scholarly journals Application of Ilmenite Mud Waste as an Addition to Concrete

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Chyliński ◽  
Krzysztof Kuczyński ◽  
Paweł Łukowski
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Reactive Material ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Hazardous Compounds ◽  
Potential Use

Storing waste in concrete instead of landfills is environmentally friendly and also might make concrete more sustainable if some part is replaced with cement. This article presents a new way of valorising hazardous waste, namely ilmenite MUD from the production of titanium dioxide, which is used as a reactive additive to concrete. In fact, there are currently no articles presenting the way of valorisation that is presented in this paper. The global annual production of MUD is estimated to be about 0.7 million tons. Valorisation is possible due to the additional rinsing and filtering in the factory, which also confirms the novelty of this article. In this operation, the most hazardous compounds are returned back to the factory process. Rinsed mud (RMUD) is a pozzolanic reactive material with the potential use as a substitute of a part of Portland cement in concrete and other cementitious binders, like siliceous fly ash (FA). The level of RMUD pozzolanic activity is as high as the activity of siliceous fly ash. Comparative tests of concretes containing RMUD and fly ash, such as compressive strength, bending strength and shrinkage, were conducted. The concrete containing RMUD reached almost 90% of compressive and 108% of bending strength after 28 days of curing, compared to FA concrete. The results presented in this article are very promising and might point to a new way of valorising ilmenite mud waste.

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF WATER AND AIR CURED PORTLAND CEMENT-FLY ASH-SILICA FUME MORTARS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2023-2030
Author(s):  
Arnon Chaipanich ◽  
Chalermphan Narattha ◽  
Watcharapong Wongkeo ◽  
Pailyn Thongsanitgarn
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume

scholarly journals The potential use of pumice in mine backfill

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Hefni
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Natural Pozzolan ◽  
Mine Backfill ◽  
Natural Pozzolans ◽  
Cemented Backfill ◽  
Compressive Strength Development ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract The use of natural pozzolans in concrete applications is gaining more attention because of the associated environmental, economic, and technical benefits. In this study, reference cemented mine backfill samples were prepared using Portland cement, and experimental samples were prepared by partially replacing Portland cement with 10 or 20 wt.% fly ash as a byproduct (artificial) pozzolan or pumice as a natural pozzolan. Samples were cured for 7, 14, and 28 days to investigate uniaxial compressive strength development. Backfill samples containing 10 wt.% pumice had almost a similar compressive strength as reference samples. There is strong potential for pumice to be used in cemented backfill to minimize costs, improve backfill properties, and promote the sustainability of the mining industry.

scholarly journals Production of ceramics from coal fly ash

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Angjusheva ◽  
Emilija Fidancevska ◽  
Vojo Jovanov
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Subject

Dense ceramics are produced from fly ash from REK Bitola, Republic of Macedonia. Four types of fly ash from electro filters and one from the collected zone with particles < 0.063 mm were the subject of this research. Consolidation was achieved by pressing (P= 133 MPa) and sintering (950, 1000, 1050 and 11000C and heating rates of 3 and 100/min). Densification was realized by liquid phase sintering and solid state reaction where diopside [Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)2O6] was formed. Ceramics with optimal properties (porosity 2.96?0.5%, bending strength - 47.01?2 MPa, compressive strength - 170 ?5 MPa) was produced at 1100?C using the heating rate of 10?C/min.

scholarly journals Hydration study of mechanically activated mixtures of Portland cement and fly ash

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Stefanovic ◽  
Ljubica Cojbasic ◽  
Zivko Sekulic ◽  
Srdjan Matijasevic
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Early Hydration ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Dta And Tg ◽  
Low Activity

Fly ash (FA) can be used in cement mixtures with certain limitations. The problem of the mentioned mixtures lies in the insufficient activity of the particles of FA in the reactions which are important for the establishment of the mechanical characteristics of cement. This is particularly true for the hydration reactions. As a result of this, cement pastes formed by mixing ash and clinker have worse characteristics compared to those of pure Portland cement (PC), especially in the early period of setting. As is well known, FA can be a good solution for the neutralization of the negative effects generated due to the creation of free Ca(OH)2 during the hydration of PC, provided that the problems with the low activity of FAare overcome. For the experiments in this study, a mixture of Portland cement and fly ash was used, the content of ash in the mixture being 30 % and 50 %. Mechanical activation was performed in a vibrating ring mill. The goal of this study was to demonstrate, through experimental results, that during the mechanical activation of a PC and FA mixture, the components in the mixture which mostly affect the direction, rate and range of hydration reactions occurring in the mixture had been activated. The values of the compressive strength of the activated and non-activated mixtures and the changes of their specific surface area proved that during the grinding process, the mixture PC+FA had been mechanically activated. The highest increase of compressive strength was achieved in the early period of setting, which indicates an improvement in the early hydration of the mixture. XRD, DTA and TG analyses showed that the alite (C3S) and belite (C2S) from the PC and a part of the fly ash were activated. .

scholarly journals Study of Proportional Variation of Geopolymer Concrete which Self Compacting Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Purwanto P. ◽  
Himawan Indarto
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Proportional Variation

Portland cement production process which is the conventional concrete constituent materials always has an impact on producing carbon dioxide (CO2) which will damage the environment. To maintain the continuity of development, while maintaining the environment, Portland cement substitution can be made with more environmentally friendly materials, namely fly ash. The substitution of fly ash material in concrete is known as geopolymer concrete. Fly ash is one of the industrial waste materials that can be used as geopolymer material. Fly ash is mineral residue in fine grains produced from coal combustion which is mashed at power plant power plant [15]. Many cement factories have used fly ash as mixture in cement, namely Portland Pozzolan Cement. Because fly ash contains SiO2, Al2O3, P2O3, and Fe2O3 which are quite high, so fly ash is considered capable of replacing cement completely.This study aims to obtain geopolymer concrete which has the best workability so that it is easy to work on (Workable Geopolymer Concrete / Self Compacting Geopolymer Concrete) and obtain the basic characteristics of geopolymer concrete material in the form of good workability and compressive strength. In this study, geopolymer concrete is composed of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash type F, and activators in the form of NaOH and Na2SiO3 Be52. In making geopolymer concrete, additional ingredients such as superplastizer are added to increase the workability of geopolymer concrete. From this research, the results of concrete compressive strength above fc' 25 MPa and horizontal slump values reached 60 to 80 centimeters.

scholarly journals Biofuel Combustion Fly Ash Influence on the Properties of Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-550
Author(s):  
Aurelijus Daugėla ◽  
Džigita Nagrockienė ◽  
Laurynas Zarauskas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Binding Agent ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Plasticizing Admixture

Cement as the binding agent in the production of concrete can be replaced with active mineral admixtures. Biofuel combustion fly ash is one of such admixtures. Materials used for the study: Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R, sand of 0/4 fraction, gravel of 4/16 fraction, biofuel fly ash, superplasticizer, water. Six compositions of concrete were designed by replacing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% 20%, and 25% of cement with biofuel fly ash. The article analyses the effect of biofuel fly ash content on the properties of concrete. The tests revealed that the increase of biofuel fly ash content up to 20% increases concrete density and compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing and decreases water absorption, with corrected water content by using plasticizing admixture. It was found that concrete where 20% of cement is replaced by biofuel ash has higher frost resistance.

scholarly journals Protective Geopolymer Coatings Containing Multi-Componential Precursors: Preparation and Basic Properties Characterization

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3448
Author(s):  
Chenhui Jiang ◽  
Aiying Wang ◽  
Xufan Bao ◽  
Zefeng Chen ◽  
Tongyuan Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Adhesive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

This paper presents an experimental investigation on geopolymer coatings (GPC) in terms of surface protection of civil structures. The GPC mixtures were prepared with a quadruple precursor simultaneously containing fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS), metakaolin (MK), and Portland cement (OPC). Setting time, compressive along with adhesive strength and permeability, were tested and interpreted from a perspective of potential applications. The preferred GPC with favorable setting time (not shorter than 120 min) and desirable compressive strength (not lower than 35 MPa) was selected from 85 mixture formulations. The results indicate that balancing strength and setting behavior is viable with the aid of the multi-componential precursor and the mixture design based on total molar ratios of key oxides or chemical elements. Adhesive strength of the optimized GPC mixtures was ranged from 1.5 to 3.4 MPa. The induced charge passed based on a rapid test of coated concrete specimens with the preferred GPC was 30% lower than that of the uncoated ones. Setting time of GPC was positively correlated with η[Si/(Na+Al)]. An abrupt increase of setting time occurred when the molar ratio was greater than 1.1. Compressive strength of GPC was positively affected by mass contents of ground granulated blast furnace slag, metakaolin and ordinary Portland cement, and was negatively affected by mass content of fly ash, respectively. Sustained seawater immersion impaired the strength of GPC to a negligible extent. Overall, GPC potentially serves a double purpose of satisfying the usage requirements and achieving a cleaner future.

Experimental Research of Foam Concrete with Different Fly Ash Level

2013 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Yue ◽  
Zan Li Sun ◽  
Yong Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Relationship Of

Based on the analysis of structure formation mechanism of foam concrete prepared with chemical method, investigations by a large number of comparative tests and quantitative analysis, quantitative relationship of compressive strength and fly ash dosage on 3d, 7d and 28d foam concrete specimens are analyzed. This investigation examined effect of fly ash that mixed into admixture concerning strength of low –density foam concrete. Mechanical test were performed to measure effect of fly ash on affecting compressive. Results indicate that fly ash significantly reducing compressive strength and increasing thermal conductivity of low-density foam concrete. Moreover, experimental results show that compressive strength of each group is more and smaller with the increase of the curing time.

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