scholarly journals The Influence of Political Capital on Peasants’ Migration Behavior and Its Implications

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Haojing Shen ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Changchun Feng ◽  
Zhengying Shan
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Central China ◽  
Political Capital ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the influence of political capital on the migration behavior of peasant households in China’s equitable urbanization. While existing research has proven that political capital can increase the wages of migrant workers, leading to a higher possibility of their rural-to-urban migration, the direct impact of political capital on migration behavior has not received sufficient attention. As China is one of the largest emerging economies, the impact of political capital on the economy and political transformation is typical. This paper reports a survey of 1120 farmer households from Xinxiang, a traditional agricultural area in central China. Using a binary logit model to test whether peasant households will migrate and a multinomial logit model to test where they will migrate to, this study examined whether political capital had a significant influence on the migration behavior of peasant households. The results suggest that the peasant households with political capital have a higher possibility of moving to urban areas, even though there is a better habitational option, namely, a new village in the local rural area. This suggests that reducing the difference in the political capital of migrants through policy propaganda and other methods is an efficient and effective way to achieve and improve equitable access to urbanization.

The State Connection in China's Rural-Urban Migration

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Guang
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
State Textile ◽  
Facilitative Role ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Urban State

This study explores the role of China's rural local state-owned and urban state-owned units in its rural-urban migration process. Most studies on Chinese migration have focused on migrants moving from rural to urban areas through informal mechanisms outside of the state's control. They therefore treat the Chinese state as an obstructionist force and dismiss its facilitative role in the migration process. By documenting rural local states' “labor export” strategies and urban state units' employment of millions of peasants, this article provides a corrective to the existing literature. It highlights and explains the state connection in China's rural-urban migration. Labor is … a special kind of commodity. What we do is to fetch a good price for this special commodity. Labor bureau official from Laomei county, 1996 If we want efficiency, we have to hire migrant workers. Party secretary of a state textile factory in Shanghai, 1997

scholarly journals Modeling Forest Fire Probabilities in the South Central United States Using FIA Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Munn ◽  
Yushun Zhai ◽  
David L. Evans
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Prescribed Fires ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central ◽  
Central United States

Abstract Factors influencing the probability of fire occurrence in the south central United States were investigated using a geographic information system (GIS) and a multinomial logit model. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data at the plot level were merged with census data at the census-tract level to create a data set containing demographic, geographic, and timber-related characteristics. A multinomial logit model was employed to estimate the relationships between plot characteristics and the probability of wildfires, prescribed fires, and fires of unknown origins. Wildfires occurred more frequently on public forests than industrial and nonindustrial private forests (NIPFs). The probability of wildfire increased with proximity to urban areas and “built-up” areas of 4 ha or more in size. Wildfires occurred more frequently in younger stands and in pine and mixed pine-hardwood types than in hardwood types. Prescribed fires occurred more frequently on public and industrial forests than on NIPFs. The probability of prescribed fires increased with proximity to roads, urban areas, built-up areas of 4 ha or more, and on flatter terrain, but was inversely related to population density. Fire was prescribed less frequently for pole-sized stands than sawtimber size stands and more frequently for pine and mixed pine-hardwood types than for hardwood types. Education levels and median household incomes of the surrounding census tract had no significant effects on the probability of any type of fire. South. J. Appl. For. 27(1):11–17.

scholarly journals Examining Travelers’ Acceptance towards Car Sharing Systems—Peshawar City, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Tran Vanduy
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Nested Logit ◽  
Car Sharing

In recent years, car sharing has emerged as a novel alternative to private car ownership in urban areas worldwide. Potential benefits of this system include improved mobility and reduced congestion, vehicle ownership, parking issues, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aimed to investigate travelers’ acceptance of car sharing systems through a stated preference survey in the city of Peshawar, Pakistan. The questionnaires were distributed online via a Google form. Questions were designed from numerous aspects of car sharing systems, such as awareness of car sharing systems, attributes related to travel modes in the choice set, and demographic characteristics. A total of 453 valid responses were received. The Multinomial and Nested Logit models were employed for evaluation and analysis of survey responses. Demographic characteristics including gender, job, and income were found to be significant. Service attributes including travel time, travel cost, registration fees, and capital cost, were also significant. The multinomial logit model based on both car-owners and non-car-owners fit a little better than the nested logit model. Our findings in the present study could be beneficial for transport planners and policy makers to timely implement car sharing systems in cities in order to mitigate increased car ownership and traffic congestion.

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Migration in China: Temporary Migrants in Search of Permanent Settlement

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Permanent Settlement

Massive population flows from rural to urban areas since the start of economic reform have had consequences on almost every social, economic and political issue in the People's Republic of China. This paper maps the developments of rural to urban migration in reform era China, explaining the repercussions of the household registration system on migration patterns, the economic and social inclusion of rural migrant workers into urban communities, and the formation of migrant communities based on ethnic ties in some of China's major cities. The paper ends with a discussion of the consequences of both regional and rural-urban inequalities on future population flows, and on the possibilities of social tensions brought by the increasing presence of rural migrants in urban China.

scholarly journals The Impact of Schools and Families in the Religions Perceptions of Children in Albania and Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Loloçi Rita ◽  
Menada Petro
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to identify children`s perceptions regarding the role of religion in their education, their religious belonging, the parent's role in their religious education, and the attitude they have towards other religions. To gather quantitative data regarding the opinion the 10-14 age children have on religion and religious education, a survey was performed in several schools in Albania and Kosovo urban and rural areas (720 students from 8 schools of Durres, 4 in rural areas, and 473 students from 8 schools of Pristina and the surrounding area). A questionnaire was used to fulfill the purpose of the research regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and the perceptions of 10-14 age group on religious education in schools. At the same time, studies of national and international authors were consulted for a better analysis of the problems raised in the questionnaires such as the role and the importance of intercultural education in the coexistence and the harmony between people of different cultures, the education on The Fundamental Rights, the role of the curricula in schools, the difference between families in the rural and urban areas and the effect of the parents’ education on children. The results of the study showed that children of this age group receive the first knowledge about religion from the family. An irreplaceable role in religious education has the media. The school involvement in giving knowledge on religious beliefs in both studied regions will positively influence pupil’s formation, eliminating this way the violation of other people religion that often is present in our schools and not only. A correlation between the tolerance of parents and the tolerance of their children resulted as the consequence of the care that families show to respect different religions and often even sects.

scholarly journals Intentions to Urban Migration among Youth: A Case of District Khushab of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Iffat Urooj ◽  
Iqbal Javed ◽  
Shahbaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Migration Intention ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Impact

The role of migrants on economic downfall in the case of developing countries has been recognized by the researchers and the policymakers. As it becomes difficult for the policymakers and the local government to manage and organize economic activities with the new arrival of migrants from rural to urban areas. The problem of congestion, health and residence issues, are also caused by migration. So this study investigates the impact of socio-economic and demographic indicators on migration intention among the youth of district Khushab. The results obtained from this study show that there are some economic and non-economic pull and push factors that aspire the young generation to migrate from rural to urban and urban to urban areas. Positive association of migration intention with income, assets, age, and education, already migrated members of households and already migrated friends or relatives have been observed. While there is a negative association of land, satisfaction from education facilities, satisfaction from job facilities, satisfaction from transport facilities with migration intentions. Marital status shows that a married person is less likely to migrate due to family obligations. Due to underlying problems caused by migration the study suggested that equal distribution of resources should be materialized. Special attention should be given on the provision of health, education, job, and transportation facilities in rural areas to alter migration intention among youth. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Indonesia’s School Operational Assistance Program on The Transition Rate from Primary to Junior Secondary School

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Байю Харизма ◽  
Сутястие Соэмитро Реми ◽  
Динда Аю Махарани
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transition Rate ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of Indonesia’s School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) on the transition rate from primary to junior secondary school using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) and the Difference-in-Differences method. The results showed that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) significantly increases the transition rate from Primary to Junior Secondary School. Meanwhile, the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) is more effective in increasing the transition rate in girls compared to boys. When comparing rural and urban settings, the program is more effective in rural than urban areas. Despite results showing that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) has successfully increased the transition rate from primary to junior secondary school, the program still has several problems, such as inadequate management of the funds and the lack of quality control related to its usage. The three models tested in the study conclude that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) significantly improved the overall transition rate from primary to junior secondary school in Indonesia, particularly for girls and rural areas. Acknowledgments. This research is supported by DRPMI Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD) for Lecture Competency Research (RKDU) scheme. We thank our colleagues from the Department of Economics, who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research and we thank “anonymous” reviewers for their so-called insights.

scholarly journals Integration of Rural and Urban Society in China and Implications for Urbanization, Infrastructure, Land and Labor in the New Era

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Haiying Feng ◽  
Victor R. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
New Era ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban Population Growth ◽  
The Impact

In many parts of China, rapid economic growth, socio-economic inequality, and environmental degradation (air, water, soil) are undermining social stability and sustainable urbanization. Rural-urban migration is the main factor contributing to urban population growth. Economic opportunity in urban areas is the main ‘pull factor’ but government policies provide a ‘push factor’. A model of the relationship over time of the rural sector and the urban sectors, mainly relating to the focus on manufacturing and the services sector, is discussed. Each sector provides a market for the other. We use three cameos of different types of urban-rural development taking examples from a Prefecture-level city of about 500,000 population located in Guangxi Autonomous Region in south east China. We analyze the infrastructure plan and land use planning in respect to the impact on labor, investment and urban growth.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Influencing the Vehicle Damage Level in Fatal Truck-Related Accidents and Differences in Rural and Urban Areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Linchao ◽  
Tomislav Fratrović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Ordered Logit ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ordered Logit Model ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Impact

Accidents involving large trucks very often end up with deadly consequences. Innocent people getting killed are acknowledged globally as one of the traffic safety greatest problems and challenges. While risk factors on truck-related accidents have been researched extensively, the impact on fatalities has received little or no attention, especially considering rural and urban areas, respectively. In this study, the generalized ordered logit model was used in Stata 11.0 to explore the complex mechanism of truck-related accidents in different areas. Data were obtained from The Trucks in Fatal Accidents database (TIFA). The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) indicates that the model used in this paper is superior to traditional ordered logit model. The results showed that 9 variables affect the vehicle damage level in a fatal crash in both areas but with different directions. Furthermore, 23 indicators significantly affect the disabling damage in the same manner. Also, there are factors that are significant solely in one area and not in the other: 12 in rural and 2 in urban areas.

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