The Effect of Disc Surface Topography on the Dry Gross Fretting Wear of an Equal-Hardness Steel Pair

Experimental investigations were carried out with an Optimol SRV5 tribological tester in a flat-on-sphere scheme. The balls co-acted with the discs in a gross sliding fretting regime. The balls and discs were made from the same steel with a very similar hardness. Tests were conducted at 25–35% relative humidity, 30 °C, and a constant normal load and number of cycles (18,000). The discs had different textures after various machining treatments. It was found that the total wear level of the tribological assembly was proportional to the disc surface amplitude. The influence of the disc roughness on the coefficient of friction was evident only for the smallest stroke of 0.1 mm, and the frequency of oscillation affected this dependency.

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THE EFFECT OF SURFACE TEXTURE OF STEEL DISC ON FRICTION AND FRETTING WEAR

Tribologia ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0012.7527 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 280 (4) ◽

pp. 39-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Agnieszka LENART ◽

Paweł PAWLUS ◽

Andrzej DZIERWA ◽

Mirosław TUPAJ

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Surface Texture ◽

Normal Load ◽

Fretting Wear ◽

Surface Textures ◽

Steel Disc ◽

42Crmo4 Steel ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Effect Of Surface

Fretting tests were performed using an Optimol SRV5 tribotester in a ball-on-flat scheme. Balls from 100Cr6 steel of 60 HRC hardness and diameters of 10 mm co-acted with discs from 42CrMo4 steel of 47 HRC hardness under dry gross fretting conditions. Tests were performed at 300C and 25–35% relative humidity, and the number of cycles was 18000. During each test, the normal load was kept constant. Six sets of experiments were conducted. Discs had different surface textures as the result of machining. It was found that the lowest coefficients of friction were obtained for anisotropic surfaces when ball movements were perpendicular to main disc texture directions.

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Fretting wear rate of sulphur deficient MoSx coatings based on dissipated energy

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2001.0489 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 3567-3574 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xiaoling Zhang ◽

W. Lauwerens ◽

L. Stals ◽

Jiawen He ◽

J-P. Celis

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Wear Rate ◽

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Contact Stress ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Fretting Wear ◽

Dissipated Energy ◽

Wear Volume ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Crystallographic Orientations

The fretting wear of sulphur-deficient MoSx coatings with different crystallographic orientations has been investigated in ambient air of controlled relative humidity. The coefficient of friction and the wear rate of MoSx coatings sliding against corundum depend not only on fretting parameters like contact stress, fretting frequency, and relative humidity, but also strongly on the crystallographic orientation of the coatings. For randomly oriented MoSx coatings, the coefficient of friction and the wear rate increased significantly with increasing relative humidity. In contrast, basal-oriented MoSx coatings were less sensitive to relative humidity. The coefficient of friction of both types of MoSx coatings decreased on sliding against corundum with increasing contact stress and decreasing fretting frequency. A correlation between dissipated energy and wear volume is proposed. This approach allows detection in a simple way of differences in fretting wear resistance between random- and basal-oriented MoSx coatings tested in ambient air of different relative humidity.

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The Effect of Surface Texture on Lubricated Fretting

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13214886 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 4886

Author(s):

Agnieszka Lenart ◽

Pawel Pawlus ◽

Andrzej Dzierwa ◽

Slawomir Wos ◽

Rafal Reizer

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Surface Texture ◽

Friction And Wear ◽

Normal Load ◽

Disc Surface ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

42Crmo4 Steel ◽

Ball Diameter ◽

Steel Balls ◽

Effect Of Surface

Experiments were conducted using an Optimol SRV5 tester in lubricated friction conditions. Steel balls from 100Cr6 material of 60 HRC hardness were placed in contact with 42CrMo4 steel discs of 47 HRC hardness and diversified surface textures. Tests were carried out at a 25–40% relative humidity. The ball diameter was 10 mm, the amplitude of oscillations was set to 0.1 mm, and the frequency was set to 80 Hz. Tests were performed at smaller (45 N) and higher (100 N) normal loads and at smaller (30 °C) and higher (90 °C) temperatures. During each test, the normal load and temperature were kept constant. We found that the disc surface texture had significant effects on the friction and wear under lubricated conditions. When a lower normal load was applied, the coefficient of friction and wear volumes were smaller for bigger disc surface heights. However, for a larger normal load a higher roughness corresponded to a larger coefficient of friction.

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Fretting Wear Performance of PVD Thin Films

10.5772/intechopen.93460 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Brahim Tlili

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Normal Load ◽

High Surface ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Hard Coatings ◽

Displacement Amplitude ◽

Fretting Wear ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Multilayer Coatings ◽

Ambient Conditions

Nowadays, most surface treatments are realized through vapor deposition techniques as thin hard coatings to guarantee high surface hardness, low friction coefficient, and improve wear resistance. Several experimental investigations have led to the development of multilayer coatings in preference to the traditional TiN coating. In the current chapter, research was conducted on the fretting wear of (TiAlCN/TiAlN/TiAl) and (TiAlZrN/TiAlN/TiAl) multilayer coatings deposited by reactive DC (magnetron sputtering) of Ti-Al and Ti-Al-Zr alloys on AISI4140 steel. Fretting wear tests (20,000 cycles at 5 Hz) were conducted in ambient conditions, where the interaction between normal load and displacement amplitude determined the fretting regime. The influence of the normal load and displacement amplitude on the coefficients of instantaneous coefficient of friction and stabilized coefficient of friction is different in the two multilayer, coated steels. The PVD coating (TiAlZrN/TiAlN/TiAl) reduces the friction. The worn volume of coated AISI4140 steel is sensitive to normal load and displacement amplitude. The relation between worn volume and cumulative dissipated energy was established for the two coated steels. The energetic fretting wear coefficients were also determined. A multilayer (TiAlZrN/TiAlN/TiAl) coating has a low energetic wear coefficient.

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A Clue to Understand Environmental Influence on Friction and Wear of Diamond-Like Nanocomposite Thin Film

Advances in Tribology ◽

10.1155/2013/352387 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sukhendu Jana ◽

Sayan Das ◽

Utpal Gangopadhyay ◽

Anup Mondal ◽

Prajit Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Environmental Influence ◽

Normal Load ◽

Interpenetrating Network ◽

Wear Factor ◽

Wear And Friction ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Effect Of Surface ◽

Ball On Disc

The wear and friction of diamond-like nanocomposite (DLN) film have been investigated in air with different relative humidity (RH), under deionized (DI) water and saline solution. The structure of the film has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result shows two interpenetrating network structure: a–C:H and a–Si:O, and they are interpenetrated by Si–C bonding. The tribological performance has been measured using ball-on-disc tribometer with tungsten carbide ball as counterbody at 10 N normal load. Results show that with increasing relative humidity (RH) from 35% to 80%, the coefficient of friction (COF) increases gradually from 0.005 to 0.074, whereas with increasing RH the wear factor decreases from9.8×10−8 mm3/Nm and attains a minimum value of2.7×10−8 mm3/Nm at 50% RH. With further increase of RH the wear factor increases again. Moreover, in DI water and especially in saline solution, both the COF and wear factor have been found to be significantly low. A clue has been interpreted to understand environmental dependency, considering the effect of surface dangling bonds, charge transfer, and chemical interactions.

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THE EFFECT OF WEAR DEBRIS REMOVAL ON THE FRETTING OF ROUGH SURFACES

Tribologia ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.5993 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 47-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agnieszka LENART ◽

Paweł PAWLUS ◽

Andrzej DZIERWA ◽

Sławomir WOŚ

Keyword(s):

Normal Load ◽

Test Duration ◽

Wear Particles ◽

Tribological System ◽

Total Wear ◽

Debris Removal ◽

42Crmo4 Steel ◽

Rough Milling ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Ball On Disc

Experiments were conducted using an Optimol SRV5 ball-on-disc tribotester under dry gross slip fretting conditions. A sphere of 10 mm diameter from 100Cr6 steel of 64 HRC hardness contacted a disc made of 42CrMo4 steel of lower hardness (42 HRC). Normal load was set to 45 N, the test duration was 15 min, the number of cycles was 18000, and the frequency was 20 Hz. Tests were performed at 300C temperature, and displacement amplitude was set to 0.1 mm. Wear of the disc and ball was examined by a white light interferometer Talysurf CCI Lite. Wear particles were removed from a contact zone using blow-by with compressed air of constant pressures of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 MPa. Disc samples had different surface topography after polishing, vapour blasting, grinding, rough milling, and finishing milling. Due to debris removal, total wear of the analysed tribological system typically increased. Debris ejection led to a decrease in the wear of discs and an increase in the wear of balls.

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Fretting Behaviour of PACVD Deposited DLC Coatings Against Different Counter Bodies

World Tribology Congress III, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/wtc2005-64251 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

J. Palmers ◽

K. Vanhollebeke ◽

J. P. Celis ◽

T. Van der Donck

Keyword(s):

Normal Load ◽

Fretting Wear ◽

Wear Behaviour ◽

Mode I ◽

Mode Ii ◽

Tribological Behaviour ◽

Dlc Coatings ◽

Dlc Coating ◽

Layered Coatings ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction

The aim of this study was the investigation of the fretting wear of industrial and newly developed multi-layered coatings. The tribological behaviour of flat DLC coated specimens was investigated in fretting mode I and fretting mode II against different ball counterbodies namely, corundum, 100Cr6, and DLC coated 100Cr6 using a broad range of strokes, frequencies, and loads. From Fretting I a dependency of the wear behaviour with the type of DLC coating, and an influence of the normal load with the coefficient of friction was observed. Using Fretting mode II, an attempt was made to study the fatigue and toughness properties of the coatings.

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Nano-Hardness, Nano-Friction and Nano-Wear of Ultra-Thin Overcoats

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-356-737 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 356 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

D. B. Bogy ◽

Zhaoguo Jiang

Keyword(s):

Critical Load ◽

Normal Load ◽

Wear Test ◽

Indentation Hardness ◽

Fatigue Wear ◽

A Value ◽

Hardness Tests ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Protective Overcoats ◽

Made In

AbstractThin film magnetic disks require protective overcoats, usually some form of carbon, to guard against corrosion and wear from interaction with the read/write transducer. In current products these films are less than 25 nm in thickness. This paper summarizes developments using scanning probe microscopes with sharp diamond tips (15 – 100 nm radius) to obtain indentation hardness tests with 5 nm deep indentations. We discuss an accelerated wear test that can measure wear at depths on the order of 1 nm. Finally material characterizations related to friction over sub-micron scans are discussed.A novel observation has been made when studying the dependence of friction coefficient on normal load: below a critical load, which is material and tip dependent, no observable wear occurs, and the coefficient of friction is about 0.05. Above the critical load the coefficient is load dependent and increases to a value more usually associated with the materials being tested. A study of fatigue wear was made in the “no-wear” regime with three different results. For some materials, fatigue wear occurred with multiple passes, when none was apparent for a single pass. Other materials showed no fatigue wear, and one material, silicon, showed a build-up or “negative-wear” under multiple passes. Interpretations and implications of these results are discussed.

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Experimental Investigation of aluminum doping crumb rubber/epoxy composite in reciprocating motion

Journal of Communications Technology Electronics and Computer Science ◽

10.22385/jctecs.v3i0.12 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Goutam Chandra Karar ◽

Nipu Modak

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Epoxy Composite ◽

Normal Load ◽

Crumb Rubber ◽

The Other ◽

Reciprocating Motion ◽

Molding Process ◽

Friction Tester ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction

The experimental investigation of reciprocating motion between the aluminum doped crumb rubber /epoxy composite and the steel ball has been carried out under Reciprocating Friction Tester, TR-282 to study the wear and coefficient of frictions using different normal loads (0.4Kg, 0.7Kgand1Kg), differentfrequencies (10Hz, 25Hz and 40Hz).The wear is a function of normal load, reciprocating frequency, reciprocating duration and the composition of the material. The percentage of aluminum presents in the composite changesbut the other components remain the same.The four types of composites are fabricated by compression molding process having 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% Al. The effect of different parameters such as normal load, reciprocating frequency and percentage of aluminum has been studied. It is observed that the wear and coefficient of friction is influenced by the parameters. The tendency of wear goes on decreasing with the increase of normal load and it is minimum for a composite having 10%aluminum at a normal load of 0.7Kg and then goes on increasing at higher loads for all types of composite due to the adhesive nature of the composite. The coefficient of friction goes on decreasing with increasing normal loads due to the formation of thin film as an effect of heat generation with normal load.

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