scholarly journals Muscular Strength Imbalances Are not Associated with Skin Temperature Asymmetries in Soccer Players

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mendonça Teixeira ◽  
Rodolfo A. Dellagrana ◽  
Jose I. Priego-Quesada ◽  
João Claudio B.P. Machado ◽  
Juliano Fernandes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
New Methods

Although strength imbalances using isokinetic dynamometer have been examined for injury risk screening in soccer players, it is very expensive and time-consuming, making the evaluation of new methods appealing. The aim of the study was to analyze the agreement between muscular strength imbalances and skin temperature bilateral asymmetries as well as skin temperature differences in the hamstrings and quadriceps. The skin temperature of the anterior and posterior thigh of 59 healthy male soccer athletes was assessed at baseline using infrared thermography for the identification of hamstrings-quadriceps skin temperature differences and thermal asymmetries (>0.5 °C). Subsequently, concentric and eccentric peak torque of the quadriceps and hamstrings were considered in the determination of the ratios, as well as muscular asymmetries (>15%). When considering the torque parameters, 37.3% (n = 22) of the players would be classified as high risk for injuries. The percentage of those presenting skin temperature imbalances superior to 0.5 °C was 52.5% (n = 31). The skin temperature assessment showed sensitivity (22%) and specificity (32.2%) to identify torque asymmetries, demonstrating the inability to identify false negatives (15.3%) and false positives (30.5%) from all soccer athletes. In conclusion, skin temperature differences between hamstrings and quadriceps could be more related to thermoregulatory factors than strength imbalances.

scholarly journals Concentric and eccentric isokinetic hamstring injury risk among 582 professional elite soccer players: a 10-years retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000868
Author(s):  
Ricardo Lima Burigo ◽  
Robson Dias Scoz ◽  
Bruno Mazziotti de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Rubens Alexandre da Silva ◽  
Cesar Augusto Melo-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Isokinetic Test ◽  
Clinical Records

Background/AimDifferent authors have tried to correlate the peak isokinetic torque values with the incidence of soccer match injuries. However, due to the wide variety of assessment testing protocols, such an inference becomes difficult. This study aimed to verify the capacity of an isokinetic test to establish injury risk reference values for hamstring strain injuries.MethodsA retrospective cohort study based on isokinetic data and clinical records from the last 10 years was conducted in 582 Brazilian elite-professional soccer players, who were subjected to the same isokinetic test protocol, machine, and tester. A Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis for Complex Data Sampling was used to generate injury risk statistical indexes.ResultsMultivariate regression analysis of both legs provided important data to identify the cut-off values of Concentric Peak Torque (181.82 Newton/*metres), Concentric Work (236.23 watts) and Concentric Power (130.11 joules).ConclusionsThe injury risk indexes indicate that an increase of just one Newton unit in CPT (Concentric Peak Torque) and CJ (Concentric Power) above those cut-off values, can reduce the risk of future injuries by 2% and 2.7%, respectively.

scholarly journals The Determination of the Relationship Between Isokinetic Leg Strengths and Agility and Speed Performance of Elite Handball Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zait Burak Aktuğ ◽  
Aykut Dündar ◽  
Fatih Murathan ◽  
Rüçhan İri
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
High Weight ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Bmi

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between isokinetic hamstring and quadriceps muscle strengths and agility and speed performance of elite male handball players. 15 male handball players participated in the study. The isokinetic leg forces of the handball players participating in the study were determined by isokinetic dynamometer, the agility performances by Ilionis and 505 agility test, and the speed performances by photocell. As a result of the analysis, there was no statistically significant relationship between isokinetic dominant and non-dominant leg hamstring and quadriceps peak torque forces and agility and speed performance at 60°s-1 and 400°s-1 angular speeds (p <0.05). As a result, it can be stated that there is no relation between hamstring and quadriceps muscle strength and speed and agility performances of handball players. This may be related to the requirements and physical characteristics of the handball branch (tall height, high weight, high BMI).

scholarly journals Isokinetic assessment of knee flexor/extensor muscular strength in elderly women

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos de Amorim Aquino ◽  
Luiz Eugênio Garcez Leme ◽  
Marco Martins Amatuzzi ◽  
Júlia Maria D'Andréa Greve ◽  
Antônio Sérgio A.P. Terreri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Knee Flexor ◽  
Torque Values

OBJECTIVE: To assess knee flexor-extensor muscular strength in elderly women with no previous history of musculoskeletal disorders on the lower limbs using an isokinetic dynamometer, in order to obtain data that could be used as a comparative parameter in the evaluation of elderly women with knee disorders, thus facilitating a better rehabilitation of these patients. METHODS: Twenty-six volunteers aged 75 to 83 years were studied using a Cybex® 6000 isokinetic dynamometer. The chosen angular velocity was 60 º/s, and concentric exercise was used for either flexion or extension. The studied parameters were: peak torque, angle of peak torque, and flexor-extensor torque rate. RESULTS: There were no differences between dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) knee peak torque values. This was true for both flexor (D = 42.46 ± 9.09 Nm / ND = 40.65 ± 9.38 Nm) and extensor (D = 76.92 ± 13.97 Nm / ND = 77.65 ± 15.21 Nm) movements. The descriptive statistical analysis of the values obtained for the flexor-extensor peak torque rate and for the angle of occurrence of peak torque was the same for the dominant and nondominant sides. CONCLUSIONS: The values of peak torque for the contralateral side can be used as a reference during rehabilitation of elderly women with acute disease of the knee, and the angular velocity of 60 º/s is proper and safe for isokinetic assessment of elderly people.

scholarly journals Evaluating injury risk in first and second league professional Portuguese soccer: muscular strength and asymmetry

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Carvalho ◽  
Scott Brown ◽  
Eduardo Abade
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Bilateral Asymmetry ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Maximal Peak ◽  
The Right

AbstractStrength imbalances between the hamstrings and quadriceps are an essential predictor for hamstring strain in soccer. The study aimed to investigate and compare the muscle strength imbalances of professional soccer players of different performance levels. One hundred and fifty nine senior male professional soccer players from first (n = 75) and second league (n = 84) Portuguese clubs participated in this study. Muscle strength was evaluated with a REV9000 isokinetic dynamometer. Maximal peak torque data were used to calculate quadriceps and hamstrings strength during concentric and eccentric actions, bilateral asymmetry, conventional strength ratios and dynamic control ratios. Second league athletes produced slightly lower conventional strength ratios in the right and left legs (ES = 0.22, p = 0.17 and ES = 0.36, p = 0.023, respectively) compared to the first league athletes. No significant differences were found in dynamic control ratios or in bilateral asymmetry among first and second league athletes. These findings do not show a clear link between the competitive level and injury risk in soccer players. However, some of the differences found, particularly in conventional strength ratios, highlight the importance of performing off-season and pre-season strength assessments to prescribe and adjust individual strength training programs among professional soccer players.

scholarly journals Intra- and Inter-Limb Strength Asymmetry in Soccer: A Comparison of Professional and Under-18 Players

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Chris Bishop ◽  
Giuseppe Coratella ◽  
Marco Beato
Keyword(s):  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Strength Asymmetry ◽  
Limb Asymmetry ◽  
Limb Dominance ◽  
Anterior Posterior

(1) Background: the present study examined the isokinetic peak torque exerted by both knee extensors and flexors, anterior–posterior imbalance and the magnitude and direction of inter-limb asymmetry in professional and academy soccer players. (2) Methods: one hundred soccer players (professional = 50, elite academy = 50) volunteered to take part in this investigation. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure the knee extensor (quadriceps) and flexors muscle (hamstrings) torques of the limbs as well as inter-limb asymmetries—using a standard percentage difference equation. (3) Results: professional players exhibited significantly greater (effect size [ES] = large) strength levels in the quadriceps and hamstrings under both testing conditions, significantly higher (small to moderate) intra-limb ratio values for 60°·s−1 but not for the 300°·s−1 test condition, significantly (small to moderate) lower inter-limb asymmetry values for all test conditions, with the exception of the hamstrings at 60°·s−1 and the direction of asymmetry was poor to slight, indicating that limb dominance was rarely the same between groups. (4) Conclusions: this study shows that isokinetic assessments, i.e., peak torque exerted by both knee extensors and flexors and intra-limb ratio, and the subsequent inter-limb asymmetry, i.e., magnitude and direction, can differentiate between professional and academy soccer players.

scholarly journals Association between functional balance and knee extensors strength in people with Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32367
Author(s):  
Sacha Clael ◽  
Filipe Dinato De Lima ◽  
Elaine Cristina da Silva Brandão ◽  
Jhonatan Conrado Rodrigues ◽  
Camila Wells Damato Marcelino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Yahr Scale

Aims: The aim of this study is to verify if there is a correlation between functional balance and muscular strength of knee extensors in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.Methods: The sample consisted of 28 volunteers with Parkinson’s disease (age: 65.43±8.48 years, height: 1.68±0.10 cm, weight: 71.50±13.27 kg) classified on the modified Hoehn & Yahr scale. The Four Step Square Test and the isokinetic dynamometer were used to evaluate the dynamic balance and muscular strength of knee extensors, respectively.Results: The peak torque shows a moderate, negative and significant correlation with the Four Step Square Test (right knee: r=-0.471 and p=0.012; left knee: r=-0.444 and p=0.018).Conclusions: There is a negative, moderate and significant association between muscular strength of knee extensors and dynamic balance in Parkinson’s disease individuals.

scholarly journals ABDOMINAL/ADDUCTOR STRENGTH IMBALANCE IN SOCCER PLAYERS WITH OSTEITIS PUBIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e33-e40
Author(s):  
Walaa S. Mohammad ◽  
Walaa M. Elsais
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Eccentric Contraction ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Osteitis Pubis ◽  
Muscle Imbalance ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Healthy Control

Background and Objective The muscle imbalance between abdominal and hip adductor muscles as an etiology for osteitis pubis is not well understood. The concept of a relationship between eccentric/concentric ratios at the pelvis and osteitis pubis in athletes is limited. This study aimed to compare the eccentric/concentric ratios for abdominal/adductor, abdominal/back, and hip adductor muscles as well as eccentric abdominal/eccentric adductor muscles in soccer players suffering from osteitis pubis with those in healthy athletes. Material and Methods Twenty male soccer athletes with osteitis pubis were recruited to participate and 20 healthy male soccer athletes were recruited to participate. Peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) for the hip adductor, abdominal, and back muscles during isokinetic concentric and eccentric contraction modes at a speed of 180°/s was recorded for healthy players and soccer athletes with osteitis pubis. Eccentric/concentric ratios for the abdominal/adductor, abdominal/back, and hip adductor muscles and the eccentric abdominal/eccentric adductor muscles were measured for both groups. Results There was a significant decrease in the eccentric abdominal/concentric hip adductor muscles ratio (p = 0.000) and in the eccentric/concentric hip adductor muscles ratio (p = 0.016) between the osteitis pubis and the healthy control groups. Conclusion Soccer players with osteitis pubis present with strength imbalance. The osteitis pubis group displayed eccentric weakness of the abdominal and adductor muscles, resulting in imbalances in the normal eccentric abdominal/concentric adductor and eccentric/concentric adductor ratios. Therefore, exercises that increase the eccentric strength of abdominal and hip adductor muscles may be beneficial to include in rehabilitation programmes of patients with osteitis pubis.

scholarly journals Influence of Fatigue on the Rapid Hamstring/Quadriceps Force Capacity in Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshan Zhang ◽  
Baptiste Morel ◽  
Robin Trama ◽  
Christophe A. Hautier
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Professional Soccer

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of fatigue on maximal and rapid force capacities and muscular activation of the knee extensors and flexors. Seventeen professional soccer players volunteered to participate in this study. Peak torque (Tpeak) and rate of torque development (RTD) of knee flexor (90°. s–1, −30°. s–1) and extensor (90°. s–1) muscles were measured before and after fatigue (i.e., 30 maximal knee extension and flexion repetitions at 180°s–1) performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. Hamstring to quadriceps peak strength and RTD ratios were calculated. Besides, using surface EMG, the mean level of activation (RMSmean), Rate of EMG Rise (RER), and EMG Frequency-Time maps were measured on quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Following fatigue, Tpeak, RTD, RER declined significantly in the two muscle groups (all p &lt; 0.05) without modification of RMSmean. No decrease in conventional and functional H/Q ratios was observed after fatigue except for a significant increase in the Hecc30/Qcon180 ratios (1.03 ± 0.19 vs. 1.36 ± 0.33, p &lt; 0.001). Besides, the RTD H/Q ratios decreased significantly after fatigue, and the statistical parametric mapping analysis (SPM) performed on the EMG/angle curves, and EMG Frequency-Time maps showed that fatigue strongly influenced the muscle activation during the first 100 ms of the movement, following the higher EMG frequency component shift toward the lower frequency component. Our results show that the reduction of RTD and RER during the first 100 ms of the contraction after fatigue exercise makes more sense than any H/Q ratio modification in understanding injury risk in soccer players.

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