scholarly journals Concentric and eccentric isokinetic hamstring injury risk among 582 professional elite soccer players: a 10-years retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000868
Author(s):  
Ricardo Lima Burigo ◽  
Robson Dias Scoz ◽  
Bruno Mazziotti de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Rubens Alexandre da Silva ◽  
Cesar Augusto Melo-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Isokinetic Test ◽  
Clinical Records

Background/AimDifferent authors have tried to correlate the peak isokinetic torque values with the incidence of soccer match injuries. However, due to the wide variety of assessment testing protocols, such an inference becomes difficult. This study aimed to verify the capacity of an isokinetic test to establish injury risk reference values for hamstring strain injuries.MethodsA retrospective cohort study based on isokinetic data and clinical records from the last 10 years was conducted in 582 Brazilian elite-professional soccer players, who were subjected to the same isokinetic test protocol, machine, and tester. A Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis for Complex Data Sampling was used to generate injury risk statistical indexes.ResultsMultivariate regression analysis of both legs provided important data to identify the cut-off values of Concentric Peak Torque (181.82 Newton/*metres), Concentric Work (236.23 watts) and Concentric Power (130.11 joules).ConclusionsThe injury risk indexes indicate that an increase of just one Newton unit in CPT (Concentric Peak Torque) and CJ (Concentric Power) above those cut-off values, can reduce the risk of future injuries by 2% and 2.7%, respectively.

scholarly journals Does choice of athletic footwear affect musculoskeletal injury risk in US Coast Guard recruits? A retrospective cohort study.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J Fraser ◽  
Ryan Pommier ◽  
Andrew J MacGregor ◽  
Amy B Silder ◽  
Todd C Sander
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Athletic Footwear

Context: Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are ubiquitous during initial entry military training, with overuse injuries in the lower extremities the most frequent. A common mechanism for overuse injuries is running, an activity that is an integral part of United States Coast Guard (USCG) training and a requirement for graduation. Objective: Assess the effects of athletic footwear choice on lower quarter MSKI risk in USCG recruits. Design: Descriptive Epidemiological Study Setting: USCG Training Center, Cape May, NJ Participants: A retrospective cohort study was performed in which 1229 recruits (1038 males, 191 females) were allowed to self-select athletic footwear during training. A group of 2876 recruits (2260 males, 616 females) who trained under a policy that required obligatory wear of prescribed athletic shoes served as a control. Main Outcome Measures: Demographic data and physical performance were derived from administrative records. Injury data were abstracted from a medical tracking database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess group, age, sex, height, body mass, and run times on MSKI outcomes. Results: Ankle-foot, leg, knee and lumbopelvic-hip complex diagnoses were ubiquitous in both groups (experimental: 20.37 to 29.34 per 1000 recruits; control: 18.08 to 25.59 per 1000 recruits). Group was not a significant factor for any of the injuries assessed. Sex was a significant factor in all injury types, with female recruits demonstrating ~2.00 greater odds of experiencing running-related injuries (RRIs), overuse injuries, or any MSKI in general. When considering ankle-foot or bone stress injuries, the risk in female recruits was 3.73 to 4.11 greater odds than their male counterparts. Run time was a significant predictor in RRI, all overuse injuries, and for any MSKI in general. Conclusion: While footwear choice did not influence MSKI risk in USCG recruits, female sex was a primary, nonmodifiable intrinsic risk factor.

scholarly journals Association of metabolic syndrome with glioblastoma: a retrospective cohort study and review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-548
Author(s):  
Lisa R Rogers ◽  
Quinn T Ostrom ◽  
Julia Schroer ◽  
Jaime Vengoechea ◽  
Li Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome is identified as a risk factor for the development of several systemic cancers, but its frequency among patients with glioblastoma and its association with clinical outcomes have yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for and affecting survival in glioblastoma patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study, consisting of patients with diagnoses at a single institution between 2007 and 2013, was conducted. Clinical records were reviewed, and clinical and laboratory data pertaining to 5 metabolic criteria were extrapolated. Overall survival was determined by time from initial surgical diagnosis to date of death or last follow-up. Results The frequency of metabolic syndrome among patients diagnosed with glioblastoma was slightly greater than the frequency of metabolic syndrome among the general population. Within a subset of patients (n = 91) receiving the full schedule of concurrent radiation and temozolomide and adjuvant temozolomide, median overall survival was significantly shorter for patients with metabolic syndrome compared with those without. In addition, the presence of all 5 elements of the metabolic syndrome resulted in significantly decreased median survival in these patients. Conclusions We identified the metabolic syndrome at a slightly higher frequency in patients with diagnosed glioblastoma compared with the general population. In addition, metabolic syndrome with each of its individual components is associated with an overall worse prognosis in patients receiving the standard schedule of radiation and temozolomide after adjustment for age.

scholarly journals Development of a preoperative index-based nomogram for the prediction of hypokalemia in patients with pituitary adenoma: a retrospective cohort study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11650
Author(s):  
Wenpeng Li ◽  
Lexiang Zeng ◽  
Deping Han ◽  
Shanyi Zhang ◽  
Bingxi Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Nonlinear Association

Objective To develop and validate a preoperative index-based nomogram for the prediction of hypokalemia in patients with pituitary adenoma (PA). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 205 patients with PAs between January 2013 and April 2020 in the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China. The patients were randomly classified into either a training set (N = 143 patients) and a validation set (N = 62 patients) at a ratio of 7:3. Variables, which were identified by using the LASSO regression model were included for the construction of a nomogram, and a logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in the training set. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram for predicting hypokalemia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with a restricted cubic spline analysis was conducted to identify a potential nonlinear association between the preoperative index and hypokalemia. Results The incidence of hypokalemia was 38.05%. Seven preoperative indices were identified for the construction of the nomogram: age, type of PA, weight, activated partial thromboplastin time, urea, eosinophil percentage, and plateletocrit. The AUCs of the nomogram for predicting hypokalemia were 0.856 (95% CI [0.796–0.915]) and 0.652 (95% CI [0.514–0.790]) in the training and validation sets, respectively. Restricted cubic splines demonstrated that there was no nonlinear association between hypokalemia and the selected variables. Conclusion In this study, we constructed a preoperative indices-based nomogram that can assess the risk of hypokalemia after the surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas. This nomogram may also help to identify high risk patients who require close monitoring of serum potassium.

scholarly journals D6 blastocyst transfer on day 6 in frozen-thawed cycles should be avoided: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Xu ◽  
Shumin Qiu ◽  
Xiaojing Chen ◽  
Suqin Zhu ◽  
Yan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Blastocyst Transfer ◽  
Miscarriage Rate

Abstract Background There is no definitive evidence about the suitable timing to transfer blastocysts formed and cryopreserved on day 6 (D6 blastocysts) in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. This study aimed to investigate the suitable timing to transfer D6 blastocysts in FET cycles and to identify factors affecting clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and early miscarriage rate (EMR) in FET cycles with blastocysts. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 1788 FET cycles with blastocysts. There were 518 cycles with D6 blastocysts, and 1270 cycles with blastocysts formed and cryopreserved on day 5 (D5 blastocysts) (D5 group). According to the blastocyst transfer timing, the cycles with D6 blastocysts were divided into cycles with D6 blastocysts transferred on day 5 (D6-on-D5 group, 103 cycles) and cycles with D6 blastocysts transferred on day 6 (D6-on-D6 group, 415 cycles). The chi-square test, independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results The CPR and implantation rate (IR) were significantly higher in the D6-on-D5 group than in the D6-on-D6 group (55.3% vs. 37.3%, 44.8% vs. 32.6%, P < 0.01). The CPR and IR were significantly higher in the D5 group than in the D6-on-D5 group (66.0% vs. 55.3%, 62.1% vs. 44.8%, P < 0.05), and the EMR was significantly lower in the D5 group than in the D6-on-D5 group (11.2% vs. 21.1%, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that transfer D6 blastocysts on day 5, instead of day 6, could significantly increase the CPR (odds ratio[OR]: 2.031, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.296–3.182, P = 0.002). FET cycles with D6 blastocysts transferred on day 5 had a higher EMR than those with D5 blastocysts (OR: 2.165, 95% CI: 1.040–4.506, P = 0.039). Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycles exhibited a higher EMR than natural cycles (OR: 1.953, 95% CI: 1.254–3.043, P = 0.003), while no difference was observed in the CPR (P > 0.05). Conclusions These results indicate that the suitable timing to transfer D6 blastocysts in FET cycles may be day 5, and D6 blastocyst transfer on day 6 in FET cycles should be avoided. D6 blastocysts transfer and HRT cycles may be associated with a higher EMR.

scholarly journals Association Between Use of Preoperative Antihypertensive Medication and 90-Day Mortality After Noncardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-542
Author(s):  
Chami Im ◽  
Tak Kyu Oh ◽  
In-Ae Song
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Abstract Background This study aimed to determine whether use of preoperative antihypertensive medication is associated with postoperative 90-day mortality in the hypertensive adult population that underwent elective noncardiac surgery. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, medical records of preoperative hypertensive patients who underwent noncardiac surgery at a single tertiary academic hospital from 2012 to 2018 were reviewed. Among the hypertensive patients, those prescribed to take antihypertensive medication continuously for more than 1 month before admission were defined as the HTN MED group; others were defined as the non-HTN MED group. Multiple imputation, propensity score (PS) matching, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results Overall, 35,589 preoperative hypertensive adult patients (HTN MED group: 26,154 patients, non-HTN MED group: 9,435 patients) were included in the analysis. After PS matching, each group comprised 6,205 patients; thus, 12,410 patients were included in the final analysis. The odds for 90-day mortality of the HTN MED group in the PS-matched cohort were 41% lower (odds ratio: 0.59, 95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.85; P = 0.005) than those of the non-HTN MED group. Comparable results were obtained in the multivariable logistic regression analysis of the entire cohort (odds ratio: 0.54, 95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.72; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions This study showed that the use of preoperative antihypertensive medication was associated with lower 90-day mortality among hypertensive patients who underwent noncardiac surgery. Therefore, preoperative screening and treatment with appropriate antihypertensive medication are important for hypertensive patients.

Association Between Serum Albumin and Mortality in Older People With Dysphagia: a Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaigai Li ◽  
Tongtao Fan ◽  
Xun Zhou ◽  
Xunrui Hou ◽  
Yuheng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
High Group ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Objective: To determine whether there is a link between serum albumin and mortality among participants in Japan older people.Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study analysis of 253 older patients with dysphagia from Japan, conducted from January 2014 and January 2017. The primary outcome was mortality. We performed Cox regression analysis to compare the mortality between the two groups (dividing by serum albumin=3g/dl).Results: A total of 253 patients were included in the analysis, of whom the number of serum albumin under 3g/dl was 93. The log-rank test showed a significantly longer mortality in the high group (serum albumin >=3g/dl) compared with the low group (median, 382 vs 176 days, P < 0.0001). Cox regression analysis showed that unadjusted HR for the high group relative to the low group was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.29–0.57; P <0.001). After adjustment 3 models in multivariable analyses, serum albumn was significantly associated with mortality. The adjusted HRs (95% CI) for total mortality rates were 0.46 (0.33~0.65) , 0.66 (0.44~0.99) and 0.64 (0.42~0.97), from model 2 to model 4.Conclusion: There is negative association between serum albumin and mortality in older people with dysphagia.

Inhaled Albuterol Use and Impaired Lactate Clearance in Patients With Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 088506661990109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Maeda ◽  
Janvi Paralkar ◽  
Toshiki Kuno ◽  
Paru Patrawalla
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression

Background: Lactate clearance has become important in the management of sepsis. However, factors unrelated to sepsis-induced hyperlactatemia, including β-2 adrenergic agonists, can interfere with lactate clearance. Objectives: To investigate the association of inhaled albuterol with lactate clearance in patients with sepsis. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. Adult patients with sepsis diagnosed in the emergency department from May 2015 to May 2016 with initial lactate levels >2 mmol/L and serial lactate measurements 2 to 6 hours apart were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they received inhaled albuterol between lactate measurements. The primary end point was lactate clearance of 10%. Secondary end points included intensive care unit (ICU) consultation and in-hospital mortality. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of inhaled albuterol on lactate clearance. Results: Of 269 patients included, 58 (22%) received inhaled albuterol between lactate measurements. This group had a significantly higher prevalence of pulmonary disease and a lower initial lactate compared to those who did not receive inhaled albuterol. They had a significantly lower rate of lactate clearance (45% vs 77%, P < .001); however, ICU consultation (71% vs 57%, P = .066) and in-hospital mortality (19% vs 22%, P = .64) were not significantly different. A multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, chronic kidney disease, cirrhosis, cancer, septic shock or severe sepsis, and the amount of intravenous fluids received showed that inhaled albuterol was independently associated with impaired lactate clearance (adjusted odds ratio: 0.26, 95% confidence interval: 0.14-0.50, P < .001). Conclusions: Inhaled albuterol in patients with sepsis was associated with impaired lactate clearance without an increase in ICU consultation or in-hospital mortality. Impaired lactate clearance in patients with sepsis who receive inhaled albuterol should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Obesity and the Incidence of Bladder Injury and Urinary Retention Following Tension-Free Vaginal Tape Procedure: Retrospective Cohort Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Revicky ◽  
Sambit Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Frances de Boer ◽  
Edward P. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Bladder Injury ◽  
Previous Surgery ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Tvt Procedure

Background/Aims. Aim of the study was to establish an effect of obesity on the incidence of bladder injury or urinary retention following tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure.Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study based at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital in the UK. Study population included 342 cases of TVT procedures. Incidence of bladder injury was 4.7% (16/342). Rate of urinary retention was 9% (31/342). Body mass index (BMI), age, type of analgesia, concomitant prolapse repair, and previous surgery were factors studied. Univariate analysis was performed to establish a relationship between BMI and complications, followed by a multivariable regression analysis to adjust for age, concomitant surgery, type of analgesia, and previous surgery.Results. Neither univariate analysis nor multivariate regression analysis revealed any statistically significant influence of obesity on the incidence of bladder injury or urinary retention. Unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for bladder injury and urinary retention by BMI groups were OR 1.7296 CI 0.4818–6.2097; OR 1.3745 CI 0.5718–3.3043 and adj. OR 2.885 CI 0.603–13.8; adj. OR 1.299 CI 0.502–3.365.Conclusion. Obesity does not appear to influence the rate of bladder injury or urinary retention following TVT procedure.

scholarly journals Role of the Mechanisms of Detection in the Increased Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study in an HMO in Buenos Aires

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
María Fabiana Russo Picasso ◽  
Jimena Vicens ◽  
Carina Giuliani ◽  
Ana del Valle Jaén ◽  
Carmen Cabezón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Incident Cases

Background. Two hypotheses attempt to explain the increase of thyroid cancer (TC) incidence: overdetection by excessive diagnostic scrutiny and a true increase in new cases brought about by environmental factors. Changes in the mechanism of detection and the risk of incidentally diagnosed TC could result in an increase of TC incidence. Methods. Retrospective cohort study. We identified incident cases of TC from the pathological reports of patients in a HMO and review of clinical records. The results were analyzed in two periods: 2003-2007 and 2008-2012. Incidence rates expressed per 100,000 person-years (with 95% CI) and relative risk of incidence rates of incidental and nonincidental TC were estimated. Results. The relative risk of incidentally detecting a thyroid cancer in 2008-2012 compared to 2003-2007 was 6.06 (95%CI 1.84-20.04). Clinical evaluations detected 31 (75.6%) cancers in the period 2003-2007 and 70 (51.8%) cancers in the period 2008-2012 (p<0.007). Although tumor median size was significantly lower in the period 2008-2012 (10 vs. 14 mm, p<0.03), tumors greater than 40 mm (4.3%) were only present in 2008-2012. The female/male ratio decreased between analyzed periods from 8 (3-21) to 4 (3-7). Conclusions. Our findings partially support the hypothesis of increased incidence due to overdetection but do not explain the changes in the increase of larger tumors and decrease in the female/male ratio, which could be secondary to the influence of unidentified environmental factors.

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