concerns (β±SE =-0.37±0.16; p=0.02). Conclusions More severe sleep symptomatology was associated with greater subjective cognitive concerns. Persons reporting high levels of sleep symptomatology may be more likely to display poorer objective cognitive function in the presence of subjective cognitive concerns.

The effect of 4-h versus 6-h time restricted feeding on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110023
Author(s):  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Vicky Pavlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background: Time restricted feeding (TRF) involves deliberately restricting the times during which energy is ingested. Preliminary findings suggest that 8–10-h TRF improves sleep. However, the effects of shorter TRF windows (4–6 h) on sleep, remain unknown. Aims: This study compared the effects of 4-h versus 6-h TRF on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Adults with obesity ( n = 49) were randomized into one of three groups: 4-h TRF (eating only between 3 and 7 p.m.), 6-h TRF (eating only between 1 and 7 p.m.), or a control group (no meal timing restrictions) for 8 weeks. Results: After 8 weeks, body weight decreased ( p < 0.001) similarly by 4-h TRF (–3.9 ± 0.4 kg) and 6-h TRF (–3.4 ± 0.4 kg), versus controls. Sleep quality, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), did not change by 4-h TRF (baseline: 5.9 ± 0.7; week 8: 4.8 ± 0.6) or 6-h TRF (baseline: 6.4 ± 0.8; week 8: 5.3 ± 0.9), versus controls. Wake time, bedtime, sleep duration and sleep onset latency also remained unchanged. Insomnia severity did not change by 4-h TRF (baseline: 4.4 ± 1.0; week 8: 4.7 ± 0.9) or 6-h TRF (baseline: 8.3 ± 1.2; week 8: 5.5 ± 1.1), versus controls. Percent of participants reporting obstructive sleep apnea symptoms did not change by 4-h TRF (baseline: 44%; week 8: 25%) or 6-h TRF (baseline: 47%; week 8: 20%), versus controls. Conclusion: These findings suggest that 4- and 6-h TRF have no effect on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity, or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea.

Changes in sleep predict changes in depressive symptoms in depressed subjects receiving vortioxetine: An open-label clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1388-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Cao ◽  
Caroline Park ◽  
Joshua D Rosenblat ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Michelle Iacobucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Epworth Sleepiness Scale ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in patients with major depressive disorder. We aimed to investigate the effects of vortioxetine on sleep quality and association between changes in sleep and treatment response. Methods: This study is a post-hoc analysis of a clinical trial that sought to evaluate the sensitivity to cognitive change of THINC-integrated tool in patients with major depressive disorder. In total, 92 patients (aged 18 to 65) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria for moderate or severe major depressive disorder and 54 healthy controls were included. All patients received open-label vortioxetine (10–20 mg/day, flexibly dosed) for 8 weeks. Herein, the primary outcomes of interest were changes in sleep, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Insomnia Severity Index, between weeks 0, 2, and 8. The association between changes in sleep and depressive symptom severity was secondarily assessed. Results: We observed that sleep, as indicated by scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Insomnia Severity Index, was significantly poorer in patients with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls at weeks 0, 2, and 8 ( p < 0.05). Among patients with major depressive disorder, we observed significant improvements on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Insomnia Severity Index between weeks 0 and 8 ( p < 0.05). We observed a significant association between improvements on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index and improvement of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Improvement of depressive symptoms in major depressive disorder patients treated with vortioxetine was associated with significant improvements in sleep. Furthermore, improvements in sleep were predictive of antidepressant response and were linearly correlated with improvement in overall depressive symptom severity.

scholarly journals Relationship between Sleep Disorders and Health Related Quality of Life—Results from the Georgia SOMNUS Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nato Darchia ◽  
Nikoloz Oniani ◽  
Irine Sakhelashvili ◽  
Mariam Supatashvili ◽  
Tamar Basishvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Insomnia Severity

The extent to which sleep disorders are associated with impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is poorly described in the developing world. We investigated the prevalence and severity of various sleep disorders and their associations with HRQoL in an urban Georgian population. 395 volunteers (20–60 years) completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, STOP-Bang questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form, and Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Socio-demographic data and body mass index (BMI) were obtained. The prevalence of sleep disorders and their association with HRQoL was considerable. All SF-12 components and physical and mental component summaries (PCS, MCS) were significantly lower in poor sleepers, subjects with daytime sleepiness, apnea risk, or insomnia. Insomnia and apnea severity were also associated with lower scores on most SF-12 dimensions. The effect of insomnia severity was more pronounced on MCS, while apnea severity—on PCS. Hierarchical analyses showed that after controlling for potential confounding factors (demographics, depression, BMI), sleep quality significantly increased model’s predictive power with an R2 change (ΔR2) by 3.5% for PCS (adjusted R2 = 0.27) and by 2.9% for MCS (adjusted R2 = 0.48); for the other SF-12 components ΔR2 ranged between 1.4% and 4.6%. ESS, STOP-Bang, ISI scores, all exerted clear effects on PCS and MCS in an individual regression models. Our results confirm and extend the findings of studies from Western societies and strongly support the importance of sleep for HRQoL. Elaboration of intervention programs designed to strengthen sleep-related health care and thereof HRQoL is especially important in the developing world.

scholarly journals Temperament, sleep quality, and insomnia severity in university students: Examining the mediating and moderating role of sleep hygiene

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0251557
Author(s):  
Angela F. Lukowski ◽  
Dmitry Tsukerman
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
Individual Difference Variables ◽  
Hygiene Behavior ◽  
Insomnia Severity

University students commonly experience sleep problems which have implications for daily functioning and academic achievement. For this reason, research is needed to identify modifiable individual difference variables that may contribute to better sleep in this population. Temperament and sleep hygiene may be two such factors. As part of a larger study, 167 university students (61.7% female) completed online questionnaires that inquired about temperament (the Adult Temperament Questionnaire; ATQ), sleep hygiene behavior (the Sleep Hygiene Index; SHI), global sleep quality (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), and insomnia severity (the Insomnia Severity Index; ISI). Correlations amongst the included measures were in the predicted direction: effortful control was negatively associated with the SHI composite, PSQI global scores, and ISI scores; extraversion was negatively related to PSQI global scores; and negative affect was positively associated with the SHI composite and ISI scores. In addition, the SHI composite mediated the association between effortful control and the PSQI global scores as well as the association between negative affect and PSQI global scores; similar patterns of mediation were found when considering ISI scores, although the direct effects differed. That is, negative affect was directly associated with ISI scores but not PSQI global scores. These findings suggest that interventions designed enhance effortful control, reduce negative affect, and improve sleep hygiene may contribute to better global sleep quality and decrease insomnia in university students.

581 Impact of Weight on Insomnia Severity, Sleep Quality, and Insomnia Improvement in a Clinically Referred Pediatric Sample

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A229-A229
Author(s):  
Kara Duraccio ◽  
Danielle Graef ◽  
Dean Beebe ◽  
Kelly Byars
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Initial Evaluation ◽  
Clinically Referred ◽  
Adolescent Sleep ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insomnia Severity ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction Children with overweight/obesity are more likely to have shortened sleep, though little is known about the role of weight status in insomnia severity, sleep quality, and sleep hygiene in clinically referred youth. Methods A total of 1133 children (43.7% female) presented to a Pediatric Behavioral Sleep Medicine Clinic for insomnia. At the initial evaluation, caregivers of children ages 2–10.9 years (N = 744) completed the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Scale (PISI) and the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ); adolescents ages 11–18 years (N = 389) completed the PISI, the Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale (ASHS), and the Adolescent Sleep Wake Scale (ASWS). The PISI was completed during at least one Pediatric Behavioral Sleep Medicine visit subsequent to evaluation and initiation of treatment. Patient height and weight, objectively measured within 3 months of the initial evaluation, was used to determine sex-adjusted body mass index z-scores (BMIz). Hierarchal linear regression models were used to determine the impact of BMIz on baseline PISI insomnia severity scores, and CSHQ, ASHS, and ASWS total scores, after covarying for income. Repeated-measures general linear modeling was used to determine whether weight status moderated improvement in insomnia severity over time, covarying for income. Results For children (ages 2–10.9), weight was not associated with baseline insomnia severity (p=.62) or predictive of insomnia improvement following behavioral sleep medicine intervention (p=.71), though higher weight predicted poorer parent-reported sleep quality (p=.006). For adolescents (ages 11–18), higher weight was predictive of higher baseline insomnia severity (p=.026), though did not predict insomnia improvement over time (p = .86); higher weight was also predictive of poorer sleep hygiene (p&lt;.001) and worse sleep quality (p=.03). Conclusion Initial insomnia severity and subjective sleep quality may be worse for youth of higher weight, particularly for adolescents; these findings increase our understanding of how and when overweight/obesity negatively impacts sleep. Fortunately, youth with higher weight respond equally well to pediatric behavioral sleep medicine interventions as their lower-weight peers, suggesting that these interventions need not be modified based on patient weight. Support (if any) Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology’s Research Funds

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