scholarly journals Influence of the Surface Roughness of PEEK GRF30 and Ti6Al4V SLM on the Viability of Primary Human Osteoblasts Determined by the MTT Test

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Prochor ◽  
Żaneta Anna Mierzejewska
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
Primary Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Medical Materials ◽  
Clinical Conditions

The aim of the study was to clearly determine whether selected modern medical materials and three dimensional printing allow for satisfactory viability of human osteoblasts, which is important from the point of view of the subsequent osseointegration process. Moreover, as implants are produced with various topography, the influence of surface roughness on viability of bone cells was evaluated. To conduct the research, primary human osteoblasts (PromoCell) were used. Cells were seeded on samples of glass-reinforced polyetheretherketone (30% of the filling), Ti6Al4V manufactured with the use of selective laser melting technology and forged Ti6Al4V with appropriately prepared variable surface roughness. To assess the viability of the tested cells the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide was used. Results showed that all evaluated materials do not exhibit cytotoxic properties. Moreover, on their basis it can be concluded that there is a certain surface topography (designated i.a. as roughness equal to approx. Ra = 0.30 μm), which ensures the highest possible viability of human osteoblasts. On the basis of the received data, it can also be concluded that modern glass-reinforced polyetheretherketone or Ti6Al4V produced by rapid prototyping method allow to manufacture implants that should be effectively used in clinical conditions.

scholarly journals Quercetin Protects Primary Human Osteoblasts Exposed to Cigarette Smoke through Activation of the Antioxidative Enzymes HO-1 and SOD-1

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2348-2357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl F. Braun ◽  
Sabrina Ehnert ◽  
Thomas Freude ◽  
José T. Egaña ◽  
Thilo L. Schenck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Poor Bone Quality ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Primary Human Osteoblasts

Smokers frequently suffer from impaired fracture healing often due to poor bone quality and stability. Cigarette smoking harms bone cells and their homeostasis by increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether Quercetin, a naturally occurring antioxidant, can protect osteoblasts from the toxic effects of smoking. Human osteoblasts exposed to cigarette smoke medium (CSM) rapidly produced ROS and their viability decreased concentration- and time-dependently. Co-, pre- and postincubation with Quercetin dose-dependently improved their viability. Quercetin increased the expression of the anti-oxidative enzymes heme-oxygenase- (HO-) 1 and superoxide-dismutase- (SOD-) 1. Inhibiting HO-1 activity abolished the protective effect of Quercetin. Our results demonstrate that CSM damages human osteoblasts by accumulation of ROS. Quercetin can diminish this damage by scavenging the radicals and by upregulating the expression of HO-1 and SOD-1. Thus, a dietary supplementation with Quercetin could improve bone matter, stability and even fracture healing in smokers.

scholarly journals Affordable Three-Dimensional Printed Heart Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorka Gómez-Ciriza ◽  
Tomás Gómez-Cía ◽  
José Antonio Rivas-González ◽  
Mari Nieves Velasco Forte ◽  
Israel Valverde
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cardiac Device ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Dimensional Printing

This is a 7-years single institution study on low-cost cardiac three-dimensional (3D) printing based on the use of free open-source programs and affordable printers and materials. The process of 3D printing is based on several steps (image acquisition, segmentation, mesh optimization, slicing, and three-dimensional printing). The necessary technology and the processes to set up an affordable three-dimensional printing laboratory are hereby described in detail. Their impact on surgical and interventional planning, medical training, communication with patients and relatives, patients' perception on care, and new cardiac device development was analyzed. A total of 138 low-cost heart models were designed and printed from 2013 to 2020. All of them were from different congenital heart disease patients. The average time for segmentation and design of the hearts was 136 min; the average time for printing and cleaning the models was 13.5 h. The average production cost of the models was €85.7 per model. This is the most extensive series of 3D printed cardiac models published to date. In this study, the possibility of manufacturing three-dimensional printed heart models in a low-cost facility fulfilling the highest requirements from a technical and clinical point of view is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Surface Roughness Effect on the 3d Printed Butt Joints Strength

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kovan ◽  
G. Altan ◽  
E.S. Topal ◽  
H.E. Camurlu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thickness Effect ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dimensional Object

Three-dimensional printing or 3D printing (also called additive manufacturing) is any of various processes used to make a three-dimensional object. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technology commonly used for modelling, prototyping, and production applications. It is one of the techniques used for 3D printing. FDM is somewhat restricted in the size and the variation of shapes that may be fabricated. For parts too large to fit on a single build, for faster job builds with less support material, or for parts with finer features, sectioning and bonding FDM parts is a great solution. The strength of adhesive bonded FDM parts is affected by the surface roughness. In this study, the layer thickness effect on bonding strength is experimentally studied and the results are discussed.

Effect of bone sialoprotein coated three-dimensional printed calcium phosphate scaffolds on primary human osteoblasts

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 2565-2575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Klein ◽  
Andreas Baranowski ◽  
Ulrike Ritz ◽  
Hermann Götz ◽  
Sascha Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Sialoprotein ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Primary Human Osteoblasts

Influence of Surface Roughness on the Aerodynamic Losses of a Turbine Vane

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Matt Goodro ◽  
Phillip M. Ligrani ◽  
Ricardo Trindade ◽  
Sri Sreekanth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mach Number ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aerodynamic Loss ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
Turbine Vanes ◽  
Turbine Vane ◽  
Loss Coefficients ◽  
Aerodynamic Losses

The effects of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of a turbine vane are investigated for three Mach number distributions, one of which results in transonic flow. Four turbine vanes, each with the same shape and exterior dimensions, are employed with different rough surfaces. The nonuniform, irregular, three-dimensional roughness on the tested vanes is employed to match the roughness which exists on operating turbine vanes subject to extended operating times with significant particulate deposition on the surfaces. Wake profiles are measured for two different positions downstream the vane trailing edge. The contributions of varying surface roughness to aerodynamic losses, Mach number profiles, normalized kinetic energy profiles, Integrated Aerodynamics Losses (IAL), area-averaged loss coefficients, and mass-averaged loss coefficients are quantified. Total pressure losses, Mach number deficits, and deficits of kinetic energy all increase at each profile location within the wake as the size of equivalent sandgrain roughness increases, provided the roughness on the surfaces is uniform. Corresponding Integrated Aerodynamic Loss IAL magnitudes increase either as Mach numbers along the airfoil are higher, or as the size of surface roughness increases. Data are also provided which illustrate the larger loss magnitudes which are present with flow turning and cambered airfoils, than with symmetric airfoils. Also described are wake broadening, profile asymmetry, and effects of increased turbulent diffusion, variable surface roughness, and streamwise development.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of 3d Printed Parts Fabricated By Fdm using Three Different Materails

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 959-962
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Taguchi Design Of Experiment ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dimensional Printing

A tremendous research has been notices in the field of three dimensional printing. An experimental study has been carried out for three dimensional printing to analyses the surface roughness and ultimate tensile strength of three different materials. The study has been conducted using Taguchi design of experiment. from the study it has been depicted that the infill percentage has a significant effect on the output.

Influence of Surface Roughness on the Aerodynamic Losses of a Turbine Vane

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Matt Goodro ◽  
Phillip M. Ligrani ◽  
Ricardo Trindade ◽  
Sri Sreekanth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mach Number ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aerodynamic Loss ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
Turbine Vanes ◽  
Turbine Vane ◽  
Loss Coefficients ◽  
Aerodynamic Losses

The effects of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of a turbine vane are investigated for three Mach number distributions, one of which results in transonic flow and matches an arrangement employed in an industrial application. Four turbine vanes, each with the same shape and exterior dimensions, are employed with different rough surfaces. The non-uniform, irregular, three-dimensional roughness on the tested vanes is employed to match the roughness which exists on operating turbine vanes subject to extended operating times with significant particulate deposition on the surfaces. Wake profiles are measured for two different positions downstream the vane trailing edge. The contributions of varying surface roughness to aerodynamic losses, Mach number profiles, normalized kinetic energy profiles, Integrated Aerodynamics Losses (IAL), area-averaged loss coefficients, and mass-averaged loss coefficients are quantified. Total pressure losses, Mach number deficits, and deficits of kinetic energy all increase at each profile location within the wake as the size of equivalent sandgrain roughness increases, provided the roughness on the surfaces is uniform. Corresponding Integrated Aerodynamic Loss IAL magnitudes increase either as Mach numbers along the airfoil are higher, or as the size of surface roughness increases. Data are also provided which illustrate the larger loss magnitudes which are present with flow turning and cambered airfoils, than with symmetric airfoils. Also described are wake broadening, profile asymmetry, and effects of increased turbulent diffusion, variable surface roughness, and streamwise development.

A novel fast disintegrating tablet fabricated by three‐dimensional printing

2009 ◽  
Vol 00 (00) ◽  
pp. 090730035508060-7
Author(s):  
Deng-Guang Yu ◽  
Chris Branford-White ◽  
Yi-Cheng Yang ◽  
Li-Min Zhu ◽  
Edward William Welbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablet ◽  
Dimensional Printing
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document